Investigation using data from ERTS-1 to develop and implement utilization of living marine resources

The author has identified the following significant results. This 15-month ERTS-1 investigation produced correlations between satellite, aircraft, menhaden fisheries, and environmental sea truth data from the Mississippi Sound. Selected oceanographic, meteorological, and biological parameters were used as indirect indicators of the menhaden resource. Synoptic and near real time sea truth, fishery, satellite imagery, aircraft acquired multispectral, photo and thermal IR information were acquired as data inputs. Computer programs were developed to manipulate these data according to user requirements. Preliminary results indicate a correlation between backscattered light with chlorophyll concentration and water transparency in turbid waters. Eight empirical menhaden distribution models were constructed from combinations of four fisheries-significant oceanographic parameters: water depth, transparency, color, and surface salinity. The models demonstrated their potential for management utilization in areas of resource assessment, prediction, and monitoring

Simulation studies of air transport operational problems

An experimental evaluation of the monitored approach procedure for conducting low visibility instrument approaches is described. Four airline crews each flew 16 approaches using the monitored procedure and 16 using a modified standard procedure in a DC-10 simulator under various conditions of visibility, wind shear and turbulence, and radar vectoring scenarios. In terms of system measures of aircrew performance, no major differences were found. Pilot opinion data indicate that there are some desirable characteristics of the monitored procedure, particularly with reference to the increased role of the flight engineer in conducting low visibility approaches. Rationale for developing approach procedures is discussed

In vitro propagation of Vitis

An in vitro method capable of producing over 12,000 shoots in 4 months from a single 3-5 mm long grape shoot is described. Shoot production in the French hybrid cv. Baco grown on Murashige's minimal organic medium (MMO) supplemented with 80 mg adenine sulfate/1, 170 mg sodium phosphate/l (monobasic), and 3--4 mg N6-benzylaminopurine/l (BAP) was increased 7fold by starting on media solidified with 0.7 g agar/l for 4 wks and then reculturing to liquid media. Subsequently, 21 grape genotypes were propagated on the same medium with the BAP reduced to 2 mg/l and the reculture interval from 3 to 2 wks. Over 90 % of the shoots rooted readily in 7-14 d when supported on filter paper bridges in 1/4-strength MMO liquid supplemented with 150 mg sodium phosphate/l (monobasic), 10 g sucrose/1 and 0.1 mg indole-3-acetic acid/l, or in 14-21 d in coarse perlite saturated with the same medium without sucrose.In-vitro-Vermehrung von VitisEs wird eine in-vitro-Methode beschrieben, mit deren Hilfe in 4 Monaten aus einem einzigen Sproßstückchen von 3-5 mm Länge über 12.000 Triebe gezogen werden können. Bei der französischen Rebkreuzung Baco, die auf organischem Minimalnährboden nach Murasbige (MMO) mit Zusätzen von 80 mg Adeninsulfat/l, 170 mg einbasigem Natriumphosphat/l und 3-4 mg N6-ßenzylaminopurin/l (BAP) kultiviert wurde, war die Sproßproduktion auf das 7fache gesteigert, wenn zuerst eine 4wöchige Anzucht auf festem Nährboden (0,7 g Agar/l) und danach eine Übertragung in flüssiges Nährmedium erfolgte. Auf dem gleichen Substrat wurden weitere 21 Rebsorten vermehrt, wobei die BAP-Menge auf 2 mg/l und das Übertragungsintervall von 3 auf 2 Wochen herabgesetzt waren. Über 90 % der Triebe bewurzelten sich im Verlauf von 1-2 Wochen ohne Schwierigkeiten, wenn sie auf Filterpapierbrücken gebracht wurden, die in flüssigem, auf 1/4 verdünntem MMO standen, das mit 150 mg einbasigem Natriumphosphat/l, 10 g Saccharose/l und 0,1 mg Indolyl-3-essigsäure/l angereichert war; innerhalb von 2-3 Wochen bewurzelten sie sich auch in grobem Perlit, das mit denselben Nährstoffen, aber ohne Saccharose, gesättigt war

