165 research outputs found
Antidepressant drugs and the response in the placebo group: the real problem lies in our understanding of the issue
In a recent paper, Horder and colleagues (Horder et al., 2010, J Psychopharmacol 25: 1277â1288) have suggested that the mainproblem in the Kirsch analysis is methodological. We argue that the results are similar irrespective of the method used. In our opinion the data suggest that placebo and drug effects are non-additive: antidepressants act independently of depression severity, while the placebo effect is present only in milder cases. While the response in the placebo group is due to unstable ânoiseâ and âartefactsâ, the medication effect is reliable, valid and stable
ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A MODIFIED KRATZER-FUES FORMULA FOR ROTATION-VIBRATION ENERGY OF DIATOMIC MOLECULES*
An extension of the Kratzer-Fues approach to analytical calculation of the rotation-vibration energy of diatomic molecules is proposed. The eigen -v a l u e s f r o m t h i s a p p r o a c h a r e a p p l i e d i n c a l c u l a t i o n o f t h e r o t a t i o n a l a n d rovibrational energies and in evaluation of molecular constants of selected diatomic molecules, resulting in satisfactory reproduction of experimental frequencies over a wide range of rotational states. In contrast to our previous proposition the rotational dependence of vibration energy is taken into account. An additional set of fitted parameters which include equilibrium distance and dissociation constant was also employed
Eksploatacja telefoniczna. PrzeglÄ d ZagadnieĆ ĆÄ cznoĆci, 1967, nr 3 (66)
Opracowania na podstawie artykuĆĂł
Using coloured filters to reduce the symptoms of visual stress in children with reading delay
Background: Meares Irlen Syndrome (MIS), otherwise known as âvisual stressâ, is one condition that can cause difficulties with reading. Aim: This study aimed to compare the effect of two coloured-filter systems on the symptoms of visual stress in children with reading delay. Methods: The study design was a pre-test, post-test, randomized head-to-head comparison of two filter systems on the symptoms of visual stress in school children. A total of 68 UK mainstream schoolchildren with significant impairment in reading ability completed the study. Results: The filter systems appeared to have a large effect on the reported symptoms between pre and post three-month time points (d = 2.5, r = 0.78). Both filter types appeared to have large effects (Harris d = 1.79, r = 0.69 and DRT d = 3.22, r = 0.85). Importantly, 35% of participantsâ reported that their symptoms had resolved completely; 72% of the 68 children appeared to gain improvements in three or more visual stress symptoms. Conclusion and significance: The reduction in symptoms, which appeared to be brought about by the use of coloured filters, eased the visual discomfort experienced by these children when reading. This type of intervention therefore has the potential to facilitate occupational engagement
Position-specific Performance Indicators that Discriminate between Successful and Unsuccessful Teams in Elite Womenâs Indoor Field Hockey: Implications for Coaching
The aim of this investigation was to establish median performance profiles for the six playing positions in elite womenâs indoor hockey and then identify whether these position-specific profiles could discriminate between qualifying (top four), mid-table and relegated teams in the 2011-12 England Hockey premier league. Successful passing in relegated teams was significantly lower (p<0.008) than in mid-table and qualifying teams in four of the five outfield positions. Furthermore, the right backs of qualifying teams demonstrated significantly fewer (p<0.008) unsuccessful passes (xÌ=15.5 ±CLs 15.0 and 10.0 respectively) and interceptions (xÌ=4.0 ±CLs 4.0 and 3.0 respectively) than relegated teams (xÌ=19.5 ±CLs 21.0 and 17.0; xÌ=7.5 ±CLs 8.0 and 6.0 respectively). Finally, the right forwards of relegated teams demonstrated significantly fewer (p<0.008) successful interceptions (xÌ=4.0 ±CLs 5.0 and 4.0 respectively) than qualifying teams (xÌ=5.0 ±CLs 6.0 and 3.0 respectively) and significantly more (p<0.008) unsuccessful interceptions (xÌ=5.5 ±CLs 6.0 and 4.0 respectively) than mid-table teams (xÌ=3.0 ±CLs 3.0 and 2.0 respectively). Based on these findings, coaches should adapt tactical strategies and personnel deployment accordingly to enhance the likelihood of preparing a qualifying team. Research should build from these data to examine dribbling, pressing and patterns of play when outletting
Penalty Corner Routines in Elite Womenâs Indoor Field Hockey: Prediction of Outcomes based on Tactical Decisions
