Cornell undulator/summary of discussions

Based on an earlier statement made by CESR (during the meeting in March 1986 at Cornell) that the ring energy can be 6-GeV and the minimum gap can be 0.9 cm, we performed design calculations for the Cornell undulator. These are presented and briefly summaried in this report

Energy and angular distributions of radiation power from bending magnet and wiggler sources at a 6-GeV ring

In order to design radiation ports and beam line components, it is essential to understand the distribution of power from a radiation source as a function of both the photon energy and the solid angle of emission. In this preliminary note, we assemble all the formula involved for the case of a bending magnet and a wiggler. Typical distributions are presented for the case of 6-Gev radiation

Undulator tunability and ring-energy

An Undulator has two properties which make it an extremely attractive source of electromagnetic radiation. The first is that the radiation is concentrated in a number of narrow energy bands known as harmonics of the device. The second characteristic is that under favorable operating conditions, the energy of these harmonics can be shifted or {open_quotes}tuned{close_quotes} over an energy interval which can be as large as two or three times the value of the lowest energy harmonic. Both the photon energy of an undulator as well as its tunability are determined by the period, {lambda}, of the device, the magnetic gap, G (which is larger than the minimum aperture required for injection and operation of the storage ring), and the storage ring energy, E{sub R}. Given the photon energy, E{sub p}, the above parameters ultimately define the limits of operation or tunability of the undulator

Exploring urban gardening experiences in Europe and Asia: Rome vs. Tokyo

Nowadays the trend of urban gardening can be observed in many parts of the world. This phenomenon responds to the demand of rurality and the requalification of abandoned urban green areas expressed by city residents. Recently, many researchers have investigated about different types of urban gardening but mostly referring to English speaking developed countries (Guitart et al. 2012). To grasp the worldwide trend of urban gardening, this paper aims to compare urban gardening experiences in Rome and Tokyo. In Italy, the analysis is conducted through a direct investigation while the Japanese experience has been analysed through secondary data. The study of these two quite different metropolitan contexts helps to understand: (i) motivations on why urban residents need to grow food by themselves; (ii) types of ecosystem services (i.e. safeguard of agricultural land, food culture, production system, leisure model, environmental education, social cohesion) provided to stakeholders (Langemeyer et al. 2018; Speak et al. 2015). By comparing the two areas in Europe and Asia, we found urban residents’ interests in self-harvesting in common. Yet, there were differences in the form of urban gardening. Urban gardening in Rome is characterized by voluntary community activities, while Tokyo has commercial services to provide opportunities to not only those who have eagerness to grow vegetables, but also those who have less time and skills of growing plants

Results of design calculations. Specification of a prototype zone plate for focusing hard x-rays

A zone plate capable of focusing hard x-rays to less than 1 {mu}m spot size is designed and specified. This design is based on the state-of-art fabrication technology available today. This zone plate consists of Cu/Al layers sputtered alternatively on a round stainless steel core. Parameters of this zone plate are given. The focal length f is given for 8Kev x-rays and the thickness is optimized for focusing efficiency of the same x-ray energy

Nd-Fe-B undulator design for CESR

It is proposed to build a Nd-Fe-B based undulator on CESR ring which would provide pseudomonochromatic tunable radiation in the hard x-ray range from 4 to 15 keV. Such an intense radiation source opens unlimited possibilities for doing exciting science in material science and condensed matter physics. Here, we present the design goals for such an undulator and discuss the influence of various parameters that govern the properties of radiation from undulators. The analysis of these results leads us to select the specific design parameters of the undulator that will meet the radiation needs of the experimental program

Identification of LIMK2 as a therapeutic target in castration resistant prostate cancer

This study identified LIMK2 kinase as a disease-specific target in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) pathogenesis, which is upregulated in response to androgen deprivation therapy, the current standard of treatment for prostate cancer. Surgical castration increases LIMK2 expression in mouse prostates due to increased hypoxia. Similarly, human clinical specimens showed highest LIMK2 levels in CRPC tissues compared to other stages, while minimal LIMK2 was observed in normal prostates. Most notably, inducible knockdown of LIMK2 fully reverses CRPC tumorigenesis in castrated mice, underscoring its potential as a clinical target for CRPC. We also identified TWIST1 as a direct substrate of LIMK2, which uncovered the molecular mechanism of LIMK2-induced malignancy. TWIST1 is strongly associated with CRPC initiation, progression and poor prognosis. LIMK2 increases TWIST1 mRNA levels upon hypoxia; and stabilizes TWIST1 by direct phosphorylation. TWIST1 also stabilizes LIMK2 by inhibiting its ubiquitylation. Phosphorylation-dead TWIST1 acts as dominant negative and fully prevents EMT and tumor formation in vivo, thereby highlighting the significance of LIMK2-TWIST1 signaling axis in CRPC. As LIMK2 null mice are viable, targeting LIMK2 should have minimal collateral toxicity, thereby improving the overall survival of CRPC patients

Procurement history of the hybrid undulator for the U-5 Beam Line at the National Synchrotron Light Source

As part of a national multi-institutional Materials Research Group (MRG), Argonne National Laboratory had the responsibility, under a prime contract with the U.S. Department of Energy, of obtaining a Permanent Magnet Hybrid undulator to be used on the U5 Beam Line on the VUV Ring at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS). The procurement involved determining the technical specifications of the device as well as developing an effective procedure for evaluation of the proposals. The conceptual design of the magnetic structure including all pertinent magnetic field properties was developed before the actual procurement process was initiated. In addition, complete calculations of the expected spectral properties of the undulator were performed which included the emittance properties of the VUV ring. The results from both analysis were essential in determining the expected performance of the device and the final choice of operating parameters

Interpretation of Unresolved Mossbauer Spectra in Compounds of I~~~*

Recebido em 2 de Setembro de 1971 The Mossbauer-effect absorption spectra of the rare earth tri-iodides, Lal,, Gdl, and Erl, show evidence of unresolved quadrupole splitting. We propose that the electric field gradient (EFG) responsible for the interaction can be associated with a partially filled p hole (hd in the 5s25p6 eiectronic configuration of I-. The quadrupole coupling parameters and isomer shifts are determined from a least squares fitting of the data using as initial estimates the C[" NQR data for equivalent rare earth tri-chlorides. For Lal, , Gdl, and Erl, these ar