A displaced T type intercondylar distal humerus fracture with radial nerve palsy in a 10-year-old treated by closed reduction and K wire fixation

T type intercondylar fractures of the distal hummers in the pediatric age group is an extremely rare injury. These fractures are difficult to diagnosed as they can be mistaken for extension type injuries. The few clinal trials on the management of the fracture, it is widely regarded that the accepted method of treatment is open reduction and rigid internal fixation. It is easier to ensure stable articular reconstruction of the intra articular fragments by this method. Open reduction and internal fixation of there fractures are associated with high complication rate, which include wound site problems, non-union due to periosteal stripping, heterotrophic ossification and iatrogenic nerve injury. Large soft tissue dissection can also lead to vascular compromise and significant scar tissue which is associated with a stiff elbow. We present a case of a 10-year-old boy who sustained an intercondylar fracture with radial nerve palsy which was treated by closed reduction and Kirshner wire fixation with excellent results at 1 year follow up

First Evidence for Substrate Channeling between Proline Catabolic Enzymes \u3ci\u3eA VALIDATION OF DOMAIN FUSION ANALYSIS FOR PREDICTING PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS\u3c/i\u3e

Background: PRODH and P5CDH from Thermus thermophilus are monofunctional enzymes in proline catabolism. Results: Steady-state kinetics and intermediate trapping data show the PRODH and P5CDH reactions are coupled by a channeling step. Conclusion: Substrate channeling in monofunctional enzymes is achieved via weak interactions. Significance: Evidence for substrate channeling between monofunctional proline catabolic enzymes is shown and confirms the Rosetta Stone hypothesis

Evidence for Hysteretic Substrate Channeling in the Proline Dehydrogenaseand ∆\u3csup\u3e1\u3c/sup\u3e-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate Dehydrogenase Coupled Reaction of Proline UtilizationA(PutA)

Background: PutA from Escherichia coli is a bifunctional enzyme and transcriptional repressor in proline catabolism. Results: Steady-state and transient kinetic data revealed a mechanism in which the two enzymatic reactions are coupled by an activation step. Conclusion: Substrate channeling in PutA exhibits hysteretic behavior. Significance: This is the first kinetic model of bi-enzyme activity in PutA and reveals a novel mechanism of channeling activation

Fator social versus tecnologia utilitária: marketing social versus mercado utilitário

Technical service and convergence have been expanding and modifying the use of products and services in the telecommunications sector, generating new markets and expanding their demographic targets through different characteristics of usage. The article developed here presents qualitative research through the netnographic study (e.g. a new structure of qualitative evaluation is used, in which thematic discussions are gathered from websites based on key words used, afterwards passing through a codification and interpretation process in reference to researched factors) based on consumers and their behaviors concerning the iPhone which is a mobile device from Apple with many integrated features and convergence in services. This study evaluated the utilitarian and social / hedonistic factors, finding that the sector market has a new series of services, attracting new groups of users to its context, and resulting in the type of marketing becoming more and more diversified. The social factor (personal image) is highlighted as a primary factor in the selection and device usage, where the actual market and product marketing are increasingly stimulating utility as a social value. Identifying the mobile phone as a utilitarian product based on kind of service and proposed system usage, leads one to believe that the utilitarian market changes its meaning when a certain quantity of integrations are highly hedonistic in their diverse uses, as well as the hedonistic and social values. The authors define the usage of a technological product with many integrated hedonisms as useful social behavior, where the product usefulness becomes social (personal presentation or individual enjoyment).A expansão e a convergência tecnológica de serviços vêm ampliando e modificando a utilização de produtos e serviços no setor telecomunicações, criando um novo mercado e ampliando seu público alvo pelas diversas características de utilização. O artigo desenvolvido apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa, pelo estudo netnográfico (uma nova estrutura de avaliação qualitativa, onde discussões temáticas são retiradas de websites de confiança para serem organizados dado às palavras chaves utilizadas, passando posteriormente por um processo de codificação e interpretação sobre os fatores pesquisados) baseado no consumo e comportamento do uso do iPhone, aparelho móvel celular com diversas integrações de produtos e convergências de serviços. Nesta pesquisa, foram avaliados os fatores utilitários e sociais / hedônicos, apresentando que o mercado do setor possui uma nova gama de serviços, atraindo novos grupos de usuários ao seu contexto, deixando assim cada vez mais diversificado o tipo de marketing utilizado no setor. O fator social (imagem pessoal) é apontado como fator primário na decisão de escolha e uso do dispositivo, onde a apresentação no mercado e marketing para estes produtos estimulam cada vez mais a utilidade como um valor social. Identificando o dispositivo celular como um produto utilitário dado o tipo de serviço e utilização a que este se propõe, acredita-se que este mercado utilitário muda seu sentido quando certa quantidade de integrações são hedônicas amplificando a diversificação de uso, os valores sociais e hedônicos. Os autores definem este uso de um produto tecnológico com diversas integrações hedônicas como um comportamento utilitário social, onde a utilidade do produto passa a ser social (apresentação pessoal ou diversão individual)

