Open Virtual Structure Constants and Mirror Computation of Open Gromov-Witten Invariants of Projective Hypersurfaces

In this paper, we generalize Walcher's computation of the open Gromov-Witten invariants of the quintic hypersurface to Fano and Calabi-Yau projective hypersurfaces. Our main tool is the open virtual structure constants. We also propose the generalized mirror transformation for the open Gromov-Witten invariants, some parts of which are proven explicitly. We also discuss possible modification of the multiple covering formula for the case of higher dimensional Calabi-Yau manifolds. The generalized disk invariants for some Calabi-Yau and Fano manifolds are shown and they are certainly integers after re-summation by the modified multiple covering formula. This paper also contains the direct integration method of the period integrals for higher dimensional Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in the appendix.Comment: 24pages, 5figure

Spectroscopic and asteroseismic analysis of the remarkable main-sequence A star KIC 11145123

A spectroscopic analysis was carried out to clarify the properties of KIC 11145123 -- the first main-sequence star with a determination of core-to-surface rotation -- based on spectra observed with the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) of the Subaru telescope. The atmospheric parameters ($T_{\rm eff} = 7600$ K, $\log g = 4.2$, $\xi = 3.1$ km s$^{-1}$ and ${\rm [Fe/H]} = -0.71$ dex), the radial and rotation velocities, and elemental abundances were obtained by analysing line strengths and fitting line profiles, which were calculated with a 1D LTE model atmosphere. The main properties of KIC 11145123 are: (1) A low ${\rm [Fe/H]} = -0.71\pm0.11$ dex and a high radial velocity of $-135.4 \pm 0.2$ km s$^{-1}$. These are remarkable among late-A stars. Our best asteroseismic models with this low [Fe/H] have slightly high helium abundance and low masses of 1.4 M$_\odot$. All of these results strongly suggest that KIC 11145123 is a Population II blue straggler; (2) The projected rotation velocity confirms the asteroseismically predicted slow rotation of the star; (3) Comparisons of abundance patterns between KIC 11145123 and Am, Ap, and blue stragglers show that KIC 11145123 is neither an Am star nor an Ap star, but has abundances consistent with a blue straggler. We conclude that the remarkably long 100-d rotation period of this star is a consequence of it being a blue straggler, but both pathways for the formation of blue stragglers -- merger and mass loss in a binary system -- pose difficulties for our understanding of the exceedingly slow rotation. In particular, we show that there is no evidence of any secondary companion star, and we put stringent limits on the possible mass of any such purported companion through the phase modulation (PM) technique.Comment: 19 pages, of which the final 7 are appendixed data tables. Ten figures, some of which do require colour. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Confocal microphotoluminescence of InGaN-based light-emitting diodes

Spatially resolved photoluminescence (PL) of InGaN/GaN/AlGaN-based quantum-well-structured light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a yellow-green light (530 nm) and an amber light (600 nm) was measured by using confocal microscopy. Submicron-scale spatial inhomogeneities of both PL intensities and spectra were found in confocal micro-PL images. We also found clear correlations between PL intensities and peak wavelength for both LEDs. Such correlations for yellow-green and amber LEDs were different from the reported correlations for blue or green LEDs. This discrepancy should be due to different diffusion, localization, and recombination dynamics of electron-hole pairs generated in InGaN active layers, and should be a very important property for influencing the optical properties of LEDs. In order to explain the results, we proposed a possible carrier dynamics model based on the carrier localization and partial reduction of the quantum confinement Stark effect depending on an indium composition in InGaN active layers. By using this model, we also considered the origin of the reduction of the emission efficiencies with a longer emission wavelength of InGaN LEDs with high indium composition

Detection-dependent six-photon NOON state interference

NOON state interference (NOON-SI) is a powerful tool to improve the phase sensing precision, and can play an important role in quantum sensing and quantum imaging. However, most of the previous NOON-SI experiments only investigated the center part of the interference pattern, while the full range of the NOON-SI pattern has not yet been well explored.In this Letter, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate up to six-photon NOON-SI and study the properties of the interference patterns over the full range.The multi-photons were generated at a wavelength of 1584 nm from a PPKTP crystal in a parametric down conversion process.It was found that the shape, the coherence time and the visibility of the interference patterns were strongly dependent on the detection schemes.This experiment can be used for applications which are based on the envelope of the NOON-SI pattern, such as quantum spectroscopy and quantum metrology.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide Enhance Pneumococcal Quorum Sensing

The use of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PPS)-based vaccines has resulted in a substantial reduction in invasive pneumococcal disease. However, much remains to be learned about vaccine-mediated immunity, as seven-valent PPS-protein conjugate vaccine use in children has been associated with nonvaccine serotype replacement and 23-valent vaccine use in adults has not prevented pneumococcal pneumonia. In this report, we demonstrate that certain PPS-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) enhance the transformation frequency of two different Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. This phenomenon was mediated by PPS-specific MAbs that agglutinate but do not promote opsonic effector cell killing of the homologous serotype in vitro. Compared to the autoinducer, competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) alone, transcriptional profiling of pneumococcal gene expression after incubation with CSP and one such MAb to the PPS of serotype 3 revealed changes in the expression of competence (com)-related and bacteriocin-like peptide (blp) genes involved in pneumococcal quorum sensing. This MAb was also found to induce a nearly 2-fold increase in CSP2-mediated bacterial killing or fratricide. These observations reveal a novel, direct effect of PPS-binding MAbs on pneumococcal biology that has important implications for antibody immunity to pneumococcus in the pneumococcal vaccine era. Taken together, our data suggest heretofore unsuspected mechanisms by which PPS-specific antibodies could affect genetic exchange and bacterial viability in the absence of host cells

Unambiguous quantum state filtering

In this paper, we consider the generalized measurement where one particular quantum signal is unambiguously extracted from a set of non-commutative quantum signals and the other signals are filtered out. Simple expressions for the maximum detection probability and its POVM are derived. We applyl such unambiguous quantum state filtering to evaluation of the sensing of decoherence channels. The bounds of the precision limit for a given quantum state of probes and possible device implementations are discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Quantum channel of continuous variable teleportation and nonclassicality of quantum states

Noisy teleportation of nonclassical quantum states via a two-mode squeezed-vacuum state is studied with the completely positive map and the Glauber-Sudarshan $P$-function. Using the nonclassical depth as a measure of transmission performance, we compare the teleportation scheme with the direct transmission through a noisy channel. The noise model is based on the coupling to the vacuum field. It is shown that the teleportation channel has better transmission performance than the direct transmission channel in a certain region. The bounds for such region and for obtaining the nonvanished nonclassicality of the teleported quantum states are also discussed. Our model shows a reasonable agreement with the observed teleportation fidelity in the experiment by Furusawa et al. [Science {\bf 282}, 706 (1998)]. We finally mention the required conditions for transmitting nonclassical features in real experiments.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure