Ground Water in Northwest Arkansas: Minimizing Nutrient Contamination From Non-point Sources in Karst Terrane

The purpose of the project is to evaluate the effectiveness of Best Management Practices (BPMs) in preventing non-point source contamination of the ground-water resources in the karst terrane of northwestern Arkansas. Limestone and dolomite aquifers in the region are highly vulnerable to contamination. Ground-water studies performed in the region during the last two decades indicate degradation of these carbonate aquifers by nutrients and bacteria. The expeditious growth of the poultry industry during this period, in combination with the inordinate population growth of the region constitute a threat to the ground-water resources from both point sources and non-point sources of contamination. Potential point sources of nutrient and bacterial contamination of ground water in this region include residential septic systems, discharges from sewage treatment plants up-gradient of losing stream segments, and sewage sludge disposal sites. Non-point sources of nutrient and bacterial contamination are attributed to the disposal of poultry and Livestock waste

Application of Neuro-Fuzzy Technique+2:9s to Predict Ground Water Vulnerability in Northwest Arkansas

Contamination of ground water has been a major concern in recent years of local, state and federal agencies involved with the management, quality, and quantity of water and their relationships with human health. The Springfield Plateau aquifer, which lies beneath the study area in northwest Arkansas, has been shown to have higher nitrate-N (NO3-N) concentrations than the national median. The dominant landuse (LULC) of this area is agriculture (primarily pasture/cattle and woodlands) and an encroaching urbanization. The major sources of nitrogen in the study area are poultry/cattle wastes, inorganic fertilizers (Peterson et. al., 1998) and septic filter fields. Many of the soils in the Ozark Region are highly permeable and well drained and the geology is karst. The probability of pollution occurring at a given location is a function not only of its hydrogeologic setting but also of anthropogenic pollution in the area (Evans, 1990)

Geochemical Processes and Controls Affecting Water Quality of the Karst Area of Big Creek near Mt. Judea, Arkansas

Karst regions typically are considered to be vulnerable with respect to various land-use activities, owing to the intimate association of surface and groundwater and lack of contaminant attenuation provided by most karst aquifers. Inasmuch as the soluble rocks of the karst landscape can be dissolved to create large, rapid-flow zones that compete successfully with surface streams, groundwater and subsurface flow represent a much larger component of the hydrologic budget in karst regions than in areas where non-soluble rocks predominate. Karst areas typically are distinguished by being unique, but some general approaches can be applied to characterize the hydrology of the area. These approaches include an evaluation of the degree of karstification, the hydrologic attributes of the groundwater flow system, the baseline water quality, the time-of-travel through the karst flow system, and the general flux moving through the system. The nature of potential contaminants and their total mass and range of concentrations are critical to understanding the potential environmental risk. This study describes the characterization of the baseline water quality of the shallow karst Boone aquifer and surface streams and springs to determine major processes and controls affecting water quality in the region, and to assess 2 years of waste spreading. Parameters evaluated include major constituents, contaminants and their breakdown products from the industrial operation of a concentrated animal-feeding operation (CAFO) on Big Creek, the indicator pathogen, E. coli, dissolved oxygen, selected trace metals, and other ancillary water-quality attributes that are directly observable in the environment. Determination of pre-CAFO water quality was accomplished by sampling approximately 40 sites that included wells, springs, and streams

Chapter 8. The Importance and Role of Watersheds in the Transport of Nitrogen

A recent report to Congress concerning water quality in the United States indicated that 35%, 45%,and 44\u27% of the assessed rivers and streams, lakes, and estuaries, respectively, were impaired by one or more pollutants (US Environmental Protection Agency, 1999). Nutrients, primarily nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), contributed to the impairment of 30% or 135,000 km of the nation\u27s impaired rivers and streams. 44% of the impaired lakes, and 23% of the impaired estuaries. Excessive nutrient loads are implicated in the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs in the United States and coastal ecosystems where N is most limiting to primary productivity (Vitousek et al., 1997; Carpenter et al., 1998). Efforts arc currently underway to establish Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) values for pollutants, including nutrients, of impaired water bodies as described under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act of 1972

Hydrogeology and preliminary assessment of regional flow in the upper Cretaceous and adjacent aquifers in the northern Mississippi embayment /

Shipping list no.: 88-151-P.Bibliography: p. 61-65.Mode of access: Internet

Preliminary delineation and description of the regional aquifers of Tennessee : the Highland Rim aquifer system /

Bibliography: p. 35-38.Mode of access: Internet

Preliminary delineation and description of the regional aquifers of Tennessee--Basal sandstone west of the Valley and Ridge Province / by J.V. Brahana ... [et al.] ; prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ; [prepared by U.S. Geological Survey].

Shipping list no.: 86-886-P.Bibliography: p. 21.Mode of access: Internet

Preliminary delineation and description of the regional aquifers of Tennessee : the East Tennessee aquifer system /

Shipping list no.: 86-911-P.Bibliography: p. 29-30.Mode of access: Internet

Preliminary delineation and description of the regional aquifers of Tennessee : the Central Basin aquifer system /

Shipping list no.: 86-942-P.Bibliography: p. 34-35.Mode of access: Internet