Complete structure of Z_n Yukawa couplings

We give the complete twisted Yukawa couplings for all the Z_n orbifold constructions in the most general case, i.e. when orbifold deformations are considered. This includes a certain number of tasks. Namely, determination of the allowed couplings, calculation of the explicit dependence of the Yukawa couplings values on the moduli expectation values (i.e. the parameters determining the size and shape of the compactified space), etc. The final expressions are completely explicit, which allows a counting of the DIFFERENT Yukawa couplings for each orbifold (with and without deformations). This knowledge is crucial to determine the phenomenological viability of the different schemes, since it is directly related to the fermion mass hierarchy. Other facts concerning the phenomenological profile of Z_n orbifolds are also discussed, e.g. the existence of non--diagonal entries in the fermion mass matrices, which is related to a non--trivial structure of the Kobayashi--Maskawa matrix. Finally some theoretical results are given, e.g. the no--participation of (1,2) moduli in twisted Yukawa couplings. Likewise, (1,1) moduli associated with fixed tori which are involved in the Yukawa coupling, do not affect the value of the coupling.Comment: 60 page

Flight path analysis in sounding rocket “Libertador I” with computational simulation on three degrees of freedom

This paper presents obtained results from computer simulations in order to analyze the flight path of the sounding rocket Libertador I, developed in 2012 at the Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores. The main aspects that affect the motion of a rocket are propulsion and aerodynamics effects. Numerical algorithms were implemented to value the thrust provided by the rocket motor as well as aerodynamic loads. Then, the differential equations of the motion are solved using the Runge-Kutta method, RK9. Trajectory and other numerical results are calculated from a code developed in FORTRAN. Finally, graphs of the flight path, curves of the vehicle velocity as function of time are presented. Also, the algorithm permits to determine the maximum altitude and possible impact sites.Facultad de Ingenierí

Flight path analysis in sounding rocket “Libertador I” with computational simulation on three degrees of freedom

This paper presents obtained results from computer simulations in order to analyze the flight path of the sounding rocket Libertador I, developed in 2012 at the Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores. The main aspects that affect the motion of a rocket are propulsion and aerodynamics effects. Numerical algorithms were implemented to value the thrust provided by the rocket motor as well as aerodynamic loads. Then, the differential equations of the motion are solved using the Runge-Kutta method, RK9. Trajectory and other numerical results are calculated from a code developed in FORTRAN. Finally, graphs of the flight path, curves of the vehicle velocity as function of time are presented. Also, the algorithm permits to determine the maximum altitude and possible impact sites.Facultad de Ingenierí

Validación con datos in-situ de alturas de ola obtenidas mediante radar altimétrico

Los rádares altimétricos a bordo de satélites artificiales, han sido diseñados para dar información precisa de la altura del nivel del mar, la altura de ola significante y la velocidad del viento sobre la superficie del mar. En los estudios, tanto anteriores como actuales, se observan problemas en las regiones costeras, donde las medidas del altímetro tienen menor precisión y una mayor dificultad a la hora de interpretar estos datos. Estos inconvenientes son debidos a dos factores principales. En primer lugar, la contaminación de la señal radar debido a la cercanía de la costa. En segundo lugar, inexactitudes en las correcciones de marea y troposférica húmeda. A estos problemas se añade la complejidad de la zona de estudio, al ser una región con una amplia gama de procesos hidrodinámicos con diversas escalas espacio-temporales. Tener acceso a información exacta en la costa, con las condiciones que conlleva, tiene una gran importancia debido al enorme interés económico-estratégico de la zona litoral. Este interés hace que surjan nuevas estrategias para generar productos altimétricos optimizados para tales condiciones. Las medidas de la altura de ola significante y su variabilidad en las áreas costeras son usadas para muchos propósitos (por ejemplo, análisis del transporte de sedimento, setup de la ola y tormentas de marea), y para la validación/calibración de modelos (pronóstico de oleaje, circulación oceánica). Estas aplicaciones sirven para un amplio rango de propósitos sociales relevantes, tales como el diseño de estructuras de ingeniería en alta mar, la protección de las zonas costeras, rutas para los buques y la planificación de las operaciones en el océano. Muchos estudios se han dedicado a la validación de los datos de la altura de ola significante dados por el radar altimétrico a bordo de satélites artificiales, utilizando observaciones in-situ. El objetivo de esta ponencia es exponer una metodología para validar los datos de altura de oleaje proporcionados por el radar altimétrico RA-2 a bordo del satélite ENVISAT, a partir de datos in-situ medidos por una boya, y su aplicación a un caso particular

