Crescimento e respostas hematológicas de tambaquis alimentados com diferentes quantidades de mandioca (Manihot esculenta)

Tambaqui,Colossoma macropomum is a fish of primary importance in Brazilian aquaculture and in the Amazon region in particular. The aim of this work is to analyze the combined effects of physical training and levels of dietary cassava (Manihot esculenta) on the hematological parameters, food intake, conversion efficiency, growth ratio and swimming performance of this fish. A diet for tambaqui consisting of 30% cassava caused decreases in weight gain and specific growth rate compared with the control group. Diets containing 15% or 45% cassava did not affect these indices and did not cause hematological changes in tambaqui juveniles, indicating that some amount of cassava can be used as an alternative energy source for this important aquaculture species.Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum, é um peixe de importância fundamental na aquicultura do Brasil e, em particular, na Região Amazônica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito combinado do treinamento físico com diferentes níveis de macaxeira (Manihot esculenta) na dieta, sobre os parâmetros hematológicos, ingestão alimentar, eficiência de conversão, taxa de crescimento e performance natatória desses peixes. A dieta com 30% de cassava causou diminuição no ganho de peso e na taxa de crescimento específico quando se comparou ao grupo controle. Dietas contendo 15% e 45% de cassava não apresentaram efeito sobre estes índices e não causaram alterações hematológicas significativas em indivíduos juvenis de tambaqui, indicando que estas quantidades de cassava podem ser administradas como alternativa de fonte de energia para essa importante espécie na aquicultura

Hematological parameters of three freshwater stingray species (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) in the middle Rio Negro, Amazonas state.

This paper aimed to study and compare the hematology of newborns, young, subadults, adult males, adult females and pregnant females of Potamotrygon wallacei (cururu stingray), Potamotrygon motoro and Paratrygon aiereba. Newborn cururu stingrays had lower red blood parameters than those of other development stages. Thrombograms and leukograms showed a conservative pattern between development stage, sexual dimorphism and pregnancy. In P. motoro and P. aiereba, variables relating to red blood parameters, biochemistry and leukograms showed little variation between the species' biological characteristics, thus showing that these variables are not good criteria for differentiating them within the same species. In conclusion, the development stage is an important factor for differentiating hematological properties in the cururu stingray, while this has not been observed in P. motoro and P. aiereba stingrays

Óleo de palma (Elaeis Guineenses Jacq.) na alimentação de ovinos, desaparecimento ruminal da matéria seca, matéria orgânica e proteína bruta.

Avaliou-se pela, técnica in situ, o desaparecimento ruminal da matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO) e proteína bruta (PB) da silagem de capim elefante e do concentrado em ovinos alimentados com inclusões de 0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; e 10% de óleo bruto de palma na MS total da dieta. Foram utilizadas dez ovelhas adultas, canuladas no rúmen distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com uma repetição no tempo, totalizando 4 repetições por tratamento As dietas constituíam de silagem de capim elefante e concentrado a base grão de milho moído, farelo de soja e mistura mineral, oferecidas na razão de 1,5% do peso vivo (dieta restrita) mantendo-se relação volumoso:concentrado de 1:1. A adição de óleo de palma reduziu (P<0,05) a degradação dos parâmetros avaliados somente na dieta que conteve 10% de inclusão de óleo. O desaparecimento da PB, no entanto, não foi afetado com as inclusões da fonte lipídica. Houve aumento (P<0,05) no desaparecimento até às 72 horas de incubação. Conclui-se que 10% de óleo de dendê na dieta de ovinos deprime o desaparecimento ruminal da MS e MO, mas não a ponto de inviabilizar sua utilização nesta concentração

Comunicar ciencia en México: fundamentos, estudios y experiencias

Este libro representa un nuevo hito en la consolidación de los estudios sobre comunicación, ciencia y cultura en América Latina pues articula un extenso intercambio de voces y experiencias que nutren la reflexión y el debate colectivo sobre el conocimiento tecnocientífico y su comunicación pública y destaca la participación profesional de las mujeres en este campo, así como los modos en que la comunicación pública de la ciencia en México se ha ido desplazando del conocimiento científico, en sí mismo, para centrarse en la comprensión y puesta en común de las muy complejas y diversas problemáticas que impactan la vida social y natural.ITESO, A.C

Kinase Inhibitor Screening Displayed ALK as a Possible Therapeutic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer

Despite advances in cancer chemotherapy, gastric cancer (GC) continues to have high recurrence rates and poor prognosis with limited treatment options. Understanding the etiology of GC and developing more effective, less harmful therapeutic approaches are vital and urgent. Therefore, this work describes a novel kinase target in malignant gastric cells as a potential therapeutic strategy. Our results demonstrate that among 147 kinase inhibitors (KI), only three molecules were significantly cytotoxic for the AGP-01 cell line. Hence, these three molecules were further characterized in their cellular mode of action. There was significant cell cycle impairment due to the expression modulation of genes such as TP53, CDKN1A, CDC25A, MYC, and CDK2 with subsequent induction of apoptosis. In fact, the Gene Ontology analysis revealed a significant enrichment of pathways related to cell cycle regulation (GO:1902749 and GO:1903047). Moreover, the three selected KIs significantly reduced cell migration and Vimentin mRNA expression after treatment. Surprisingly, the three KIs share the same target, ALK and INSR, but only the ALK gene was found to have a high expression level in the gastric cancer cell line. Additionally, lower survival rates were observed for patients with high ALK expression in TCGA-STAD analysis. In summary, we hypothesize that ALK gene overexpression can be a promising biomarker for prognosis and therapeutic management of gastric adenocarcinoma

Assessing the diversity of whiteflies infesting cassava in Brazil.

Background. The necessity of a competent vector for transmission is a primary ecological factor driving the host range expansion of plant arthropod-borne viruses, with vectors playing an essential role in disease emergence. Cassava begomoviruses severely constrain cassava production in Africa. Curiously, begomoviruses have never been reported in cassava in South America, the center of origin for this crop. It has been hypothesized that the absence of a competent vector in cassava is the reason why begomoviruses have not emerged in South America. Methods. We performed a country-wide whitefly diversity study in cassava in Brazil. Adults and/or nymphs of whiteflies were collected from sixty-six cassava fields in the main agroecological zones of the country. A total of 1,385 individuals were genotyped based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences. Results. A high species richness was observed, with five previously described species and two putative new ones. The prevalent species were Tetraleurodes acaciae and Bemisia tuberculata, representing over 75% of the analyzed individuals. Although we detected, for the first time, the presence of Bemisia tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (BtMEAM1) colonizing cassava in Brazil, it was not prevalent. The species composition varied across regions, with fields in the Northeast region showing a higher diversity. These results expand our knowledge of whitefly diversity in cassava and support the hypothesis that begomovirus epidemics have not occurred in cassava in Brazil due to the absence of competent vector populations. However, they indicate an ongoing adaptation process of BtMEAM1 to cassava, increasing the likelihood of begomovirus emergence in this cro