Magneto-optical effects on the emission of self-trapped exciton perturbed by Na impurity in CsI:Na crystal

The tunnelling recombination of trapped holes (VK) and electron (Na0)pairs in CsI:Na crystal was studied by optical detection of ESR and magnetic CD in the 420 nm emission. A model explains the data and allows determine of the tunnelling probabilities

Optical properties of F centers in KCN crystal

Absorption, excitation and emission spectra of F centers in KCN were measured between 4.5-175 K. Due to the cubic to orthorhombic structural phase transition at 168 K, the F band splits into 3 components. Their properties in the antiferroelectric phase (T <83 K) are explained by an internal Stark effect due to the local electric field. The single emission band has a decay time of 21.5 ns at 4.5 K

Magnetooptic properties of self-trapped excitons in cesium halides

A model for the electronic structure of self-trapped excitons in Cs halides is proposed. By applying it, reasonable interpretations were obtained for the magnetic circular polarization (MCP) of the 2 intrinsic emissions in CsI, and for the MCP and EPR in CsBr

Physicians’ experience with follow-up care of childhood cancer survivors – Challenges and needs

BACKGROUND: Regular follow-up care is essential for childhood cancer survivors, but we know little about physicians’ experience with it. We aimed to describe: (1) involvement of Swiss physicians in follow-up care; (2) content of follow-up care provided; (3) problems encountered; and (4) additional resources needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within this cross-sectional survey we sent adapted questionnaires via professional associations to a sample of medical oncologists (MOs), paediatric oncologists (POs), general practitioners (GPs) and paediatricians (P) in Switzerland. Only oncologists involved in follow-up care were asked to report problems. GPs and Ps not involved in follow-up could indicate why. All physicians were asked about the content of follow-up care provided and additional resources needed. RESULTS: A total of 183 physicians responded (27 MO, 13 PO, 122 GP, 21 P). Involved in follow-up were 81% of MOs, 85% of POs, 39% of GPs and 81% of Ps. Follow-up content differed between oncologists (MO and PO) and generalists (GP and P), with generalists examining or informing less in regard to the former cancer. POs reported more problems than MOs: many POs reported problems with transition of survivors to adult care (91%), and because of financial resources (73%) and time restraints (73%). MOs reported most problems during transition (23%). Not being aware of a survivor was the most common reason for GPs and Ps not participating in followup (74%). All groups reported a need for standardised protocols (85–91%) and specialised training (55–73%). GPs (94%) and Ps (100%) additionally desired more support from oncologists. CONCLUSIONS: To improve quality and efficiency of follow-up care a national follow-up care model including standardised protocols and guidelines needs to be developed

Numerical 3+1 general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics: a local characteristic approach

We present a general procedure to solve numerically the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) equations within the framework of the 3+1 formalism. The work reported here extends our previous investigation in general relativistic hydrodynamics (Banyuls et al. 1997) where magnetic fields were not considered. The GRMHD equations are written in conservative form to exploit their hyperbolic character in the solution procedure. All theoretical ingredients necessary to build up high-resolution shock-capturing schemes based on the solution of local Riemann problems (i.e. Godunov-type schemes) are described. In particular, we use a renormalized set of regular eigenvectors of the flux Jacobians of the relativistic magnetohydrodynamics equations. In addition, the paper describes a procedure based on the equivalence principle of general relativity that allows the use of Riemann solvers designed for special relativistic magnetohydrodynamics in GRMHD. Our formulation and numerical methodology are assessed by performing various test simulations recently considered by different authors. These include magnetized shock tubes, spherical accretion onto a Schwarzschild black hole, equatorial accretion onto a Kerr black hole, and magnetized thick accretion disks around a black hole prone to the magnetorotational instability.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Ap