5,967 research outputs found
Temporary help agencies and occupational mobility
This paper focuses upon the effect of Temporary Help Agencies (THAs) on occupational mobility through a comparison of the job-to-job upgrading chances of THA and non-THA workers. A screening approach to the role of these labor "brokers" suggests that agency workers can expect greater upgrading chances between two different occupations. Results obtained from a sample of Spanish workers show that working through these intermediaries allows workers in intermediate occupational levels to avoid occupational demotions more easily than non-THA ones. Moreover, THAs improve the probability for high-skilled workers of achieving a permanent contract. The empirical analysis demonstrates that the existence of self-selection is an important explanation for increased occupational mobility among THA workers in Spain
The nineties in Spain: too much flexibility in the youth labour market?
This paper examines movements into and out of employment in the Spanish youth labour market throughout the nineties. We analyze how differences in personal and economic circumstances influence such movements. In addition, we consider the importance of duration dependence in determining them. Our main findings are that: (i) Very young workers, women and those with lower qualification levels are more likely to be affected by high labour turnover; (ii) The existence of unobserved heterogeneity has important consequences in the unemployment hazard rate; (iii) In the 90's, employment hazard rates were substantially affected by the extensive use of fixed-term contracts, although the 1997 labour market reform seems to have reduced this hazard rate; (iv) The intervention of temporary help agencies has a positive impact on the likelihood of leaving unemployment, although only for short-term unemployed individuals; at the same time, however, the employment hazard rate is substantially higher within these agencies
Are temporary help agencies changing mobility patterns in the Spanish labour market?
This paper examines to what extent Temporary Help Agency intermediation in the labour market affects workers' transitions into and out of employment in the Spanish youth labour market throughout the nineties. Results obtained show that this intermediation presents a positive impact on the likelihood of leaving unemployment, although only for short-term unemployed individuals; at the same time, however, the employment hazard rate is substantially higher for agency workers. We also find that employment hazard rates were substantially affected in the 90's by the extensive use of fixed-term contracts, although the 1997 labour market reform is found to reduce this hazard rate. Finally, very young workers, women and those with lower qualification levels are more likely to be affected by higher labour turnover
Transitions into permanent employment in Spain : an empirical analysis for young workers
We analyze the Spanish temporary workersâ transitions into permanent employment and
to what extent those who become unemployed are able to achieve a permanent job. Our
focus is placed on the role of the individualâs sequence of temporary contracts on the
probability of moving from temporary into permanent employment. We apply multiplespell
duration techniques to a longitudinal dataset of temporary workers obtained from
Social Security records for the period 1996-2003. We basically find that even though
transitions into permanent employment increase with tenure, temporary jobs do not
constitute stepping stones towards permanent employment, since the probability of
obtaining a permanent job decreases with repeated temporary jobs. Results also show
that individuals with high duration of unemployment flow into permanent work less
frequently
Enabling Practical IPsec authentication for the Internet
On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2006: OTM 2006 Workshops (First International Workshop on Information Security (IS'06), OTM Federated Conferences and workshops). Montpellier, Oct,/Nov. 2006There is a strong consensus about the need for IPsec, although its use is not widespread for end-to-end communications. One of the main reasons for this is the difficulty for authenticating two end-hosts that do not share a secret or do not rely on a common Certification Authority. In this paper we propose a modification to IKE to use reverse DNS and DNSSEC (named DNSSEC-to-IKE) to provide end-to-end authentication to Internet hosts that do not share any secret, without requiring the deployment of a new infrastructure. We perform a comparative analysis in terms of requirements, provided security and performance with state-of-the-art IKE authentication methods and with a recent proposal for IPv6 based on CGA. We conclude that DNSSEC-to-IKE enables the use of IPsec in a broad range of scenarios in which it was not applicable, at the price of offering slightly less security and incurring in higher performance costs.Universidad de Montpellier IIPublicad
Temporary help agencies and workers' occupational mobility
This paper focuses on the occupational mobility of temporary help agency workers by studying their job-to-job upgrading chances as opposed to those who have not been hired through these intermediaries. A screening approach to the role of those labor âbrokersâ suggests that agency workers may expect greater chances of upgrading from one occupation to another. Results obtained with a sample of Spanish workers show that working through those intermediaries comparatively offers stronger prospects of occupational upgrading for workers of a medium qualification level. This basic result is reinforced when the existence of self-selection into this type of intermediated work is appropriately taken into account.Temporary help agencies, screening, self-selection, switching models
TEMPORARY HELP AGENCIES AND OCCUPATIONAL MOBILITY
This paper focuses upon the effect of Temporary Help Agencies (THAs) on occupational mobility through a comparison of the job-to-job upgrading chances of THA and non-THA workers. A screening approach to the role of these labor âbrokersâ suggests that agency workers can expect greater upgrading chances between two different occupations. Results obtained from a sample of Spanish workers show that working through these intermediaries allows workers in intermediate occupational levels to avoid occupational demotions more easily than non-THA ones. Moreover, THAs improve the probability for high-skilled workers of achieving a permanent contract. The empirical analysis demonstrates that the existence of self-selection is an important explanation for increased occupational mobility among THA workers in Spain.
Astronomical Site Ranking Based on Tropospheric Wind Statistics
We present comprehensive and reliable statistics of high altitude wind speeds
and the tropospheric flows at the location of five important astronomical
observatories. Statistical analysis exclusively of high altitude winds point to
La Palma as the most suitable site for adaptive optics, with a mean value of
22.13 m/s at the 200 mbar pressure level. La Silla is at the bottom of the
ranking, with the largest average value 200 mbar wind speed(33.35 m/s). We have
found a clear annual periodicity of high altitude winds for the five sites in
study. We have also explored the connection of high to low altitude atmospheric
winds as a first approach of the linear relationship between the average
velocity of the turbulence and high altitude winds (Sarazin & Tokovinin 2001).
We may conclude that high and low altitude winds show good linear relationships
at the five selected sites. The highest correlation coefficients correspond to
Paranal and San Pedro Martir, while La Palma and La Silla show similar high to
low altitude wind connection. Mauna Kea shows the smallest degree of
correlation, which suggests a weaker linear relationship. Our results support
the idea of high altitude winds as a parameter for rank astronomical sites in
terms of their suitability for adaptive optics, although we have no evidence
for adopting the same linear coefficient at different sites. The final value of
this linear coefficient at a particular site could drastically change the
interpretation of high altitude wind speeds as a direct parameter for site
characterization.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures. Accepted in MNRA
Solid flow drives surface nanopatterning by ion-beam irradiation
Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS) is known to produce surface nanopatterns over
macroscopic areas on a wide range of materials. However, in spite of the
technological potential of this route to nanostructuring, the physical process
by which these surfaces self-organize remains poorly under- stood. We have
performed detailed experiments of IBS on Si substrates that validate dynamical
and morphological predictions from a hydrodynamic description of the
phenomenon. Our results elucidate flow of a nanoscopically thin and highly
viscous surface layer, driven by the stress created by the ion-beam, as a
description of the system. This type of slow relaxation is akin to flow of
macroscopic solids like glaciers or lead pipes, that is driven by defect
dynamics.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
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