A least-squares implicit RBF-FD closest point method and applications to PDEs on moving surfaces

The closest point method (Ruuth and Merriman, J. Comput. Phys. 227(3):1943-1961, [2008]) is an embedding method developed to solve a variety of partial differential equations (PDEs) on smooth surfaces, using a closest point representation of the surface and standard Cartesian grid methods in the embedding space. Recently, a closest point method with explicit time-stepping was proposed that uses finite differences derived from radial basis functions (RBF-FD). Here, we propose a least-squares implicit formulation of the closest point method to impose the constant-along-normal extension of the solution on the surface into the embedding space. Our proposed method is particularly flexible with respect to the choice of the computational grid in the embedding space. In particular, we may compute over a computational tube that contains problematic nodes. This fact enables us to combine the proposed method with the grid based particle method (Leung and Zhao, J. Comput. Phys. 228(8):2993-3024, [2009]) to obtain a numerical method for approximating PDEs on moving surfaces. We present a number of examples to illustrate the numerical convergence properties of our proposed method. Experiments for advection-diffusion equations and Cahn-Hilliard equations that are strongly coupled to the velocity of the surface are also presented

Permutations preserving divisibility

We give a proof of a theorem on the common divisibility of polynomials and permuted polynomials (over GF(2)) by a polynomial g(x)

Void fraction under breaking waves

Bubble injection due to breaking waves within the surf zone is inferred by measuring void fraction using a 3 m vertical array of eight conductivity cells in conjunction with video pixel intensity. Void fraction errors associated with the conductivity measurements are examined, including vertical variations in the temperature and conductivity (measured), proximity effects near the surface, and estimates of the surface elevation using pressure sensors. Energy loss is due to conversion of kinetic and potential energy of a wave to buoyant potential energy by the injection of air into the water column, which is then lost as the bubbles raise to the surface and escape to the atmosphere. Void fractions up to 40% were observed in intense breaking events penetrating to depths over 0.5 m confined within the crest trough region. Production of potential energy due to buoyancy of bubbles was nearly instantaneous with the majority of energy dissipating within 0.25 s. Pixel intensity qualitatively correlated with surface elevation and injection events. Crests in cross shore intensity time stack plots are clearly visible and show good correlation with breaking events. However, pixel intensity values did not correlate quantitatively with surface elevation or production of buoyant potential energyhttp://www.archive.org/details/voidfractionunde00pireLieutenant, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Somalie

Daraasaad la sameeyey 1966 oo ku saabsan sidii ay ku suurtaggeli lahayd warshadaynta dalka Soomaaliya iyo diraasaad dhaqaale oo halkaas lagu qoondaynayo mashaariic.Studio sulle possibilità di industrializzazione della Somalia effettuato nel 1966 e studio economico dei progetti in essere.A study on the possibilities of industrialization of Somalia carried out in 1966 and an economic study of the projects in place.Link:http://aei.pitt.edu/34949/1/A1100.pd

Genetic background influences tumour development in heterozygous Men1 knockout mice

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), an autosomal dominant disorder caused by MEN1 germline mutations, is characterised by parathyroid, pancreatic and pituitary tumours. MEN1 mutations also cause familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism (FIHP), a milder condition causing hyperparathyroidism only. Identical mutations can cause either MEN1 or FIHP in different families, thereby implicating a role for genetic modifiers in altering phenotypic expression of tumours. We therefore investigated the effects of genetic background and potential for genetic modifiers on tumour development in adult Men1+/- mice, which develop tumours of the parathyroids, pancreatic islets, anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex and gonads, that had been backcrossed to generate C57BL/6 and 129S6/SvEv congenic strains. A total of 275 Men1+/- mice, aged 5–26 months were macroscopically studied, and this revealed that genetic background significantly influenced the development of pituitary, adrenal and ovarian tumours, which occurred in mice over 12 months of age and more frequently in C57BL/6 females, 129S6/SvEv males and 129S6/SvEv females, respectively. Moreover, pituitary and adrenal tumours developed earlier, in C57BL/6 males and 129S6/SvEv females, respectively, and pancreatic and testicular tumours developed earlier in 129S6/SvEv males. Furthermore, glucagon-positive staining pancreatic tumours occurred more frequently in 129S6/SvEv Men1+/- mice. Whole genome sequence analysis of 129S6/SvEv and C57BL/6 Men1+/- mice revealed >54,000 different variants in >300 genes. These included, Coq7, Dmpk, Ccne2, Kras, Wnt2b, Il3ra and Tnfrsf10a, and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that Kras was significantly higher in pituitaries of male 129S6/SvEv mice. Thus, our results demonstrate that Kras and other genes could represent possible genetic modifiers of Men1

