Noncommuting spherical coordinates

Restricting the states of a charged particle to the lowest Landau level introduces a noncommutativity between Cartesian coordinate operators. This idea is extended to the motion of a charged particle on a sphere in the presence of a magnetic monopole. Restricting the dynamics to the lowest energy level results in noncommutativity for angular variables and to a definition of a noncommuting spherical product. The values of the commutators of various angular variables are not arbitrary but are restricted by the discrete magnitude of the magnetic monopole charge. An algebra, isomorphic to angular momentum, appears. This algebra is used to define a spherical star product. Solutions are obtained for dynamics in the presence of additional angular dependent potentials.Comment: 5 pages, RevTex4 fil

Halting Planet Migration in the Evacuated Centers of Protoplanetary Disks

Precise Doppler searches for extrasolar planets find a surfeit of planets with orbital periods of 3-4 days, and no planets with orbital periods less than 3 days. The circumstellar distance, R_0, where small grains in a protoplanetary disk reach sublimation temperature (~1500 K) corresponds to a period of ~6 days. Interior to R_0, turbulent accretion due to magneto-rotational instability may evacuate the disk center. We suggest that planets with orbital periods of 3-4 days are so common because migrating planets halt once this evacuated region contains the sites of their exterior 2:1 Lindblad resonances.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, to appear in ApJ letter

Transverse Lepton Polarization in Polarized W Decays

Calculations of transverse polarization of leptons in the decay $W\rightarrow l\nu$ with polarized $W$'s are presented. Planned accelerators will produce enough $W$'s for observation of the Standard Model contributions to this polarization. One loop corrections to the polarization are given; these are too small to be seen at presently available $W$ sources. The exchange of Majorons will contribute to these polarizations; these may provide limits on the couplings of these particles to leptons.Comment: 8 pages set in RevTex III and 4 uucompressed figures. This revised version studies polarization effects due to the exchange of charged Majoron doublet

Yeast Features: Identifying Significant Features Shared Among Yeast Proteins for Functional Genomics

Background
High throughput yeast functional genomics experiments are revealing associations among tens to hundreds of genes using numerous experimental conditions. To fully understand how the identified genes might be involved in the observed system, it is essential to consider the widest range of biological annotation possible. Biologists often start their search by collating the annotation provided for each protein within databases such as the Saccharomyces Genome Database, manually comparing them for similar features, and empirically assessing their significance. Such tasks can be automated, and more precise calculations of the significance can be determined using established probability measures. 
Results
We developed Yeast Features, an intuitive online tool to help establish the significance of finding a diverse set of shared features among a collection of yeast proteins. A total of 18,786 features from the Saccharomyces Genome Database are considered, including annotation based on the Gene Ontology’s molecular function, biological process and cellular compartment, as well as conserved domains, protein-protein and genetic interactions, complexes, metabolic pathways, phenotypes and publications. The significance of shared features is estimated using a hypergeometric probability, but novel options exist to improve the significance by adding background knowledge of the experimental system. For instance, increased statistical significance is achieved in gene deletion experiments because interactions with essential genes will never be observed. We further demonstrate the utility by suggesting the functional roles of the indirect targets of an aminoglycoside with a known mechanism of action, and also the targets of an herbal extract with a previously unknown mode of action. The identification of shared functional features may also be used to propose novel roles for proteins of unknown function, including a role in protein synthesis for YKL075C.
Conclusions
Yeast Features (YF) is an easy to use web-based application (http://software.dumontierlab.com/yeastfeatures/) which can identify and prioritize features that are shared among a set of yeast proteins. This approach is shown to be valuable in the analysis of complex data sets, in which the extracted associations revealed significant functional relationships among the gene products.
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Chlorophyll, Chloroplast Ribosomal RNA, and DNA Are Reduced by Rarley Stripe Mosaic Virus Systemic Infection

Barley stripe mosaic virus became systemic 3 days alter inoculation of barley plants in the two-leaf stage. The first leaf to show mosaic was leaf 3. which was 4.5 cm long at 3 days after inoculation when it was invaded by virus. Since all of Ieaf 3 showed mosaic, the events leading to mosaic occurred during cell expansion and after cell division. which is limited to the basal centimeter of young cereal leaves. Molecular changes associated with mosaic formation included a 509, reduction in chloroplast ribosomal RNA and chlorophyll, expressed as amount per unit DNA, in young leaves with an acute stage of infection. Cytoplasmic ribosomal RNA was not reduced. The amount of DNA per barley leaf and leaf fresh weight were reduced as a result of systemic virus infection. Chloroplast ribosomal RNA was not detectable by density gradient centrifugation in infected areas of maize leaves. An RN A-dependent RN A polymerase associated with virus infection reached maximum concentrations in young systemically infected barley leaves coincident with high rates of virus replication and first detectable decreases in chlorophyll and chloroplast ribosomal RNA

Reaction ⁶Li(p, Δ⁺⁺)⁶He At 1.04 GeV And The Δ−N Interaction

The reaction ⁶Li(p, Δ⁺⁺)⁶He has been studied at 1.04 GeV for transferred momenta ranging from 0.11 to 0.35 (GeV/c)2. An exponential decrease of the cross section is observed. A Glauber-type calculation is presented. The possibility of extracting information on σ(ΔN) and α(ΔN) is discussed

Airlie House Pollution Prevention Technology Transfer pilot projects

The projects were a series of pilot projects developed for DOE with the intention of transferring pollution prevention technology to private industry. The concept was to develop small technology transfer initiatives in partnership with the private sector. Argonne National Laboratory developed three projects: the microscale chemistry in education program, the microscale cost benefit study, and the Bethel New Life recycling trainee program. The two microscale chemistry projects focused on introducing microscale chemistry technologies to secondary and college education. These programs were inexpensive to develop and received excellent evaluations from participants and regulators. The recycle trainee project provided training for two participants and identified recycling and source reduction opportunities in Argonne`s solid waste stream. The pilot projects demonstrated that technology transfer initiatives can be developed and implemented with a small budget and within a short period of time. The essential components of the pilot projects were identification of target technologies that were already available, identification of target audiences, and a focus of effort to achieve a limited but defined objective