First Evidence for Substrate Channeling between Proline Catabolic Enzymes \u3ci\u3eA VALIDATION OF DOMAIN FUSION ANALYSIS FOR PREDICTING PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS\u3c/i\u3e

Background: PRODH and P5CDH from Thermus thermophilus are monofunctional enzymes in proline catabolism. Results: Steady-state kinetics and intermediate trapping data show the PRODH and P5CDH reactions are coupled by a channeling step. Conclusion: Substrate channeling in monofunctional enzymes is achieved via weak interactions. Significance: Evidence for substrate channeling between monofunctional proline catabolic enzymes is shown and confirms the Rosetta Stone hypothesis

New tools for self-organized pattern formation

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Evidence for Hysteretic Substrate Channeling in the Proline Dehydrogenaseand ∆\u3csup\u3e1\u3c/sup\u3e-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate Dehydrogenase Coupled Reaction of Proline UtilizationA(PutA)

Background: PutA from Escherichia coli is a bifunctional enzyme and transcriptional repressor in proline catabolism. Results: Steady-state and transient kinetic data revealed a mechanism in which the two enzymatic reactions are coupled by an activation step. Conclusion: Substrate channeling in PutA exhibits hysteretic behavior. Significance: This is the first kinetic model of bi-enzyme activity in PutA and reveals a novel mechanism of channeling activation

Increasing prevalence of cirrhosis among insured adults in the United States, 2012–2018

Background Liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease that is known as a “silent killer” and its true prevalence is difficult to describe. It is imperative to accurately characterize the prevalence of cirrhosis because of its increasing healthcare burden. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, trends in cirrhosis prevalence were evaluated using administrative data from one of the largest national health insurance providers in the US. (2011–2018). Enrolled adult (≥18-years-old) patients with cirrhosis defined by ICD-9 and ICD-10 were included in the study. The primary outcome measured in the study was the prevalence of cirrhosis 2011–2018. Results Among the 371,482 patients with cirrhosis, the mean age was 62.2 (±13.7) years; 53.3% had commercial insurance and 46.4% had Medicare Advantage. The most frequent cirrhosis etiologies were alcohol-related (26.0%), NASH (20.9%) and HCV (20.0%). Mean time of follow-up was 725 (±732.3) days. The observed cirrhosis prevalence was 0.71% in 2018, a 2-fold increase from 2012 (0.34%). The highest prevalence observed was among patients with Medicare Advantage insurance (1.67%) in 2018. Prevalence increased in each US. state, with Southern states having the most rapid rise (2.3-fold). The most significant increases were observed in patients with NASH (3.9-fold) and alcohol-related (2-fold) cirrhosis. Conclusion Between 2012–2018, the prevalence of liver cirrhosis doubled among insured patients. Alcohol-related and NASH cirrhosis were the most significant contributors to this increase. Patients living in the South, and those insured by Medicare Advantage also have disproportionately higher prevalence of cirrhosis. Public health interventions are important to mitigate this concerning trajectory of strain to the health system