Perioperative oxygen fraction – effect on surgical site infection and pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Rationale and design of the PROXI-Trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A high perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction may reduce the risk of surgical site infections, as bacterial eradication by neutrophils depends on wound oxygen tension. Two trials have shown that a high perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction (Fi<smcaps>O</smcaps>₂= 0.80) significantly reduced risk of surgical site infections after elective colorectal surgery, but a third trial was stopped early because the frequency of surgical site infections was more than doubled in the group receiving Fi<smcaps>O</smcaps>₂= 0.80. It has not been settled if a high inspiratory oxygen fraction increases the risk of pulmonary complications, such as atelectasis, pneumonia and respiratory failure. The aim of our trial is to assess the potential benefits and harms of a high perioperative oxygen fraction in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.</p> <p>Methods and design</p> <p>The PROXI-Trial is a randomized, patient- and assessor blinded trial of perioperative supplemental oxygen in 1400 patients undergoing acute or elective laparotomy in 14 Danish hospitals. Patients are randomized to receive either 80% oxygen (Fi<smcaps>O</smcaps>₂= 0.80) or 30% oxygen (Fi<smcaps>O</smcaps>₂= 0.30) during surgery and for the first 2 postoperative hours. The primary outcome is surgical site infection within 14 days. The secondary outcomes are: atelectasis, pneumonia, respiratory failure, re-operation, mortality, duration of postoperative hospitalization, and admission to intensive care unit. The sample size allows detection of a 33% relative risk reduction in the primary outcome with 80% power.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This trial assesses benefits and harms of a high inspiratory oxygen fraction, and the trial may be generalizable to a general surgical population undergoing laparotomy.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00364741.</p

Evaluation of training on the programs to optimize antimicrobial use in medical residents of the province of Las Palmas.

[ES] Introducción. La resistencia a los antibióticos es una amenaza para la salud pública mundial. Esta situación hace imprescindible el establecimiento de programas de optimización del uso de antimicrobianos (PROA). Se identificaron las necesidades formativas en el PROA de los médicos residentes y se analizaron las asociaciones entre las variables de estudio y la formación en el uso racional y prudente de antibióticos. Métodos. Estudio transversal y analítico a través de un cuestionario auto administrado a un colectivo de 506 médicos residentes de la provincia de Las Palmas. Se calculó la asociación entre las características de los residentes y la formación en el PROA mediante una regresión logística. Resultados. Las asociaciones entre la varianza de las respuestas y el tipo de especialidad se observaron en la mayoría de los análisis de los componentes principales (oportunidad p=0,003, entrenamiento p=0,007, motivación p=0,055 e higiene de manos p=0,044), seguidas de la varianza según el sexo (capacidad p=0,028, conocimientos teóricos p=0,013, higiene de manos p=0,002). Muy pocas diferencias se asociaron con la edad (capacidad p=0,051 e higiene de manos p=0,054) o el año de especialidad (higiene de manos p=0,032). Conclusiones. Las principales necesidades formativas de los médicos residentes incluyen salud integral, motivación, entrenamiento, higiene de manos e información. El tipo de especialidad seguido del sexo son los determinantes más importantes de las perspectivas sobre el uso y la resistencia a los antibióticos. [EN] Background. Antibiotic resistance is a threat to global public health. This situation makes essential to establish programs to optimize antimicrobial use (PROA). Training needs are identified in the PROA of resident physicians and the results of the analysis of the associations between study variables and training in the rational and prudent use of antibiotics are presented in this analysis. Methods. Cross-sectional and analytical study through a self-administered questionnaire to a group of 506 medical residents of the province of Las Palmas. The association between resident’s characteristics and PROA training was calculated through logistic regression. Results. The associations between response variance and speciality were observed in most of the core component analysis (opportunity p=0.003, training p=0.007, motivation p=0.055 and hand hygiene p=0.044), followed by variance according to sex (capacity p=0.028, theoretical knowledge p=0.013, hand hygiene p=0.002). Very few differences were associated with age (capacity p=0,051 and hand hygiene p=0,054) or the year of expertise (hand hygiene p=0,032). Conclusions. The main training needs of resident physicians include one health, motivation, training, hand hygiene and information. The type of speciality followed by sex are the most important determinants on antibiotic use and resistance for resident physicians.S