Risk factors for recurrent injurious falls that require hospitalization for older adults with dementia: a population based study

Background: Older adults with dementia are at an increased risk of falls, however, little is known about risk factors for recurrent injurious falls (a subsequent fall after the first fall has occurred) among this group. This study aimed to identify risk factors for recurrent injurious falls requiring hospitalization among adults aged 60+ years with dementia. Methods: This retrospective, whole-population cohort study was conducted using the Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data System and Western Australian Death Registrations from 2001 to 2013. Survival analysis using a stratified conditional Cox model (type 1) was undertaken to identify risk factors for recurrent injurious falls requiring hospitalization. Results: There were 32,519 participants with an index hospital admission with dementia during the study period. Over 27 % (n = 8970) of the cohort experienced a total of 11,073 injurious falls requiring hospitalization during follow up with 7297 individuals experiencing a single fall, 1330 experiencing two falls and 343 experiencing three or more falls. The median follow-up time for each individual was 2.49 years. Females were at a significantly increased risk of 7 % for recurrent injurious falls resulting in hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio 1.07, 95 % CI 1.01–1.12), compared to males. Increasing age, living in rural areas, and having an injurious fall in the year prior to the index hospital admission with dementia also increased the risk of recurrent injurious falls resulting in hospitalization. Conclusions: Screening those with dementia for injurious falls history could help to identify those most at risk of recurrent injurious falls. Improvement of heath care an

an interprofessional course for medical and nursing students

Background: Breaking bad news is a frequent and difficult communication situation in clinical practice. Informing patients about bad news is part of physicians' tasks. Nurses may support patients during the process of realising bad news on a cognitive as well as emotional level. Empirical studies show that experiential courses are effective measures to train communication skills. This paper presents the course concept of an interprofessional teaching session for medical and nursing students on the communication with seriously ill patients. Description of the project: Since 2002, 54 participants took part in seven courses. Teaching aims are the development of competences to provide feedback as well as communication skills with respect to discussions with seriously ill patients. In addition students get to know the specific tasks both professions encounter in the context of discussions with patients who had been diagnosed with a serious illness. Role plays with simulated patients, small group discussions as well as a session with clinically experienced physicians and nurses are the main teaching methods. Conclusion: The optional course has been well accepted by both student groups. In addition to the analysis of individual communication skills participants use the collaborative teaching sessions to discuss the options of an interprofessional approach of breaking bad news. There is a lack of scientific literature regarding the criteria of interprofessional concepts of breaking bad news. Such research is necessary to define specific teaching aims of collaborative courses on disclosing bad news and will serve as a fundament for future evaluation studies.Hintergrund: Das Überbringen schlechter Nachrichten ist eine häufige und schwierige Gesprächssituation im klinischen Alltag. Während das Aufklärungsgespräch ärztliche Aufgabe ist, unterstützen Mitarbeiter der Krankenpflege1, 2 die Patienten im Verlauf des Aufklärungsprozesses bei der kognitiven und emotionalen Verarbeitung einer schlechten Nachricht. Empirische Untersuchungen belegen die Effektivität erfahrungsorientierter Lehrveranstaltungen zur Ausbildung kommunikativer Fertigkeiten. In dieser Arbeit wird das Kurskonzept einer interprofessionellen Lehrveranstaltung für Medizinstudenten und Krankenpflegeschüler zur Kommunikation mit schwer kranken Patienten im Aufklärungsprozess vorgestellt. Projektbeschreibung: Die fakultative Lehrveranstaltung wurde seit 2002 sieben Mal mit insgesamt 54 Kursteilnehmenden durchgeführt. Lernziele der Lehrveranstaltung sind die Weiterentwicklung kommunikativer Kompetenzen für Gespräche mit schwer kranken Patienten sowie der Erwerb von Kompetenzen zur konstruktiven Rückmeldung (Feedback). In Ergänzung dazu sollen im Rahmen des interprofessionellen Ansatzes Kenntnisse der berufsgruppenspezifischen Aufgaben im Aufklärungsprozess erworben werden. Gespräche mit Simulationspatienten, Diskussionen in Kleingruppen sowie der Austausch mit klinisch erfahrenen Ärzten und Krankenpflegern sind die Wichtigsten in der Lehrveranstaltung eingesetzten Lehrmethoden. Schlussfolgerung: Das Kursangebot wird von Medizinstudenten und Krankenpflegeschülern gut angenommen. Neben der Analyse des individuellen Gesprächsverhaltens wird die Veranstaltung von den Teilnehmern genutzt, um Möglichkeiten der interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit bei der Patientenaufklärung zu identifizieren. Es besteht ein Mangel an wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten zur Konzeptionalisierung interprofessioneller Ansätze bei der Patientenaufklärung. Dies ist Voraussetzung für die Definition spezifischer Lehr- und Lernziele interprofessioneller Kursveranstaltungen zum Überbringen schlechter Nachrichten und bildet die Grundlage für zukünftige Evaluationsstudien

Interprofessioneller Tag mit zwei Workshops über Anamnese und Übergabe für Medizinstudierende, Pflege-Dual-Studierende und Auszubildende der Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege im dritten Semester

In this article, we report on a new one-step synthetic route to obtain multi-functional silica-coated hematite particles using a water-based surfactant-free technology. The synthesis and properties of uniform silica-coated hematite particles with adjustable size, morphology, and silica shell thickness are discussed in detail. The developed method allows simultaneous formation of the silica shell around hematite core and incorporation of reactive groups on the surface of core–shell nanoparticles. Vinyl groups are introduced to the silica surface at once by pre-functionalization of a water-soluble hyperbranched polyalkoxysiloxanes with active double bonds. The reactivity of these surface-immobilized vinyl groups is demonstrated by covalent attachment of rhodamine B using a thiol-en click reaction