Hermanus water conservation programme

Hermanus water conservation programm

Solution Of Wheeler-De Witt Equation, Potential Well And Tunnel Effect

This paper uses the relation of the cosmic scale factor and scalar field to solve Wheeler-DeWitt equation, gives the tunnel effect of the cosmic scale factor a and quantum potential well of scalar field, and makes it fit with the physics of cosmic quantum birth. By solving Wheeler-DeWitt equation we achieve a general probability distribution of the cosmic birth, and give the analysis of cosmic quantum birth.Comment: 12 page

Культурно-мистецьке життя Полтавщини середини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. у дзеркалі періодики

Alla Lytvynenko, PhD in Arts Korolenko State Teachers’ Training Institute, Poltava city “Cultural and Artistic Life in Poltava region in mid XIX – beginning of the XX centuries as reflected by the contemporary press”. The article presents findings of the first hand information analysis undertaken on the basis of the local and central press. The analysis focuses on the cultural and artistic life of Poltava region in the mid XIX – beginning of the XX century and provides evidence of high social, cultural and artistic status of the region maintained in this period

STATIONARY SOLUTIONS IN BRANS-DICKE STOCHASTIC INFLATIONARY COSMOLOGY

In Brans-Dicke theory the Universe becomes divided after inflation into many exponentially large domains with different values of the effective gravitational constant. Such a process can be described by diffusion equations for the probability of finding a certain value of the inflaton and dilaton fields in a physical volume of the Universe. For a typical chaotic inflation potential, the solutions for the probability distribution never become stationary but grow forever towards larger values of the fields. We show here that a non-minimal conformal coupling of the inflaton to the curvature scalar, as well as radiative corrections to the effective potential, may provide a dynamical cutoff and generate stationary solutions. We also analyze the possibility of large nonperturbative jumps of the fluctuating inflaton scalar field, which was recently revealed in the context of the Einstein theory. We find that in the Brans--Dicke theory the amplitude of such jumps is strongly suppressed.Comment: 19 pages, LaTe

Quantum Creation of an Open Inflationary Universe

We discuss a dramatic difference between the description of the quantum creation of an open universe using the Hartle-Hawking wave function and the tunneling wave function. Recently Hawking and Turok have found that the Hartle-Hawking wave function leads to a universe with Omega = 0.01, which is much smaller that the observed value of Omega > 0.3. Galaxies in such a universe would be about $10^{10^8}$ light years away from each other, so the universe would be practically structureless. We will argue that the Hartle-Hawking wave function does not describe the probability of the universe creation. If one uses the tunneling wave function for the description of creation of the universe, then in most inflationary models the universe should have Omega = 1, which agrees with the standard expectation that inflation makes the universe flat. The same result can be obtained in the theory of a self-reproducing inflationary universe, independently of the issue of initial conditions. However, there exist two classes of models where Omega may take any value, from Omega > 1 to Omega << 1.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figures. New materials are added. In particular, we show that boundary terms do not help to solve the problem of unacceptably small Omega in the new model proposed by Hawking and Turok in hep-th/9803156. A possibility to solve the cosmological constant problem in this model using the tunneling wave function is discusse