206 research outputs found
HNBR and its MWCNT reinforced nanocomposites : Crystalline morphology and electrical response
Morphology and electrical response of hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber
(HNBR) and its multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced nanocomposites
were studied by means of x-ray diffraction and broadband dielectric spectroscopy.
HNBR systems were found to be semi-crystalline, with their crystallinity to increase
with the addition of MWCNTs. In their dielectric spectra, four relaxation processes
were detected. Ascending in relaxation time, these were attributed to: (i) interfacial
polarization at the interface of crystalline and amorphous regions of HNBR and at the
interface between HNBR and MWCNTs, (ii) glass to rubber transition of the
amorphous part of HNBR, (iii) rearrangement of polar side groups, such as –CN, and
(iv) local motions of small segments of the main elastomer chain.
Electrical conductivity increases with MWCNT content and frequency increasing. The
effect of temperature, on the electrical response, is more pronounced at low frequencies. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity strongly deviates from a pure
Arrhenius behavior, signifying that the occurring conductance mechanisms do not
correspond to a single thermally activated process. Relaxation dynamics imply that
crystalline regions exert motion restrictions to large segments of the macromolecules
in the amorphous phase and to polar parts of the systems
Recommended from our members
Prototyping the BOPTEST framework for simulation-based testing of advanced control strategies in buildings
Advanced control strategies are becoming increasingly necessary in buildings in order to meet and balance requirements for energy efficiency, demand flexibility, and occupant comfort. Additional development and widespread adoption of emerging control strategies, however, ultimately require low implementation costs to reduce payback period and verified performance to gain control vendor, building owner, and operator trust. This is difficult in an already first-cost driven and risk-averse industry. Recent innovations in building simulation can significantly aid in meeting these requirements and spurring innovation at early stages of development by evaluating performance, comparing state-of-the-art to new strategies, providing installation experience, and testing controller implementations. This paper presents the development of a simulation framework consisting of test cases and software platform for the testing of advanced control strategies (BOPTEST - Building Optimization Performance Test). The objectives and requirements of the framework, components of a test case, and proposed software platform architecture are described, and the framework is demonstrated with a prototype implementation and example test case
Public Narratives and the Construction of Memory Among European Muslims
This chapter draws on group and individual interviews with 735 European Muslims in 5 European countries and explores some key aspects of the politics of memory that form an inextricable component of European Muslim self-definitions, discourses and narratives deployed in the attempt to negotiate their inclusion in European societies
The REFLECT Statement: Methods and Processes of Creating Reporting Guidelines for Randomized Controlled Trials for Livestock and Food Safety by Modifying the CONSORT Statement
The conduct of randomized controlled trials in livestock with production, health and food-safety outcomes presents unique challenges that may not be adequately reported in trial reports. The objective of this project was to modify the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement to reflect the unique aspects of reporting these livestock trials. A 2-day consensus meeting was held on 18–19 November 2008 in Chicago, IL, USA, to achieve the objective. Prior to the meeting, a Web-based survey was conducted to identify issues for discussion. The 24 attendees were biostatisticians, epidemiologists, food-safety researchers, livestock-production specialists, journal editors, assistant editors and associate editors. Prior to the meeting, the attendees completed a Web-based survey indicating which CONSORT statement items may need to be modified to address unique issues for livestock trials. The consensus meeting resulted in the production of the REFLECT (Reporting Guidelines for Randomized Control Trials) statement for livestock and food safety and 22-item checklist. Fourteen items were modified from the CONSORT checklist and an additional sub-item was proposed to address challenge trials. The REFLECT statement proposes new terminology, more consistent with common usage in livestock production, to describe study subjects. Evidence was not always available to support modification to or inclusion of an item. The use of the REFLECT statement, which addresses issues unique to livestock trials, should improve the quality of reporting and design for trials reporting production, health and food-safety outcomes
HNBR and its MWCNT reinforced nanocomposites: Crystalline morphology and electrical response
Antibacterial Activity and Physical Properties of Edible Chitosan Films Exposed to Low-pressure Plasma
- …