Indoor hockey is a highly competitive international sport, yet no research to date has investigated the key actions within this sport. As with outdoor field hockey, penalty corners represent one of the most likely situations in which goals can be scored. All 36 matches of the round-robin phase of the 2010-2011 England Hockey League Womenâs Premier Division âSuper Sixesâ competition were analysed with the purpose of establishing which factors can predict the scoring of a goal using Binary Logistic Regression analysis. Seventy two (22.6%) of the 319 observed penalty corners resulted in a goal. The strongest predictor of scoring a goal was taking the penalty corner from the goalkeeperâs right. Based on the odds ratio (OR), the odds of the attacking team scoring were 2.27 (CI = 1.41 - 3.65) times higher with penalty corners taken from the goalkeeperâs right as opposed to the left. Additionally, if the goalkeeper decided to rush to the edge of the circle, the odds of the attacking team failing to score were 2.19 (CI = 1.18 - 4.08) times higher compared to when the goalkeeper remained near the goal line. These results suggest that strategic decisions from the players and coaches have an important part to play in the success of penalty corners. Future research should investigate the impact of goalkeepersâ movement and further examine the technical and tactical intricacies of penalty corners
Altered Cerebellar-Cerebral Functional Connectivity in Geriatric Depression
Although volumetric and activation changes in the cerebellum have frequently been reported in studies on major depression, its role in the neural mechanism of depression remains unclear. To understand how the cerebellum may relate to affective and cognitive dysfunction in depression, we investigated the resting-state functional connectivity between cerebellar regions and the cerebral cortex in samples of patients with geriatric depression (nâ=â11) and healthy controls (nâ=â18). Seed-based connectivity analyses were conducted using seeds from cerebellum regions previously identified as being involved in the executive, default-mode, affective-limbic, and motor networks. The results revealed that, compared with controls, individuals with depression show reduced functional connectivity between several cerebellum seed regions, specifically those in the executive and affective-limbic networks with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and increased functional connectivity between the motor-related cerebellum seed regions with the putamen and motor cortex. We further investigated whether the altered functional connectivity in depressed patients was associated with cognitive function and severity of depression. A positive correlation was found between the Crus IIâvmPFC connectivity and performance on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised delayed memory recall. Additionally, the vermisâposterior cinglate cortex (PCC) connectivity was positively correlated with depression severity. Our results suggest that cerebellumâvmPFC coupling may be related to cognitive function whereas cerebellumâPCC coupling may be related to emotion processing in geriatric depression
Acute and repetitive fronto-cerebellar tDCS stimulation improves mood in non-depressed participants
Neuroanatomical Pattern of Mitochondrial Complex I Pathology Varies between Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression
BACKGROUND:Mitochondrial dysfunction was reported in schizophrenia, bipolar disorderand major depression. The present study investigated whether mitochondrial complex I abnormalities show disease-specific characteristics. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:mRNA and protein levels of complex I subunits NDUFV1, NDUFV2 and NADUFS1, were assessed in striatal and lateral cerebellar hemisphere postmortem specimens and analyzed together with our previous data from prefrontal and parieto-occipital cortices specimens of patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression and healthy subjects. A disease-specific anatomical pattern in complex I subunits alterations was found. Schizophrenia-specific reductions were observed in the prefrontal cortex and in the striatum. The depressed group showed consistent reductions in all three subunits in the cerebellum. The bipolar group, however, showed increased expression in the parieto-occipital cortex, similar to those observed in schizophrenia, and reductions in the cerebellum, yet less consistent than the depressed group. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:These results suggest that the neuroanatomical pattern of complex I pathology parallels the diversity and similarities in clinical symptoms of these mental disorders
IMPACT-Global Hip Fracture Audit: Nosocomial infection, risk prediction and prognostication, minimum reporting standards and global collaborative audit. Lessons from an international multicentre study of 7,090 patients conducted in 14 nations during the COVID-19 pandemic
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