Choline, DHA, and diarrheal disease associated with growth faltering in a case-control study

BACKGROUND: Children with recurrent infectious diarrhea are susceptible to growth faltering. DHA and choline may play a role in this relationship due to their involvement in lipid metabolism, gut immunity, and inflammatory pathways. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize the contributions made by DHA and choline status and enteric damage in young children in the association between diarrheal illness and child growth. METHODS: A longitudinal case-control study was conducted among children aged 6-36 mo ( RESULTS: At baseline, mean plasma DHA concentrations (1.03 µg/mL; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.15) were not significantly different between cases and controls, nor was there a difference in mean plasma choline concentrations (4.5 µg/mL; 95% CI: 3.8, 5.1). Mean plasma I-FABP concentrations were significantly higher at follow-up in cases (3.34; 95% CI: 3.28, 3.40) than controls (3.20; 95% CI: 3.13, 3.27; CONCLUSIONS: I-FABP concentrations were significantly higher in cases as compared with controls at follow-up, suggesting ongoing enteric damage and increased risk for malnutrition. Plasma DHA and I-FABP may have a role in childhood growth outcomes

Avaliação da sensibilidade ao contraste em pacientes com migrânea

O objetivo foi medir a Função de Sensibilidade ao Contraste (FSC) de pacientes com migrânea e de voluntários saudáveis sem a patologia. Participaram dos testes 12 voluntários do sexo feminino, seis com migrânea e seis sem migrânea na faixa etária de 20 a 37 anos. As medidas de FSC foram realizadas utilizando estímulos visuais estáticos de grades senoidais angulares com frequências espaciais de 2, 3, 4, 24 e 64 ciclos/360º Foi utilizado o método psicofísico da escolha forçada entre duas alternativas temporais, condições de luminância fotópica (luminância média da tela de 41 cd/m²) e visão binocular com pupila natural. Os resultados demonstram que a percepção visual de contraste dos voluntários com migrânea foi menor nas frequências de 2, 3, 4 e 64 ciclos/360º. Esses achados preliminares sugerem alterações na FSC relacionadas a essa patologia

Chaos and commotion in the wake of cortical spreading depression and spreading depolarizations

Punctuated episodes of spreading depolarizations erupt in brain, encumber tissue structure and function, and raise fascinating unanswered questions concerning their initiation and propagation. Linked to migraine aura and headache, cortical spreading depression contributes to the morbidity in the world's migraine with aura population. Even more ominous, erupting spreading depolarizations accelerate tissue damage during brain injury. The view challenging their existence in human brain has changed now largely driven by the discovery of migraine genes that confer cortical spreading depression susceptibility, by the application of sophisticated imaging tools, and by efforts to interrogate their impact in the acutely injured human brain