Professional profile of workers In spanish fitness clubs

El objetivo del presente estudio fue el de profundizar en el conocimiento de las características sociodemográficas de los profesionales del sector del fitness en España en función del puesto principal desempeñado dentro de la organización. La muestra estuvo formada por 1.662 profesionales (edad media=32,14; DT=6,80; 50,7 % hombres; 49,3 % mujeres). Para la recogida de datos se utilizó un cuestionario diseñado ad hoc. Los resultados mostraron que el género, la edad, y el nivel de formación, resultaban diferentes en función del puesto ocupado. Como conclusión principal, se puede afirmar que los profesionales del sector del fitness español, presentaban una dilatada experiencia en la profesión y un nivel de formación adecuado a las necesidades de sus respectivos puestosThe goal of the present study was to delve into the knowledge of the socio demographic features of professionals in the Spanish fitness sector according to the main position performed within the organization. The sample included 1,662 professionals (average age=32.14; SD=6.80; 50.7 % males; 49.3 % females). To collect data an ad hoc-designed questionnaire was used. Results showed that gender, age and level of training turned out to be different depending on the position held. It may be concluded, for starters, that professionals in the Spanish fitness sector have ample experience in their profession and a training level adequate to the needs of their respective position

Professional profile of workers in spanish fitness clubs

The goal of the present study was to delve into the knowledge of the socio demographic features of professionals in the Spanish fitness sector according to the main position performed within the organization. The sample included 1,662 professionals (average age=32.14; SD=6.80; 50.7 % males; 49.3 % females). To collect data an ad hoc-designed questionnaire was used. Results showed that gender, age and level of training turned out to be different depending on the position held. It may be concluded, for starters, that professionals in the Spanish fitness sector have ample experience in their profession and a training level adequate to the needs of their respective positions.El objetivo del presente estudio fue el de profundizar en el conocimiento de las características sociodemográficas de los profesionales del sector delfitness en Españaen función del puesto principal desempeñado dentro de la organización.La muestra estuvoformada por 1.662 profesionales(edad media=32,14; DT=6,80; 50,7 %hombres; 49,3 %mujeres). Para la recogida de datos se utilizó un cuestionariodiseñado ad hoc. Los resultados mostraron que el género, la edad, y el nivel de formación, resultabandiferentesen función del puesto ocupado. Como conclusión principal, se puede afirmar que los profesionales del sector del fitness español, presentaban una dilatada experienciaen la profesión y un nivel de formación adecuado a las necesidades desus respectivos puestos

Traumatic Brain Injury in Honduras: The Use of a Paper‑based Surveillance System to Characterize Injuries Patterns

Background: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Violence is the leading cause of mortality in Honduras. However, the incidence and impact of TBI in this low-middle income country (LMIC) is unknown. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of TBI in Honduras, as captured by an injury surveillance tool in the country’s major referral center. Methods: We conducted a cross‑sectional review of all TBI‑related emergency department visits at the main referral hospital in Honduras from January to December 2013. We calculated descriptive statistics from Injury Surveillance System (InSS) data. Results: Of 17,971 total injuries seen in 2013, 20% were traumatic brain injuries (n=3,588). The main mechanisms of injury were falls (41.11%), road traffic (23.91%), blunt trauma (20.82%), penetrating knife injuries (5.85%), and firearm injuries (2.26%). Most TBI were classified as mild; 99.69% (Glasgow Coma Scale=15). Emergency room mortality was low (1.11%). The modified Kampala Trauma Score median was 8 (interquartile range 7-8). Conclusion: Mild TBI accounts for a significant percentage of all injuries presenting to a high-volume referral center in Honduras in 2013. Despite the high incidence of violence in this country, most TBI were accidental, secondary to road traffic accidents and falls. There is required further research with more recent data as well as with prospective data collection methods

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Study of Green Extraction Processes to Obtain Antioxidants from Rosemary Leaves

Trabajo presentado al 10th International Symposium on Supercritical Fluids celebrado en San Francisco (US) del 13 al 16 de mayo de 2012.Rosemary is one of the most appreciated natural sources for bioactive compounds with different activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial or anticarcinogenic. Antioxidant activity has been associated to some of its components, among them, phenolic diterpenes such as carnosic acid, carnosol and rosmarinic acid. A careful selection of the extraction process together with the optimization of the extraction conditions, are of high importance to obtain rosemary extracts with high bioactivity. Among the different extraction processes, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) have demonstrated to be the most selective and environmental friendly techniques. However, extracts obtained by these processes usually require a drying step (freeze or hot drying step) which is both energy and time consuming. In this work, a new process combining PHWE and powder formation on-line (water extraction and particle formation on-line process, WEPO®) has been developed to obtain dry antioxidant powder from rosemary leaves in one step. In this process, parameters related to the extraction efficiency and selectivity (water flow rate and temperature) as well as parameters involving spray stability and powder formation have been considered at the same time. The obtained extracts have been evaluated in terms of their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Finally, in order to assess the viability and environmental impact of the new process, a comparison with other green processes used for antioxidant extraction from rosemary leaves such as SFE and PHWE (both followed by a freeze drying step) has been performed in terms of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Moreover, a sensitivity analysis of the LCA has been carried out to study the different environmental impact between the processes whether they are employed in different countries.This work was supported by AGL2008-05108-C03-01 (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia), CSD2007-00063 FUN-CFOOD (Programa CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010), and S-0505/AGR/000153 (Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid) projects. C.T. acknowledges the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS, 2006-1346); the Swedish Research Council (VR, 2006-4084); and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF, 2005:0073/13, RMA08-0044). M.C-P. thanks MICINN for her “Juan de la Cierva” contract.Peer Reviewe