Gene deficiency in activating Fcγ receptors influences the macrophage phenotypic balance and reduces atherosclerosis in mice

Immunity contributes to arterial inflammation during atherosclerosis. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins induce an autoimmune response characterized by specific antibodies and immune complexes in atherosclerotic patients. We hypothesize that specific Fcγ receptors for IgG constant region participate in atherogenesis by regulating the inflammatory state of lesional macrophages. In vivo we examined the role of activating Fcγ receptors in atherosclerosis progression using bone marrow transplantation from mice deficient in γ-chain (the common signaling subunit of activating Fcγ receptors) to hyperlipidemic mice. Hematopoietic deficiency of Fcγ receptors significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion size, which was associated with decreased number of macrophages and T lymphocytes, and increased T regulatory cell function. Lesions of Fcγ receptor deficient mice exhibited increased plaque stability, as evidenced by higher collagen and smooth muscle cell content and decreased apoptosis. These effects were independent of changes in serum lipids and antibody response to oxidized low-density lipoproteins. Activating Fcγ receptor deficiency reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression, nuclear factor-κB activity, and M1 macrophages at the lesion site, while increasing anti-inflammatory genes and M2 macrophages. The decreased inflammation in the lesions was mirrored by a reduced number of classical inflammatory monocytes in blood. In vitro, lack of activating Fcγ receptors attenuated foam cell formation, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory gene expression, and increased M2-associated genes in murine macrophages. Our study demonstrates that activating Fcγ receptors influence the macrophage phenotypic balance in the artery wall of atherosclerotic mice and suggests that modulation of Fcγ receptor-mediated inflammatory responses could effectively suppress atherosclerosis

Magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles as theranostic platforms for magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery and NIR hyperthermia applications

PEGylated magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles with a hollow or semi-hollow interior have been successfully synthesized and their physico-chemical characteristics have been investigated. The hollow interior space can be used to store drugs or other molecules of interest whereas magnetic characterization shows their potential as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. In addition, their plasmonic characteristics in the near infrared (NIR) region make them efficient in photothermal applications producing high temperature gradients after short irradiation times. We show that by controlling the etching conditions the inner silica shell can be selectively dissolved to achieve a hollow or semi-hollow interior without compromising the magnetic or plasmonic characteristics of the resulting nanoparticles. Magnetic measurements and transmission electron microscopy observations have been used to demonstrate the precise control during the etching process and to select an optimal concentration of the etching reagent and contact time to preserve the inner superparamagnetic iron oxide-based nanoparticles and the plasmonic properties of the constructs. Drug loading capabilities were also evaluated for both semi-hollow and as-synthesized nanoparticles using Rhodamine B isothiocyanate as a model compound. The nanoparticles produced could be potentially used as “theranostic” nanoparticles with both imaging capabilities and a dual therapeutic function (drug delivery and hyperthermia)

Position Control of a Quadrotor under External Constant Disturbance

International audienceIn the present work, an adaptive backstepping algorithm is developed in order to counteract the effects of disturbances. These disturbances are modeled as a constant force in the translational model part and as a constant torque in the orientation model part. We make the deduction of the mathematical expression for the proposed control algorithm and also we show its performance in simulation. Additionally, we include some experiments for validating the results obtained via simulation

Integration of Marine Spatial Planning and Terrestrial Spatial Planning and its implementation in Spain

On February 28th, 2023, Spanish Royal Decree 150/2023 as published, approving the plans for the management of the maritime space of the five Spanish marine demarcations. This Royal Decree Law inaugurates the Planning of the Maritime Space in Spain. Terrestrial Space Planning is very advanced, both in the legislation and in the instruments that are enabled to organize this space, from the national scale to the municipal scale, passing through the regional, provincial, and supra-municipal scales. Naturally, both Planning must converge and thus speak of an Integrated Space Planning. In some of the countries that we can take as global references, this convergence in the form of integration is taking place. On the other hand, and within the context of climate change, coastal cities will be the most affected, both by the potential rise in sea level and by the increasingly continuous and greater extreme events. Integrated Space Planning is postulated as the most effective tool to carry out adequate territorial and urban planning of our coastal cities, as well as to analyse the influence and possible corrective measures to apply against the effects produced by climate change