Gravitational settling of 22Ne and white dwarf evolution

We study the effects of the sedimentation of the trace element 22Ne in the cooling of white dwarfs. In contrast with previous studies, which adopted a simplified treatment of the effects of 22Ne sedimentation, this is done self-consistently for the first time, using an up-to-date stellar evolutionary code in which the diffusion equation is coupled with the full set of equations of stellar evolution. Due the large neutron excess of 22Ne, this isotope rapidly sediments in the interior of the white dwarf. Although we explore a wide range of parameters, we find that using the most reasonable assumptions concerning the diffusion coefficient and the physical state of the white dwarf interior the delay introduced by the ensuing chemical differentation is minor for a typical 0.6 Msun white dwarf. For more massive white dwarfs, say M_Wd about 1.0 Msun, the delay turns out to be considerably larger. These results are in qualitatively good accord with those obtained in previous studies, but we find that the magnitude of the delay introduced by 22Ne sedimentation was underestimated by a factor of about 2. We also perform a preliminary study of the impact of 22Ne sedimentation on the white dwarf luminosity function. Finally, we hypothesize as well on the possibility of detecting the sedimentation of 22Ne using pulsating white dwarfs in the appropriate effective temperature range with accurately determined rates of change of the observed periods.Comment: To apper in The Astrophysical Journa

The unrestricted Skyrme-tensor time-dependent Hartree-Fock and its application to the nuclear response from spherical to triaxial nuclei

The nuclear time-dependent Hartree-Fock model formulated in the three-dimensional space,based on the full Skyrme energy density functional and complemented with the tensor force,is presented for the first time. Full self-consistency is achieved by the model. The application to the isovector giant dipole resonance is discussed in the linear limit, ranging from spherical nuclei (16O, 120Sn) to systems displaying axial or triaxial deformation (24Mg, 28Si, 178Os, 190W, 238U). Particular attention is paid to the spin-dependent terms from the central sector of the functional, recently included together with the tensor. They turn out to be capable of producing a qualitative change on the strength distribution in this channel. The effect on the deformation properties is also discussed. The quantitative effects on the linear response are small and, overall, the giant dipole energy remains unaffected. Calculations are compared to predictions from the (quasi)-particle random phase approximation and experimental data where available, finding good agreement

The calpastatin-derived calpain inhibitor CP1B reduces mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and-9 and invasion by leukemic THP-1 cells

The ubiquitous proteases μ- and m-calpain are Ca2+-dependent cysteine endopeptidases. Besides involvement in a variety of physio(patho)logical processes, recent studies suggest a pivotal role of calpains in differentiation of hematopoietic cells and tumor cell invasion. However, the precise actions of calpains and their endogenous inhibitor, calpastatin, in these processes are only partially understood. Here we have studied the role of the calpain/calpastatin system in the invasion of leukemic cells under basal and differentiationstimulating conditions. To further differentiate the human leukaemic cell line THP-1 (monocytic), the cells were treated for 24 hours with the differentiationstimulating reagents phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Macrophage and granulocytelike differentiation was confirmed by induction of vimentin expression as well as by microscopic and fluorescence assisted cytometric analysis. Extracellular matrix (ECM) invasion of both the basal and differentiation stimulated cells in a Matrigel assay was inhibited by preincubation of the cells with the specific calpain inhibitor CP1B for 24 hours. Inhibition of invasiveness correlated with decreased mRNA expression and secretion of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. In contrast, addition of CP1B only during the invasion process did neither influence transmigration nor MMP release. This is the first report showing that the calpain/calpastatin system mediates MMPmRNA expression of the leukemic THP-1 cells and as a consequence their invasiveness

Dependence of Variational Perturbation Expansions on Strong-Coupling Behavior. Inapplicability of delta-Expansion to Field Theory

We show that in applications of variational theory to quantum field theory it is essential to account for the correct Wegner exponent omega governing the approach to the strong-coupling, or scaling limit. Otherwise the procedure either does not converge at all or to the wrong limit. This invalidates all papers applying the so-called delta-expansion to quantum field theory.Comment: Author Information under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/institution.html . Latest update of paper (including all PS fonts) at http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/34

Project for the analysis of technology transfer Quarterly report, 1 Apr. 1969 - 30 Jun. 1969

Patterns, statistical analyses, and case studies of transfer and utilization of NASA generated technolog