Differences in conditions of employment between sport managers with and without degree in physical activity and sport sciences

Objetivo: Analizar las diferencias laborales existentes entre los gestores deportivoscon estudios universitarios relacionados con las Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte respecto a los que no tienen esta titulación. Material y métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 268gestores que desarrollan su actividadprincipal en centros deportivosen España (=34,38 años; DT=6,68). Se segmentó la muestra en dos grupos: profesionales con titulación Universitariaen Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (n=104) y; profesionales que no poseíanesta titulación (n=164).Resultados:Los titulados universitarios son significativamente (p2.000 m2). Además,presentan una mayor intención de abandono de la empresa o del sector. Por el contrario, la formación no es un factor determinante en el género de los sujetos o en la cantidad de salario mensual percibido. Conclusiones:Para evitar el modelo de intrusismo desleal que incorpora a gestores deportivos poco cualificados y perjudica la imagen y derecho de los profesionales con titulación, se precisa de una adecuada regulación de favor del profesional con titulación de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporteen España que aglutine los mismos criterios.Esto ayudaría a las organizaciones deportivas a fidelizar a su personal con titulación universitaria en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte.ObjectiveAnalyze existing in bachelor ́s degree labor differences between managers with college sports related Sciences of Physical Activity and Sport compared to those without this degree. Methods:The sample composed by268 managers who carry out their main activity in sports centers in Spain(=34.38 years, SD=6.68). The sample was segmented into two groups: professional that are graduates in Sport Sciences Degree (n=104) and, professionals who did not have this degree (n=164). Results:Graduates are significantly (p2,000 m2). Also, they have a higher intention to leave the company or the working sector. On the contrary, education is not a determining factor in the gender of the subjects or in the monthly salary. Conclusions:In order to avoid the unfair professional intrusion model that incorporates low-skilled managers and damage the image and rights of managers with university degree, a proper regulation that gathers the same criteria of the professional qualifications of Sciences of Physical Activity and Sport in Spain is required. This would help to sports organizations to retain their staff with university degree in Sciences of Physical Activity and Sport

Thinking Globally in the Pursuit of Individual Identity: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the International Journal of Medical Students (IJMS)

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are core values that are unequivocally essential to healthcare research and practice. However, global health inequities remain pervasive and disruptive to the delivery of healthcare. This unacceptable lack of inclusivity and equity infiltrates all aspects of medicine, including research and publication. Accordingly, there is a dissemination of unbalanced and homogenous perspectives which are not representative of the global population. The International Journal of Medical Students (IJMS) has strived to counter such biases through the development of content and the process of its publication. Further, the selection of its editorial team and ambassadors is conducted with the intention of diversity. We respect individual differences and celebrate them as strengths adding to the quality of our journal. Therefore, the IJMS has taken a positive step toward an equitable environment by publishing a policy statement on DEI. We hope to lead by example by fostering a culture of inclusivity for all researchers, regardless of background. Though, we recognize the complexity of implementing comprehensive DEI practices and consider it our duty to the community that we continuously develop through a dedicated effort and iterative process

Situación de la Certificación en Organizaciones de Gestión de Instalaciones Deportivas en España

The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the current situation of quality in sports management organizations of Spanish sports facilities. Out of a total of 5,065 registered under the national code of economic activities 9311, a detailed study of each of the organizations was carried out through systematic observation, to finally select 35 organizations with quality certification ISO9001, ISO14001, OHSAS 18001and EFQM. The results show a low quality implantation in the management organizations of sports facilities, being the certifications with greater implementation the quality management system (ISO 9001) and environmental management system (ISO 14001).El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y describir la situación actual de la calidad en las organizaciones deportivas de gestión de instalaciones deportivas españolas. De un total de 5.065 registradas bajo el código nacional de actividades económicas 9311, se procedió al estudio pormenorizado de cada una de las organizaciones a través de la observación sistemática, para finalmente seleccionar a 35 organizaciones con certificación de calidad ISO9001, ISO14001, OHSAS 18001y EFQM. Los resultados muestran una escasa implantación de calidad en las organizaciones de gestión de instalaciones deportivas, siendo las certificaciones con mayor implantación, el sistema de gestión de calidad (ISO 9001) y el sistema de gestión medioambiental (ISO 14001)

Time-series proteomic study of the response of HK-2 cells to hyperglycemic, hypoxic diabetic-like milieu

During diabetes, renal proximal tubular cells (PTC) are exposed to a combination of high glucose and hypoxic conditions, which plays a relevant role in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this work, a time-series proteomic study was performed to analyse the effect of a diabetic-like microenvironment induced changes on HK-2 cells, a human cell line derived from normal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cells simultaneously exposed to high glucose (25 mM) and hypoxia (1% O-2) were compared to cells in control conditions for up to 48 h. Diabetic conditions increased the percentage of death cells after 24 and 48 h, but no differences in the protein/cell ratio were found. The relative protein quantification using dimethyl-labeling and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis allowed the identification of 317, 296 and 259 proteins at 5, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The combination of statistical and time expression profile analyses indicated an increased expression of proteins involved in glycolysis, and a decrease of cytoskeletal-related proteins. The exposure of HK-2 cells to high glucose and hypoxia reproduces some of the effects of diabetes on PTC and, with the limitations inherent toin vitrostudies, propose new mechanisms and targets to be considered in the management of DKD