Gait and electromyographic analysis of patients recovering after limb-saving surgery

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Energy management of three-dimensional minimum-time intercept

A real-time computer algorithm to control and optimize aircraft flight profiles is described and applied to a three-dimensional minimum-time intercept mission

Pragmatic research methodology in education: possibilities and pitfalls

This paper considers the challenges experienced by a doctoral student engaging in qualitative research. It examines the difficulties experienced in selecting an appropriate approach from the traditional methodologies to answer the research question. A pragmatic methodology which provides the researcher with the opportunity to utilise a range of strategies to answer the research question will be discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the freedoms afforded in methodological thinking, rather than following prescribed strategies and procedures are considered. How a pragmatic perspective informed the researcher’s understanding of the impact of selecting a methodology has on shaping the research and its outcomes concludes the paper

Pain medicine content, teaching and assessment in medical school curricula in Australia and New Zealand

Background: The objective of pain medicine education is to provide medical students with opportunities to develop their knowledge, skills and professional attitudes that will lead to their becoming safe, capable, and compassionate medical practitioners who are able to meet the healthcare needs of persons in pain. This study was undertaken to identify and describe the delivery of pain medicine education at medical schools in Australia and New Zealand. Method: All 23 medical schools in Australia and New Zealand in 2016 were included in this study. A structured curriculum audit tool was used to obtain information on pain medicine curricula including content, delivery, teaching and assessment methods. Results: Nineteen medical schools (83%) completed the curriculum audit. Neurophysiology, clinical assessment, analgesia use and multidimensional aspects of pain medicine were covered by most medical schools. Specific learning objectives for pain medicine were not identified by 42% of medical schools. One medical school offered a dedicated pain medicine module delivered over 1 week. Pain medicine teaching was delivered at all schools by a number of different departments throughout the curriculum. Interprofessional learning (IPL) in the context of pain medicine education was not specified by any of the medical schools. The mean time allocated for pain medicine teaching over the entire medical course was just under 20 h. The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) was used by 32% of schools to assess knowledge and skills in pain medicine. 16% of schools were unsure of whether any assessment of pain medicine education took place. Conclusion: This descriptive study provides important baseline information for pain medicine education at medical schools in Australia and New Zealand. Medical schools do not have well-documented or comprehensive pain curricula that are delivered and assessed using pedagogically-sound approaches considering the complexity of the topic, the prevalence and public health burden of pain

Cosmodynamics: Energy conditions, Hubble bounds, density bounds, time and distance bounds

We refine and extend a programme initiated by one of the current authors [Science 276 (1997) 88; Phys. Rev. D56 (1997) 7578] advocating the use of the classical energy conditions of general relativity in a cosmological setting to place very general bounds on various cosmological parameters. We show how the energy conditions can be used to bound the Hubble parameter H(z), Omega parameter Omega(z), density rho(z), distance d(z), and lookback time T(z) as (relatively) simple functions of the redshift z, present-epoch Hubble parameter H_0, and present-epoch Omega parameter Omega_0. We compare these results with related observations in the literature, and confront the bounds with the recent supernova data.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figure

A nongravitational wormhole

Using the effective metric formalism for photons in a nonlinear electromagnetic theory, we show that a certain field configuration in Born-Infeld electromagnetism in flat spacetime can be interpreted as an ultrastatic spherically symmetric wormhole. We also discuss some properties of the effective metric that are valid for any field configuration.Comment: LaTex, 9 pages with 5 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Gra