Protecting Children in Conflict: An Unfinished Legal and Moral Agenda

Perhaps no individuals suffer more from the effects of war than our children. This contribution briefly reviews how children have suffered in the past, focusing on those who have been forced to flee their homes and often their families. It does this by describing the international law we have put in place to protect our children fleeing from war. It specifically describes the most important provisions of the corpora of international refugee law, international human rights law, and international humanitarian law. These corpora of law contain the law that has been created to mitigate the suffering of children fleeing armed conflicts. Having described the law, brief attention is given to some of the supplementary instruments that are used to interpret the legal obligations of states. And finally, attention is given to selected shortcomings of the law and the international community's efforts to adequately protect children from the scourge of war. The concluding suggestions emphasize the need to refocus our efforts. We need to make sure that the gaps in the law are closed by agreeing to international law that protects all children forced to flee their homes because of armed conflict. And we need to make sure that we address the causes of war by not losing track of the aspirational goal of ending war foreve

Study of dopants for radiation-resistant silicon Final report

Radiation effects on electrical properties of both aluminum and lithium doped bulk silico

Analysis of Narrow s-channel Resonances at Lepton Colliders

The procedures for studying a single narrow s-channel resonance or nearly degenerate resonances at a lepton collider, especially a muon collider, are discussed. In particular, we examine four methods for determining the parameters of a narrow s-channel resonance: scanning the resonance, measuring the convoluted cross section, measuring the Breit-Wigner area, and sitting on the resonance while varying the beam energy resolution. This latter procedure is new and appears to be potentially very powerful. Our focus is on computing the errors in resonance parameters resulting from uncertainty in the beam energy spread. Means for minimizing these errors are discussed. The discussion is applied to the examples of a light SM-Higgs, of the lightest pseudogoldstone boson of strong electroweak breaking, and of the two spin-1 resonances of the Degenerate BESS model (assuming that the beam energy spread is less than their mass splitting). We also examine the most effective procedures for nearly degenerate resonances, and apply these to the case of Degenerate BESS resonances with mass splitting of order the beam energy spread.Comment: 63 pages, 16 figure

A Strong Electroweak Sector at Future mu^+ mu^- Colliders

We discuss the prospects for detecting at a muon collider the massive new vector resonances V and light pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons P of a typical strongly interacting electroweak sector (as represented by the BESS model). Expected sensitivities to V's at a high energy collider are evaluated and the excellent prospects for discovering P's via scanning at a low energy collider are delineated.Comment: LaTeX, uses aipproc.cls, aipproc.sty, 10 pages, 6 figures, presented at the Workshop on Physics at the First Muon Collider, Fermilab, November 1997, to appear in the Proceedings, some references added and minor changes in the tex

Economies of Size for Conventional Tillage and No-till Wheat Production

Production costs and economies of size for both conventional tillage and no-till wheat production were determined. The reduction in the price of glyphosate after the patent expired improved the relative economics of no-till for continuous monoculture winter wheat. Production costs differ across farm size and by production system.Crop Production/Industries,

Modelling the Combustion of Explosives

When an explosive burns, gaseous products are formed as a result. The interaction of the burning solid and gas is not well understood. More specifically, the process of the gaseous product heating the explosive is yet to be explored in detail. The present work is aimed towards filling that gap using mathematical modelling: this aims to track the temperature profile in the explosive and the gas’s response. This work begins by modelling single step reactions using the simple Arrhenius model. An alternative asymptotic approach is also employed. There is close agreement between the results for the full reaction-diffusion problem and the asymptotic problem. The model is then extended to include three step reaction kinetics, where we again apply asymptotic analysis in addition to direct computation. Further work outlined briefly at the end includes the motion of gas being incorporated in the existing model with temperature and pressure distributions considered

Evidence for fast thermalization in the plane-wave matrix model

We perform a numerical simulation of the classical evolution of the plane-wave matrix model with semiclassical initial conditions. Some of these initial conditions thermalize and are dual to a black hole forming from the collision of D-branes in the plane wave geometry. In particular, we consider a large fuzzy sphere (a D2-brane) plus a single eigenvalue (a D0-particle) going exactly through the center of the fuzzy sphere and aimed to intersect it. Including quantum fluctuations of the off-diagonal modes in the initial conditions, with sufficient kinetic energy the configuration collapses to a small size. We also find evidence for fast thermalization: rapidly decaying autocorrelation functions at late times with respect to the natural time scale of the system.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, revtex4 format; v2: minor typos fixed; v3: 8 pages, 9 figures, minor changes, includes a supplement as appeared on PR

Nonperturbative Vertices in Supersymmetric Quantum Electrodynamics

We derive the complete set of supersymmetric Ward identities involving only two- and three- point proper vertices in supersymmetric QED. We also present the most general form of the proper vertices consistent with both the supersymmetric and U(1) gauge Ward identities. These vertices are the supersymmetric equivalent of the non supersymmetric Ball-Chiu vertices.Comment: seventeen pages late