854 research outputs found
Filtenna Integration Achieving Ideal Chebyshev Return Losses
This paper demonstrates that it is possible to find an ideal filter response (Chebyshew, Butterworth,..) considering the antenna as the last resonator of a filter under certain circumstances related with the antenna performance and the bandwidth of the filtenna device. If these circumstances are not accomplished, we can achieve excellent performance as well, by means of an iterative process the goal of which is defined by either a filter mask or a classical filter function itself. The methodology is based on the conventional coupling matrix technique for filter design and has been validated by fabricating a microstrip prototype using hairpin resonators and a rectangular patch antenna
Nonlinear Performance of BAW Filters Including BST Capacitors
This paper evaluates the nonlinear effects occurring in a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter which includes barium strontium titanate (BST) capacitors to cancel the electrostatic capacitance of the BAW resonators. To do that we consider the nonlinear effects on the BAW resonators by use of a nonlinear Mason model. This model accounts for the distributed nonlinearities inherent in the materials forming the resonator. The whole filter is then implemented by properly connecting the resonators in a balanced configuration. Additional BST capacitors are included in the filter topology. The nonlinear behavior of the BST capacitors is also accounted in the overall nonlinear assessment. The whole circuit is then used to evaluate its nonlinear behavior. It is found that the nonlinear contribution arising from the ferroelectric nature of the BST capacitors makes it impractical to fulfill the linearity requirements of commercial filters
Electron beam driven alkali metal atom source for loading a magneto-optical trap in a cryogenic environment
We present a versatile and compact electron beam driven source for alkali
metal atoms, which can be implemented in cryostats. With a heat load of less
than 10mW, the heat dissipation normalized to the atoms loaded into the
magneto-optical Trap (MOT), is about a factor 1000 smaller than for a typical
alkali metal dispenser. The measured linear scaling of the MOT loading rate
with electron current observed in the experiments, indicates that electron
stimulated desorption is the corresponding mechanism to release the atoms.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Air radon concentration decrease in a waste water treatment plant
Rn-222 is a naturally occurring gas created from the decay of Ra-226. The long-term health risk of breathing radon is lung cancer. One particular place where indoor radon concentrations can exceed national guidelines is in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) where treatment processes may contribute to ambient airborne concentrations. The aim of this paper was to study the radon concentration decrease after the application of corrective measures in a Spanish WWTP. According to first measures, air radon concentration exceeded International Commission Radiologica1 Protection (ICRP) normative (recommends intervention between 400 and 1000 Bq m(-3)). Therefore, the WWTP improved mechanical forced ventilation to lower occupational exposure. This measure allowed to increase the administrative controls, since the limitation of workers access to the plant changed from 2 h d(-1) (considering a maximum permissible dose of 20 mSv y(-1) averaged over 5 y) to 7 h d(-1).Juste Vidal, BJ.; Ortiz Moragón, J.; Verdú Martín, GJ.; Martorell Alsina, SS. (2015). Air radon concentration decrease in a waste water treatment plant. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/RPD/NCV329
Triclinic modification of N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-3-[(R)-prop-2-en-1-ylsulfinyl]-(R)-alanine ethyl ester at 120 (1) K
There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C13H23NO5S. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link molecules into two independent one-dimensional chains along [100]. The crystal studied was found to be a non-merohedral twin with a ratio of 0.615 (6):0.385 (1) for the refined components. At 200 (1) K [Singh et al. (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. E65, o1385–o1386] the crystal structure of the title compound contains one disordered molecule in the asymmetric unit of a monoclinic unit cell
Systematic study of constitutive cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression: role of NFκB and NFAT transcriptional pathways
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme that drives inflammation and is the therapeutic target for widely used nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, COX-2 is also constitutively expressed, in the absence of overt inflammation, with a specific tissue distribution that includes the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and thymus. Constitutive COX-2 expression is therapeutically important because NSAIDs cause cardiovascular and renal side effects in otherwise healthy individuals. These side effects are now of major concern globally. However, the pathways driving constitutive COX-2 expression remain poorly understood. Here we show that in the kidney and other sites, constitutive COX-2 expression is a sterile response, independent of commensal microorganisms and not associated with activity of the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. Instead, COX-2 expression in the kidney but not other regions colocalized with nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factor activity and was sensitive to inhibition of calcineurin-dependent NFAT activation. However, calcineurin/NFAT regulation did not contribute to constitutive expression elsewhere or to inflammatory COX-2 induction at any site. These data address the mechanisms driving constitutive COX-2 and suggest that by targeting transcription it may be possible to develop antiinflammatory therapies that spare the constitutive expression necessary for normal homeostatic functions, including those important to the cardiovascular-renal system
Dynamical replica theoretic analysis of CDMA detection dynamics
We investigate the detection dynamics of the Gibbs sampler for code-division
multiple access (CDMA) multiuser detection. Our approach is based upon
dynamical replica theory which allows an analytic approximation to the
dynamics. We use this tool to investigate the basins of attraction when phase
coexistence occurs and examine its efficacy via comparison with Monte Carlo
simulations.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figure
Del derribo de ideas al levantamiento de puentes: la Epistemología de las ciencias como criterio organizador de la enseñanza en las ciencias/ Física y Química
After a critical analysis of "isolated conceptual changes", a new form to estructure and organize a course is proposed in concordance with scientific epistemology and the "by research" or "by problem solving" science teaching models. This study suggests a reorientation of spontanous ideas investigations linking them to the development of appropiate teaching /learning sequences.</p
Analysis of CDMA systems that are characterized by eigenvalue spectrum
An approach by which to analyze the performance of the code division multiple
access (CDMA) scheme, which is a core technology used in modern wireless
communication systems, is provided. The approach characterizes the objective
system by the eigenvalue spectrum of a cross-correlation matrix composed of
signature sequences used in CDMA communication, which enables us to handle a
wider class of CDMA systems beyond the basic model reported by Tanaka. The
utility of the novel scheme is shown by analyzing a system in which the
generation of signature sequences is designed for enhancing the orthogonality.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Application of Deep Learning Long Short-Term Memory in Energy Demand Forecasting
The smart metering infrastructure has changed how electricity is measured in
both residential and industrial application. The large amount of data collected
by smart meter per day provides a huge potential for analytics to support the
operation of a smart grid, an example of which is energy demand forecasting.
Short term energy forecasting can be used by utilities to assess if any
forecasted peak energy demand would have an adverse effect on the power system
transmission and distribution infrastructure. It can also help in load
scheduling and demand side management. Many techniques have been proposed to
forecast time series including Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural
Network and Deep Learning. In this work we use Long Short Term Memory
architecture to forecast 3-day ahead energy demand across each month in the
year. The results show that 3-day ahead demand can be accurately forecasted
with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error of 3.15%. In addition to that, the paper
proposes way to quantify the time as a feature to be used in the training phase
which is shown to affect the network performance
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