9,264 research outputs found
Barriers to accessing psychological treatment for medium to high risk male young offenders
Within the young offender population, rates of personality disorder and mood disorders are considerably higher than both the general and adult offender population. Despite this high level of need and high risk of harm, psychological services within prisons are widely underutilized. Little is known about the barriers to accessing treatment for young offenders. This study investigated barriers to accessing psychological treatment for male young offenders detained in a UK prison. There were 128 participants, aged 18–21. A cross-sectional design compared self-reported barriers and psychological distress for Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) and White young offenders not accessing treatment, as well as those who were. A preference for self-reliance, a lack of trust in the prison system, lengthy waiting times and a general reluctance to talk about emotions were the most commonly cited barriers. BME young offenders not engaged in treatment reported significantly more barriers to accessing treatment than BME young offenders who were engaged in treatment, but both BME groups had equal levels of psychological distress. There was no significant difference between BME and White young offenders in the number of barriers reported, including stigma barriers. Future research should evaluate interventions to increase access for this marginalised population
Geoids in General Relativity: Geoid Quasilocal Frames
We develop, in the context of general relativity, the notion of a geoid -- a
surface of constant "gravitational potential". In particular, we show how this
idea naturally emerges as a specific choice of a previously proposed, more
general and operationally useful construction called a quasilocal frame -- that
is, a choice of a two-parameter family of timelike worldlines comprising the
worldtube boundary of the history of a finite spatial volume. We study the
geometric properties of these geoid quasilocal frames, and construct solutions
for them in some simple spacetimes. We then compare these results -- focusing
on the computationally tractable scenario of a non-rotating body with a
quadrupole perturbation -- against their counterparts in Newtonian gravity (the
setting for current applications of the geoid), and we compute
general-relativistic corrections to some measurable geometric quantities.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures; v2: reference added; v3: introduction clarified,
reference adde
C60 adsorption on an aperiodically modulated Cu surface
Copper deposited on the ve-fold surface of icosahedral Al-Pd-Mn forms domains of a structure whose surface has a one-dimensional aperiodic modulation. It is shown that C60
deposited on this aperiodic film has highly reduced mobility as compared to C60 deposited on periodic Cu surfaces. This fnding is explained in terms of the recently proposed structural model of this system
Nucleation and growth of a quasicrystalline monolayer: Bi adsorption on the five-fold surface of i-Al70Pd21Mn9
Scanning tunnelling microscopy has been used to study the formation of a Bi
monolayer deposited on the five-fold surface of i-Al70Pd21Mn9. Upon deposition
of low sub-monolayer coverages, the nucleation of pentagonal clusters of Bi
adatoms of edge length 4.9 A is observed. The clusters have a common
orientation leading to a film with five-fold symmetry. By inspection of images
where both the underlying surface and the Bi atoms are resolved, the pentagonal
clusters are found to nucleate on pseudo-Mackay clusters truncated such that a
Mn atom lies centrally in the surface plane. The density of these sites is
sufficient to form a quasiperiodic framework, and subsequent adsorption of Bi
atoms ultimately leads to the formation of a quasicrystalline monolayer. The
initial nucleation site is different to that proposed on the basis of recent
density functional theory calculations.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Formation of a quasicrystalline Pb monolayer on the ten-fold surface of the decagonal Al-Ni-Co quasicrystal
Lead has been deposited on the ten-fold surface of decagonal Al72Ni11Co17 to
form an epitaxial quasicrystalline single-element monolayer. The overlayer
grows through nucleation of nanometer-sized irregular islands and the coverage
saturates at 1 ML. The overlayer is well-ordered quasiperiodically as evidenced
by LEED and Fourier transforms of STM images. Annealing the film to 600 K
improves the structural quality, but causes the evaporation of some material
such that the film develops pores. Electronic structure measurements using
X-ray photoemission spectroscopy indicate that the chemical interaction of the
Pb atoms with the substrate is weak.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
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