Long-wavelength approximation for string cosmology with barotropic perfect fluid

The field equations derived from the low energy string effective action with a matter tensor describing a perfect fluid with a barotropic equation of state are solved iteratively using the long-wavelength approximation, i.e. the field equations are expanded by the number of spatial gradients. In the zero order, a quasi-isotropic solution is presented and compared with the general solution of the pure dilaton gravity. Possible cosmological models are analyzed from the point of view of the pre-big bang scenario. The second order solutions are found and their growing and decaying parts are studied.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figur

Raman spectroscopic analysis of cell differentiation and death modes

Raman spectroscopy provides opportunities for non-invasive, non-destructive, label-free analysis of cell states based on changes in the biochemical composition of cells. We are investigating the suitability of Raman spectroscopy to assess the stages of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation towards pancreatic insulin-positive cells. Raman microspectrometry analysis has revealed macromolecular composition differences over time that distinguished cell populations differentiating to pancreatic cell types, such as by an increase in the protein-to-nucleic acid signal ratio and to distinguish the presence of insulin. Added insight into these macromolecular changes were provided by principal component analysis (PCA) of the data. However, the application of PCA can be difficult to interpret. The usefulness of non-negative matrix factorization was explored to improve the interpretability of overlapping Raman bands. We demonstrated the utility of this procedure by analyzing spectra to determine the cellular insulin or glucagon content. Thus, Raman spectroscopy can detect such differences in cells to detect the desired product as well as the potential to detect residual hESCs or the emergence of unwanted cells. We also investigated the suitability of Raman spectroscopy to detect the onset and types of cell death. Apoptotic, necrotic or autophagic Chinese Hamster Ovary cells were compared to uninduced cultures using Raman spectroscopy and PCA. Furthermore, uninduced cells were compared to cells sorted at different stages of apoptosis to determine how early the onset of apoptosis could be detected. Changes were observed in several peaks during the course of cell death, with repeated changes observed in nucleic acid- and lipid-associated peaks, enabling the distinction of cell death modes. Application of such death monitoring capabilities to cellular therapy cultures should be even more useful, given the need for more process analytical technologies to address the often more variable performance of these cultures, especially when adaptive control is needed for primary cell derived manufacturing

Does co-creation impact public service delivery?:The importance of state and governance traditions

Co-creation in public service delivery requires partnerships between citizens and civil servants. The authors argue that whether or not these partnerships will be successful depends on state and governance traditions (for example a tradition of authority sharing or consultation). These traditions determine the extent to which co-creation can become institutionalized in a country’s governance framework

A systematic practice review: providing palliative care for people with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers

Background: People with Parkinson’s disease has significant and increasing physical, psychosocial and spiritual needs, as well as problems with coordination and continuity of care. Despite the benefits that palliative care could offer, there is no consensus on how it should be delivered. Aim: The aim of this study is to provide a pragmatic overview of the evidence to make clinical recommendations to improve palliative care for people with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers. Design:A systematic review method was adopted to determine the strength of evidence, supported by feedback from an expert panel, to generate the ‘do’, ‘do not do’ and ‘do not know’ recommendations for palliative care. Data sources: Searches were conducted via OVID to access CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from 01/01/2006 to 31/05/2021. An additional search was conducted in December 2022. The search was limited to articles that included empirical studies of approaches to enabling palliative care. Results: A total of 62 studies met inclusion criteria. There is evidence that education about palliative care and movement disorders is essential. palliative care should be multi-disciplinary, individualised and coordinated. Proactive involvement and support of caregivers throughout the illness is recommended. Limited data provide referral indicators for palliative care integration. Discussions about advance care planning should be held early.Conclusions: Consideration of palliative care integration based on symptom burden and personal preferences, coordination and continuity of care are needed to maintain the quality of life of people with Parkinson’s disease and their caregivers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio