Insufficient discriminant validity:a comment on Bove, Pervan, Beatty and Shiu (2009)

Bove, Pervan, Beatty, and Shiu [Bove, LL, Pervan, SJ, Beatty, SE, Shiu, E. Service worker role in encouraging customer organizational citizenship behaviors. J Bus Res 2009;62(7):698–705.] develop and test a latent variable model of the role of service workers in encouraging customers' organizational citizenship behaviors. However, Bove et al. [Bove, LL, Pervan, SJ, Beatty, SE, Shiu, E. Service worker role in encouraging customer organizational citizenship behaviors. J Bus Res 2009;62(7):698–705.] claim support for hypothesized relationships between constructs that, due to insufficient discriminant validity regarding certain constructs, may be inaccurate. This research comment discusses what discriminant validity represents, procedures for establishing discriminant validity, and presents an example of inaccurate discriminant validity assessment based upon the work of Bove et al. [Bove, LL, Pervan, SJ, Beatty, SE, Shiu, E. Service worker role in encouraging customer organizational citizenship behaviors. J Bus Res 2009;62(7):698–705.]. Solutions to discriminant validity problems and a five-step procedure for assessing discriminant validity then conclude the paper. This comment hopes to motivate a review of discriminant validity issues and offers assistance to future researchers conducting latent variable analysis

Direct Observation of Long-Term Durability of Superconductivity in YBa2_2Cu3_3O7_7-Ag2_2O Composites

We report direct observation of long-term durability of superconductivity of several YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$-Ag$_2$O composites that were first prepared and studied almost 14 years ago [J. J. Lin {\it et al}., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. {\bf 29}, 497 (1990)]. Remeasurements performed recently on both resistances and magnetizations indicate a sharp critical transition temperature at 91 K. We also find that such long-term environmental stability of high-temperature superconductivity can only be achieved in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ with Ag$_2$O addition, but not with pure Ag addition.Comment: to be published in Jpn. J. Appl. Phy

Deficit at ruin with threshold proportional reinsurance

In this paper, we focus our analysis on the distribution function and the moments of the deficit at ruin in a model with a threshold proportional reinsurance strategy using the Gerber-Shiu function. This strategy considers a proportional reinsurance, but the retention level is not constant and depends on the surplus. Then a retention level k1 is applied whenever the surplus is less than a specific threshold b, and a retention level k2 is applied in the other case. In a Poisson risk model, we derive the integro-differential equation for the Gerber-Shiu function when the claim amount is exponentially distributed. Then, we obtain the analytical expression for the Gerber-Shiu function for a set of penalty functions. This analytical expression is applicable for several penalty functions and includes, among others, the ruin probability, the time of ruin and the distribution function of the deficit at ruin

OncoLog Volume 48, Number 02, February 2003

Tissue Engineering: Several Avenues of Research Lead Toward a Single Goal Researchers Design a Unique Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery System to Treat Patients with Paraspinal Metastases House Call: Women and Lung Cancer: News You Can Use DiaLog: Applying Tissue Engineering Techniques in the Clinic and the Laboratory, by Michael J. Miller, MD, FACS, Professor, Department of Plastic Surgeryhttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/oncolog/1117/thumbnail.jp

Building a competitive Pearl River Delta region: cooperation, coordination, and planning

Includes bibliographical references.Papers mainly originated from the Seminar on Building a Competitive Pearl River Delta Region: Cooperation, Coordination and planning held on 8 July 2000 at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centrepublished_or_final_versionTransport10 Competition, cooperation and government of airports in the greater Pearl River Delta region James Wang and Cherry Ho Wang, James Ho, Cherry 1079 Issues on the development and cooperation of Marine technology in the Pearl River Delta region Zhou Houcheng, Li Ping, Zhang Bixiong and Yu Xijun Zhou, Houcheng Li, Ping Zhang, Bixiong Yu, Xijun 998 From cross-border manufacturing operations to regional economic integration: evolution of Hong Kong's economy and the Guangdong factor Chyau Tuan and Linda 817 Trade and commerce in the Pearl River Delta Region C.C. Tung Tung, C.C. 756 Regionalization of the World economy and economic cooperation in the Pearl River Delta Region Chen Guanghan Chen, Guanghan 65Conclusion2 Hong Kong and the Pearl River Region - competing together Victor Fung Fung, Victor 27Urban and regional planning14 Fighting air pollution in Hong Kong Thomas Chow Chow, Thomas 15313 An overview of environmental protection in Guangdong province Chen Min Chen, Min 14512 A study on an integrated cross-border transport network for the Pearl River Delta Xu Xueqiang and Xu Yongjian Xu, Xueqiang Xu, Yongjian 12715 Photochemical Smog: An air-pollution problem requiring regional solutions Wang Tao Wang, Tao 1595 Further strengthening economic cooperation between Guangdong and Hong Kong : the promotion of an export- oriented economy in the Pearl River Delta Region Yang Qifan Yang, Qifan 5916 Air pollution considerations in town planning in Hong Kong Johnny C.L. Chan, Andrew Y.S. Cheng, Liu Heping and Andrew Walton Chan, Johnny C.L. Cheng, Andrew Y.S. Liu, Heping Walton, Andrew 16517 Sustainable development in the Pearl River Delta region: assumptions and parameters for public policy Christine LOH LOH, Christine 18311 Port planning for the Pearl River Delta region: a Hong Kong perspective Alex Fong Fong, Alex 12118 Thoughts on the environment and sustainable development for the Pearl River Delta region Kim A. Salkeld Salkeld, Kim A. 189List of figures viiList of boxes, tables and appendices xi19 Guangdong - Hong Kong environmental cooperation: problem, solution and urgency Ma Xiaoling Ma, Xiaoling 193List of contributors xiii20 Towards effective regional environmental governance for the Hong Kong - Pearl River Delta border zong: the relevance of some international experiences Yok-shiu F. Lee Lee, Yok-shiu F. 20521 Towards a shared prosperity through cross-border cooperation Sun Huasheng Sun, Huasheng 23722 A study on developing the Hong Kong - Shenzhen border zone Shiu Sin-por and Yang Chun Shiu, Sin-por Yang, Chun 24523 Cross-boundary planning: the interface between Hong Kong and the Mainland Ava Ng Ng, Ava 27124 The Pearl River Delta region: our economic space, our life space Mee-kam Ng Ng, Mee-kam 283Foreword Zhou Ganzhi 1Environment25 The Pearl River Delta region: future scenarios Tunney Lee, Ralph Gakenheimer, Nien Dak Sze and Ming Zhang Lee, Tunney Gakenheimer, Ralph Sze, Nien-dak Zhang, Ming 30126 Further cooperation between Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta in creating a more competitive region Anthony Gar-on Yeh Yeh, Anthony Gar-on 319Preface 5Introduction3 Modernization of the Pearl River Delta Region and the stability and prosperity of Hong Kong Dong Hong Dong, Hong 33Economic development27 Building a competitive Pearl River Delta Region: future prospects Alex Chan Chan, Alex 3474 Managing the Hong Kong-Guangdong relationship: issues and challenges Peter T.Y. Cheung Cheung, T.Y. Peter 391 The Pearl River Delta: an evolving region Thomas J. Campanella, Ming Zhang, Tunney Lee and Nien Dak Sze Campanella, Thomas J. Zhang, Ming Lee, Tunney Sze, Nien-dak