288 research outputs found
What could be learnt from Positronium for Quarkonium?
In order to fulfill Low's theorem requirements, a new lowest order basis for
bound state decay computations is proposed, in which the binding energy is
treated non-perturbatively. The properties of the method are sketched by
reviewing standard positronium decay processes. Then, it is shown how applying
the method to quarkonia sheds new light on some longstanding puzzles.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures. Talk given at the ETH Workshop on Positronium
Physics, May 30-31, 2003, Zurich, Switzerlan
A Massive Yang-Mills Theory based on the Nonlinearly Realized Gauge Group
We propose a subtraction scheme for a massive Yang-Mills theory realized via
a nonlinear representation of the gauge group (here SU(2)). It is based on the
subtraction of the poles in D-4 of the amplitudes, in dimensional
regularization, after a suitable normalization has been performed. Perturbation
theory is in the number of loops and the procedure is stable under iterative
subtraction of the poles. The unphysical Goldstone bosons, the Faddeev-Popov
ghosts and the unphysical mode of the gauge field are expected to cancel out in
the unitarity equation. The spontaneous symmetry breaking parameter is not a
physical variable. We use the tools already tested in the nonlinear sigma
model: hierarchy in the number of Goldstone boson legs and weak power-counting
property (finite number of independent divergent amplitudes at each order). It
is intriguing that the model is naturally based on the symmetry SU(2)_L local
times SU(2)_R global. By construction the physical amplitudes depend on the
mass and on the self-coupling constant of the gauge particle and moreover on
the scale parameter of the radiative corrections. The Feynman rules are in the
Landau gauge.Comment: 44 pages, 1 figure, minor changes, final version accepted by Phys.
Rev.
Quark-hadron duality, axial anomaly and mixing
Interplay between axial anomaly and quark-hadron duality in the presence of
strong mixing is considered. The anomaly sum rule for meson transition form
factors based on the dispersive representation of axial anomaly and
quark-hadron duality in octet channel is analyzed. The comparison of this sum
rule to the experimental data on and mesons transition form
factors shows that the interval of duality in this channel is rather small,
contradicting the usual understanding of quark-hadron duality. The same values
of interval of duality are supported by considering the two-point correlator in
the local duality limit. This contradiction may be resolved by introducing of
some nonperturbative non-OPE correction to the relevant spectral density. The
form and value of this correction are discussed.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, reference adde
Two photon decay of the pseudoscalars, the chiral symmetry breaking corrections
The extrapolation of the decay amplitudes of the pseudoscalar mesons into two
photons from the soft meson limit where it is obtained from the axial-anomaly
to the mass shell involves the contribution of the 0^ - continuum. These chiral
symmetry breaking corrections turn out to be large. The effects of these
corrections on the calculated pi ^0 decay rate, on the values of the
singlet-octet mixing angle and on the ratios f_8 / f_pi and f_0 / f_pi are
discussed. The implications for the transition form factors gamma gamma* -->
pseudoscalars are also evaluated and confronted with the available experimental
data.Comment: Computational errors straightened and study of the implications on
the form factors of the transitions gamma gamma* --> pseudoscalars adde
Using Unity3D as an Elevator Simulation Tool
Simulations are used for finding answers to what-if scenarios prior to making decisions. Discrete event simulation (DES) tools are usually used for industrial processes. However, these tools require the creators of the simulation model to have highly specialized knowledge and they only rarely provide easily understandable graphic representations of the modelled situation. An elevator simulation model was created using an unusual approach: the simulation model was developed in Unity3D, an IDE intended for making computer games. The model was evaluated in terms of the accuracy of the results and of the suitability of using such a tool for creating an elevator simulation with a sequence dispatcher. The paper includes validation results and discusses the advantages, disadvantages and limits of such an approach. Although a DES tool would be better for the elevator itself, separate details of the simulation can be much more easily modelled in Unity3D. It can take into account 3D space (as opposed to 1D, which is usual for DESs), for example for finding probable paths of persons, calculating volumes or finding the right door opening times
Dilaton Interactions and the Anomalous Breaking of Scale Invariance of the Standard Model
We discuss the main features of dilaton interactions for fundamental and
effective dilaton fields. In particular, we elaborate on the various ways in
which dilatons can couple to the Standard Model and on the role played by the
conformal anomaly as a way to characterize their interactions. In the case of a
dilaton derived from a metric compactification (graviscalar), we present the
structure of the radiative corrections to its decay into two photons, a photon
and a , two gauge bosons and two gluons, together with their
renormalization properties. We prove that, in the electroweak sector, the
renormalization of the theory is guaranteed only if the Higgs is conformally
coupled. For such a dilaton, its coupling to the trace anomaly is quite
general, and determines, for instance, an enhancement of its decay rates into
two photons and two gluons. We then turn our attention to theories containing a
non-gravitational (effective) dilaton, which, in our perturbative analysis,
manifests as a pseudo-Nambu Goldstone mode of the dilatation current ().
The infrared coupling of such a state to the two-photons and to the two-gluons
sector, and the corresponding anomaly enhancements of its decay rates in these
channels, is critically analyzed.Comment: Revised version, 42 pages, 5 figure
Symmetry preserving regularization with a cutoff
A Lorentz and gauge symmetry preserving regularization method is proposed in
4 dimension based on momentum cutoff. We use the conditions of gauge invariance
or freedom of shift of the loop-momentum to define the evaluation of the terms
carrying Lorentz indices, e.g. proportional to k_{\mu}k_{\nu}. The remaining
scalar integrals are calculated with a four dimensional momentum cutoff. The
finite terms (independent of the cutoff) are unambiguous and agree with the
result of dimensional regularization.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, v2 references adde
The Higgs resonance in vector boson scattering
A heavy Higgs resonance is described in a representation-independent way
which is valid for the whole energy range of 2 -> 2 scattering processes,
including the asymptotic behavior at low and high energies. The low-energy
theorems which follow from to the custodial SU_2 symmetry of the Higgs sector
restrict the possible parameterizations of the lineshape that are consistent in
perturbation theory. Matching conditions are specified which are necessary and
sufficient to relate the parameters arising in different expansions. The
construction is performed explicitly up to next-to-leading order.Comment: 25 pages, revtex, uses epsf, amssym
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