10,880 research outputs found
A Note on Tachyon Moduli and Closed Strings
The collective behavior of the SL(2,R) covariant brane states of non-critical
c=1 string theory found in a previous work, is studied in the Fermi liquid
approximation. It is found that such states mimick the coset WZW model, whereas
only by further restrictions one recovers the double-scaling limit which was
purported to be equivalent to closed string models. Another limit is proposed,
inspired by the tachyon condensation ideas, where the spectrum is the same of
two-dimensional string theory. We close by noting some strange connections
between vacuum states of the theory in their different interpretations.Comment: PDFLaTeX, 17 pages, 2 figures; Section 2 rewritten, several fixes
throughout the text to improve clarit
Quasi-Topological Field Theories in Two Dimensions as Soluble Models
We study a class of lattice field theories in two dimensions that includes
gauge theories. Given a two dimensional orientable surface of genus , the
partition function is defined for a triangulation consisting of
triangles of area . The reason these models are called
quasi-topological is that depends on , and but not on the
details of the triangulation. They are also soluble in the sense that the
computation of their partition functions can be reduced to a soluble one
dimensional problem. We show that the continuum limit is well defined if the
model approaches a topological field theory in the zero area limit, i.e.,
with finite . We also show that the universality classes of
such quasi-topological lattice field theories can be easily classified.
Yang-Mills and generalized Yang-Mills theories appear as particular examples of
such continuum limits.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures, uses psbox.te
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Neonatal Infant Pain Scale: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation in Brazil
Context: The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), initially developed in Canada, has been previously used but not adequately adapted and validated for use in Brazil.
Objectives: The goal of the present study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the NIPS for use in the Brazilian population.
Methods: The instrument was adapted based on the method outlined by Beaton et al., including the production and combination of translated versions, back-translation, committee review, and pilot testing. The psychometric properties of the adapted instrument, including its validity, reliability, and internal consistency, were tested in a clinical validation study. The sample comprised 60 at-term newborns who were evaluated by six nurses as they experienced vaccination. Psychometric properties were evaluated using Student's t-tests, prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted kappa scores, the Bland-Altman method, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients.
Results: The Brazilian version of the NIPS (Escala de Dor no Recém-Nascido [NIPS-Brazil]) demonstrated excellent interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Total NIPS-Brazil scores yielded prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted kappa scores of 0.93, whereas the Bland-Altman method revealed interobserver and intraobserver reliability values of 95% and 90%, respectively. The NIPS-Brazil had adequate internal consistency, as evidenced by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.762.
Conclusion: The NIPS was successfully adapted for use in Brazil and is now available for use in the assessment of acute pain in at-term newborns in Brazil
Dark-ages Reionization and Galaxy Formation Simulation -- XIX: Predictions of infrared excess and cosmic star formation rate density from UV observations
We present a new analysis of high-redshift UV observations using a
semi-analytic galaxy formation model, and provide self-consistent predictions
of the infrared excess (IRX) -- relations and cosmic star formation
rate density. We combine the Charlot & Fall dust attenuation model with the
Meraxes semi-analytic model, and explore three different parametrisations for
the dust optical depths, linked to star formation rate, dust-to-gas ratio and
gas column density respectively. A Bayesian approach is employed to
statistically calibrate model free parameters including star formation
efficiency, mass loading factor, dust optical depths and reddening slope
directly against UV luminosity functions and colour-magnitude relations at z ~
4-7. The best-fit models show excellent agreement with the observations. We
calculate IRX using energy balance arguments, and find that the large intrinsic
scatter in the IRX - plane is driven by the specific star formation
rate. Additionally, the difference among the three dust models suggests a
factor of two systematic uncertainty in the dust-corrected star formation rate
when using the Meurer IRX - relation at z > 4.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figure. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Spin-polarized transport in ferromagnetic multilayered semiconductor nanostructures
The occurrence of inhomogeneous spin-density distribution in multilayered
ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor nanostructures leads to strong
dependence of the spin-polarized transport properties on these systems. The
spin-dependent mobility, conductivity and resistivity in
(Ga,Mn)As/GaAs,(Ga,Mn)N/GaN, and (Si,Mn)/Si multilayers are calculated as a
function of temperature, scaled by the average magnetization of the diluted
magnetic semiconductor layers. An increase of the resistivity near the
transition temperature is obtained. We observed that the spin-polarized
transport properties changes strongly among the three materials.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure
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