6,167 research outputs found
Gynaecological emergencies seen in a referral hospital in Northwest Nigeria: A 3âyear retrospective study
Background: Gynaecological emergencies are common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and patientsâ characteristics are important determinants of gynaecological emergencies.Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the pattern and management outcome of gynaecological emergencies in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano.Materials and Methods: A 3âyear retrospective review of all gynaecological emergencies seen in AKTH between January 2012 and December 2014 was done.Results: A total of 3050 gynaecological consultations were done within the period under review, 1337 of which were gynaecological emergencies giving an institutional prevalence of 43.8%. The highest (44.5%) frequency was seen in the 21â30âyear age group. Ten different types of gynaecological emergencies were seen with abortion being the leading (59.3%) gynaecological emergency. Incomplete abortion is the most common form of miscarriage in ageâs â„ 20 years; in the Parous; and amongst married women. Sexual assault occurred in 5% of the patients, with 47.8% occurring in individuals aged below 10 years. The least common gynaecological emergency was coital laceration which accounted for 0.5%. The prevalence of mortality from gynaecological emergencies was 3.7%. The most common cause of mortality from a gynaecological emergency was bleeding gynaecological malignancy and carcinoma of the cervix accounting for 41.2%.Conclusion: Gynaecological emergencies are common and abortions are the most common emergency at AKTH. Patient  characteristics play a significant role in their pattern of presentation, while outcomes of these emergencies are related to their cause and manner of presentation. Increased surveillance and advocacy of policies that strongly punish individuals convicted of sexual assault should be encouraged, and increased awareness and utilization of Pap smear should be encouraged for early detection of premalignant and early stage carcinoma of the cervix. Further research is required to identify the possible risk factors/causes of abortion in this environment.Key words: Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital; gynaecological emergency; pattern; review
Observation of Magnetic Edge State and Dangling Bond State on Nanographene in Activated Carbon Fibers
The electronic structure of nanographene in pristine and fluorinated
activated carbon fibers (ACFs) have been investigated with near-edge x-ray
absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and compared with magnetic properties we
reported on previously. In pristine ACFs in which magnetic properties are
governed by non-bonding edge states of the \pi-electron, a pre-peak assigned to
the edge state was observed below the conduction electron {\pi}* peak close to
the Fermi level in NEXAFS. Via the fluorination of the ACFs, an extra peak,
which was assigned to the \sigma-dangling bond state, was observed between the
pre-peak of the edge state and the {\pi}* peak in the NEXAFS profile. The
intensities of the extra peak correlate closely with the spin concentration
created upon fluorination. The combination of the NEXAFS and magnetic
measurement results confirms the coexistence of the magnetic edge states of
\pi-electrons and dangling bond states of \sigma-electrons on fluorinated
nanographene sheets.Comment: 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
A Nuclear Physics Program at the ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
The ATLAS collaboration has significant interest in the physics of
ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. We submitted a Letter of Intent to the
United States Department of Energy in March 2002. The following document is a
slightly modified version of that LOI. More details are available at:
http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/SM/ionsComment: Letter of Intent submitted to the United States Department of Energy
Nuclear Physics Division in March 2002 (revised version
On the Lipschitz continuity of spectral bands of Harper-like and magnetic Schroedinger operators
We show for a large class of discrete Harper-like and continuous magnetic
Schrodinger operators that their band edges are Lipschitz continuous with
respect to the intensity of the external constant magnetic field. We generalize
a result obtained by J. Bellissard in 1994, and give examples in favor of a
recent conjecture of G. Nenciu.Comment: 15 pages, accepted for publication in Annales Henri Poincar
Verifying Temporal Regular Properties of Abstractions of Term Rewriting Systems
The tree automaton completion is an algorithm used for proving safety
properties of systems that can be modeled by a term rewriting system. This
representation and verification technique works well for proving properties of
infinite systems like cryptographic protocols or more recently on Java Bytecode
programs. This algorithm computes a tree automaton which represents a (regular)
over approximation of the set of reachable terms by rewriting initial terms.
This approach is limited by the lack of information about rewriting relation
between terms. Actually, terms in relation by rewriting are in the same
equivalence class: there are recognized by the same state in the tree
automaton.
Our objective is to produce an automaton embedding an abstraction of the
rewriting relation sufficient to prove temporal properties of the term
rewriting system.
We propose to extend the algorithm to produce an automaton having more
equivalence classes to distinguish a term or a subterm from its successors
w.r.t. rewriting. While ground transitions are used to recognize equivalence
classes of terms, epsilon-transitions represent the rewriting relation between
terms. From the completed automaton, it is possible to automatically build a
Kripke structure abstracting the rewriting sequence. States of the Kripke
structure are states of the tree automaton and the transition relation is given
by the set of epsilon-transitions. States of the Kripke structure are labelled
by the set of terms recognized using ground transitions. On this Kripke
structure, we define the Regular Linear Temporal Logic (R-LTL) for expressing
properties. Such properties can then be checked using standard model checking
algorithms. The only difference between LTL and R-LTL is that predicates are
replaced by regular sets of acceptable terms
Novel electronic wave interference patterns in nanographene sheets
Superperiodic patterns with a long distance in a nanographene sheet observed
by STM are discussed in terms of the interference of electronic wave functions.
The period and the amplitude of the oscillations decrease spatially in one
direction. We explain the superperiodic patterns with a static linear potential
theoretically. In the k-p model, the oscillation period decreases, and agrees
with experiments. The spatial difference of the static potential is estimated
as 1.3 eV for 200 nm in distance, and this value seems to be reasonable in
order that the potential difference remains against perturbations, for example,
by phonon fluctuations and impurity scatterings. It turns out that the
long-distance oscillations come from the band structure of the two-dimensional
graphene sheet.Comment: Published as a LETTER in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter; 8 pages; 6
figures; Online version at
http://www.iop.org/EJ/S/3/1256/0hJAmc5sCL6d.7sOO.BtLw/abstract/0953-8984/14/3
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