85 research outputs found
Oxygen Moment Formation and Canting in Li2CuO2
The possibilities of oxygen moment formation and canting in the quasi-1D
cuprate Li2CuO2 are investigated using single crystal neutron diffraction at 2
K. The observed magnetic intensities could not be explained without the
inclusion of a large ordered oxygen moment of 0.11(1) Bohr magnetons.
Least-squares refinement of the magnetic structure of Li2CuO2 in combination
with a spin-density Patterson analysis shows that the magnetization densities
of the Cu and O atoms are highly aspherical, forming quasi-1D ribbons of
localised Cu and O moments. Magnetic structure refinements and low-field
magnetization measurements both suggest that the magnetic structure of Li2CuO2
at 2 K may be canted. A possible model for the canted configuration is
proposed.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures (screen resolution
Entanglement transfer from dissociated molecules to photons
We introduce and study the concept of a reversible transfer of the quantum
state of two internally-translationally entangled fragments, formed by
molecular dissociation, to a photon pair. The transfer is based on intracavity
stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and it requires a combination of processes
whose principles are well established.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
SU(N) Evolution of a Frustrated Spin Ladder
Recent studies indicate that the weakly coupled spin-1/2 Heisenberg
antiferromagnet with next nearest neighbor frustration supports massive spinons
when suitably tuned. The straightforward SU(N) generalization of the low energy
ladder Hamiltonian yields two independent SU(N) Thirring models with N-1
multiplets of massive ``spinon'' excitations. We study the evolution of the
complete set of low-energy dynamical structure factors using form factors.
Those corresponding to the smooth (staggered) magnetizations are qualitatively
different (the same) in the N=2 and N>2 cases. The absence of single-particle
peaks preserves the notion of spinons stabilized by frustration. In contrast to
the ladder, we note that the N=infinity limit of the four chain magnet is not a
trivial free theory.Comment: 10 pages, RevTex, 5 figures; SU(N) approach clarifie
Applications of a New Proposal for Solving the "Problem of Time" to Some Simple Quantum Cosmological Models
We apply a recent proposal for defining states and observables in quantum
gravity to simple models. First, we consider a Klein-Gordon particle in an ex-
ternal potential in Minkowski space and compare our proposal to the theory ob-
tained by deparametrizing with respect to a time slicing prior to quantiza-
tion. We show explicitly that the dynamics of the deparametrization approach
depends on the time slicing. Our proposal yields a dynamics independent of the
choice of time slicing at intermediate times but after the potential is turned
off, the dynamics does not return to the free particle dynamics. Next we apply
our proposal to the closed Robertson-Walker quantum cosmology with a massless
scalar field with the size of the universe as our time variable, so the only
dynamical variable is the scalar field. We show that the resulting theory has
the semi-classical behavior up to the classical turning point from expansion to
contraction, i.e., given a classical solution which expands for much longer
than the Planck time, there is a quantum state whose dynamical evolution
closely approximates this classical solution during the expansion. However,
when the "time" gets larger than the classical maximum, the scalar field be-
comes "frozen" at its value at the maximum expansion. We also obtain similar
results in the Taub model. In an Appendix we derive the form of the Wheeler-
DeWitt equation for the Bianchi models by performing a proper quantum reduc-
tion of the momentum constraints; this equation differs from the usual one ob-
tained by solving the momentum constraints classically, prior to quantization.Comment: 30 pages, LaTeX 3 figures (postscript file or hard copy) available
upon request, BUTP-94/1
Abelian Magnetic Monopole Dominance in Quark Confinement
We prove Abelian magnetic monopole dominance in the string tension of QCD.
Abelian and monopole dominance in low energy physics of QCD has been confirmed
for various quantities by recent Monte Carlo simulations of lattice gauge
theory. In order to prove this dominance, we use the reformulation of continuum
Yang-Mills theory in the maximal Abelian gauge as a deformation of a
topological field theory of magnetic monopoles, which was proposed in the
previous article by the author. This reformulation provides an efficient way
for incorporating the magnetic monopole configuration as a topological
non-trivial configuration in the functional integral. We derive a version of
the non-Abelian Stokes theorem and use it to estimate the expectation value of
the Wilson loop. This clearly exhibits the role played by the magnetic monopole
as an origin of the Berry phase in the calculation of the Wilson loop in the
manifestly gauge invariant manner. We show that the string tension derived from
the diagonal (abelian) Wilson loop in the topological field theory (studied in
the previous article) converges to that of the full non-Abelian Wilson loop in
the limit of large Wilson loop. Therefore, within the above reformulation of
QCD, this result (together with the previous result) completes the proof of
quark confinement in QCD based on the criterion of the area law of the full
non-Abelian Wilson loop.Comment: 33 pages, Latex, no figures, version accepted for publication in
Phys. Rev. D (additions of sec. 4.5 and references, and minor changes
Supermassive Binaries and Extragalactic Jets
Some quasars show Doppler shifted broad emission line peaks. I give new
statistics of the occurrence of these peaks and show that, while the most
spectacular cases are in quasars with strong radio jets inclined to the line of
sight, they are also almost as common in radio-quiet quasars. Theories of the
origin of the peaks are reviewed and it is argued that the displaced peaks are
most likely produced by the supermassive binary model. The separations of the
peaks in the 3C 390.3-type objects are consistent with orientation-dependent
"unified models" of quasar activity. If the supermassive binary model is
correct, all members of "the jet set" (astrophysical objects showing jets)
could be binaries.Comment: 31 pages, PostScript, missing figure is in ApJ 464, L105 (see
http://www.aas.org/ApJ/v464n2/5736/5736.html
Track D Social Science, Human Rights and Political Science
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138414/1/jia218442.pd
A História da Alimentação: balizas historiogråficas
Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da HistĂłria da Alimentação, nĂŁo como um novo ramo epistemolĂłgico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de prĂĄticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicaçþes, associaçþes, encontros acadĂŞmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condiçþes em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biolĂłgica, a econĂ´mica, a social, a cultural e a filosĂłfica!, assim como da identificação das contribuiçþes mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histĂłrica, foi ela organizada segundo critĂŠrios morfolĂłgicos. A seguir, alguns tĂłpicos importantes mereceram tratamento Ă parte: a fome, o alimento e o domĂnio religioso, as descobertas europĂŠias e a difusĂŁo mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rĂĄpido balanço crĂtico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema
- âŚ