363 research outputs found
Determination of Newton's gravitational constant, G, with improved precision Status report, 1 Apr. - 30 Sep. 1965
Apparatus and techniques for laboratory determination of Newtonian gravitation constan
The Structure of Renal Corpuscle in the Sparrow, Passer domesticus domesticus, as Revealed by the Electron Microscope
Light microscope studies on the structure of the renal corpuscle have been made by numerous investigators. Among these were Bowman (1842), Vimtrup (1928), von Mollendorff (1928), Bargmann (1929), Zimmermann (1929), McGregor (1929), Bensley and Bensley (1930), and many others. A diversity of opinions arose concerning the details of structure of the mammalian renal corpuscle which was to remain, to a certain extent, the legacy of the electron · microscopists. Among the electron microscopists who studied the structure of the mammalian renal corpuscle were Pease and Baker (1950), Dalton (1951), Oberling, Gautier and Bernhard (1951), Hall, Roth and Johnson (1953), Jones ( 1953), Rinehart, Farguhar, Jung and Abul-Haj (1953), Reid (1954), Hall and Roth (1954), Mueller, Mason and Stout (1955), and Pease (1955). Some of the points of disagreement on the structural features of the renal corpuscle are: (1) basement membrane of Bowman\u27s capsule, (2) epithelium of Bowman\u27s capsule, (3) epithelium of the glomerulus, (4) basement membrane of the glomerulus, and (5) endothelium of the glomerulus. Since studies with the electron microscope on the vertebrate renal corpuscle have been limited to mammals it seemed of interest to attempt an analysis of the bird\u27s renal corpuscle by this method
Determination of newton's gravitational con- stant, g, with improved precision status report, oct. 1, 1964 - mar. 31, 1965
Determination of Newton gravitational constant with improved precisio
Clone flow analysis for a theory inspired Neutrino Experiment planning
The presence of several clone solutions in the simultaneous measurement of
() has been widely discussed in literature. In this letter
we write the analytical formulae of the clones location in the
() plane as a function of the physical input pair
(). We show how the clones move with changing
. The "clone flow" can be significantly different if computed
(naively) from the oscillation probabilities or (exactly) from the
probabilities integrated over the neutrino flux and cross-section.
Using our complete computation we compare the clone flow of a set of possible
future neutrino experiments: the CERN SuperBeam, BetaBeam and Neutrino Factory
proposals. We show that the combination of these specific BetaBeam and
SuperBeam does not help in solving the degeneracies. On the contrary, the
combination of one of them with the Neutrino Factory Golden and Silver channel
can be used, from a theoretical point of view, to solve completely the
eightfold degeneracy.Comment: 23 pages, using epsfi
Observation of the nonlinear Hall effect under time reversal symmetric conditions
The electrical Hall effect is the production of a transverse voltage under an
out-of-plane magnetic field. Historically, studies of the Hall effect have led
to major breakthroughs including the discoveries of Berry curvature and the
topological Chern invariants. In magnets, the internal magnetization allows
Hall conductivity in the absence of external magnetic field. This anomalous
Hall effect (AHE) has become an important tool to study quantum magnets. In
nonmagnetic materials without external magnetic fields, the electrical Hall
effect is rarely explored because of the constraint by time-reversal symmetry.
However, strictly speaking, only the Hall effect in the linear response regime,
i.e., the Hall voltage linearly proportional to the external electric field,
identically vanishes due to time-reversal symmetry. The Hall effect in the
nonlinear response regime, on the other hand, may not be subject to such
symmetry constraints. Here, we report the observation of the nonlinear Hall
effect (NLHE) in the electrical transport of the nonmagnetic 2D quantum
material, bilayer WTe2. Specifically, flowing an electrical current in bilayer
WTe2 leads to a nonlinear Hall voltage in the absence of magnetic field. The
NLHE exhibits unusual properties sharply distinct from the AHE in metals: The
NLHE shows a quadratic I-V characteristic; It strongly dominates the nonlinear
longitudinal response, leading to a Hall angle of about 90 degree. We further
show that the NLHE directly measures the "dipole moment" of the Berry
curvature, which arises from layer-polarized Dirac fermions in bilayer WTe2.
Our results demonstrate a new Hall effect and provide a powerful methodology to
detect Berry curvature in a wide range of nonmagnetic quantum materials in an
energy-resolved way
Neutral currents and tests of three-neutrino unitarity in long-baseline experiments
We examine a strategy for using neutral current measurements in long-baseline
neutrino oscillation experiments to put limits on the existence of more than
three light, active neutrinos. We determine the relative contributions of
statistics, cross section uncertainties, event misidentification and other
systematic errors to the overall uncertainty of these measurements. As specific
case studies, we make simulations of beams and detectors that are like the K2K,
T2K, and MINOS experiments. We find that the neutral current cross section
uncertainty and contamination of the neutral current signal by charge current
events allow a sensitivity for determining the presence of sterile neutinos at
the 0.10--0.15 level in probablility.Comment: 24 pages, Latex2e, uses graphicx.sty, 2 postscript figures. Submitted
to the Neutrino Focus Issue of New Journal Physics at http://www.njp.or
Density-functional theory of elastically deformed finite metallic system: work function and surface stress
The effect of external strain on surface properties of simple metals is
considered within the modified stabilized jellium model. The equations for the
stabilization energy of the deformed Wigner-Seitz cells are derived as a
function of the bulk electron density and the given deformation. The results
for surface stress and work function of aluminium calculated within the
self-consistent Kohn-Sham method are also given. The problem of anisotropy of
the work function of finite system is discussed. A clear explanation of
independent experiments on stress-induced contact potential difference at metal
surfaces is presented.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
Quantifying defects in graphene via Raman spectroscopy at different excitation energies.
We present a Raman study of Ar(+)-bombarded graphene samples with increasing ion doses. This allows us to have a controlled, increasing, amount of defects. We find that the ratio between the D and G peak intensities, for a given defect density, strongly depends on the laser excitation energy. We quantify this effect and present a simple equation for the determination of the point defect density in graphene via Raman spectroscopy for any visible excitation energy. We note that, for all excitations, the D to G intensity ratio reaches a maximum for an interdefect distance âŒ3 nm. Thus, a given ratio could correspond to two different defect densities, above or below the maximum. The analysis of the G peak width and its dispersion with excitation energy solves this ambiguity
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