5,928 research outputs found
Geometric Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation
A recently proposed classical field theory comprised of four field equations
that geometrically couple the Maxwell tensor to the Riemann-Christoffel
curvature tensor in a fundamentally new way is reviewed and extended. The new
theory's field equations show little resemblance to the field equations of
classical physics, but both Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism and
Einstein's equation of General Relativity augmented by a term that can mimic
the properties of dark matter and dark energy are shown to be a consequence.
Emphasized is the emergence of gravity and the unification brought to
electromagnetic and gravitational phenomena as well as the consistency of
solutions of the new theory with those of the classical Maxwell and Einstein
field equations. Unique to the four field equations reviewed here and based on
specific solutions to them are: the emergence of antimatter and its behavior in
gravitational fields, the emergence of dark matter and dark energy mimicking
terms in the context of General Relativity, an underlying relationship between
electromagnetic and gravitational radiation, the impossibility of negative mass
solutions that would generate repulsive gravitational fields or antigravity,
and a method for quantizing the charge and mass of particle-like solutions
Nickel layers on indium arsenide
We report here on the preparation and characterization of InAs substrates for in situ deposition of ferromagnetic contacts, a necessary precursor for semiconductor devices based on spin injection. InAs has been grown on InAs(111)A and (100) substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy and then metalized in situ in order to better understand the mechanisms that inhibit spin injection into a semiconductor. Initial x-ray characterization of the samples indicate the presence of nickel arsenides and indium–nickel compounds forming during deposition at temperatures above room temperature. Several temperature ranges have been investigated in order to determine the effect on nickel-arsenide formation. The presence of such compounds at the interface could greatly reduce the spin-injection efficiency and help elucidate previous unsuccessful attempts at measuring spin injection into InAs
Three-dimensional analysis of the Pratt and Whitney alternate design SSME fuel turbine
The three dimensional viscous time-mean flow in the Pratt and Whitney alternate design space shuttle main engine fuel turbine is simulated using the average passage Navier-Stokes equations. The migration of secondary flows generated by upstream blade rows and their effect on the performance of downstream blade rows is studied. The present simulation confirms that the flow in this two stage turbine is highly three dimensional and dominated by the tip leakage flow. The tip leakage vortex generated by the first blade persists through the second blade and adversely affects its performance. The greatest mixing of the inlet total temperature distortion occurs in the second vane and is due to the large leakage vortex generated by the upstream rotor. It is assumed that the predominant spanwise mixing mechanism in this low aspect ratio turbine is the radial transport due to the deterministically unsteady vortical flow generated by upstream blade rows. A by-product of the analysis is accurate pressure and heat loads for all blade rows under the influence of neighboring blade rows. These aero loads are useful for advanced structural analysis of the vanes and blades
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