23,286 research outputs found
Rare b and c Decays and the CKM Matrix
I report on developments in the experimental and phenomenological
understanding of the rare decays of mesons containing b and c quarks,
especially as they pertain to the understanding of the CKM matrix and the
testing of the standard model. Some related measurements are also discussed.Comment: Talk given at "Physics in Collision," Cracow, June 10, 1995. 16 pages
of self extracting, compressed, encoded postscrip
Hydrodynamic Coupling of Particle Inclusions Embedded in Curved Lipid Bilayer Membranes
We develop theory and computational methods to investigate particle
inclusions embedded within curved lipid bilayer membranes. We consider the case
of spherical lipid vesicles where inclusion particles are coupled through (i)
intramembrane hydrodynamics, (ii) traction stresses with the external and
trapped solvent fluid, and (iii) intermonolayer slip between the two leaflets
of the bilayer. We investigate relative to flat membranes how the membrane
curvature and topology augment hydrodynamic responses. We show how both the
translational and rotational mobility of protein inclusions are effected by the
membrane curvature, ratio of intramembrane viscosity to solvent viscosity, and
inter-monolayer slip. For general investigations of many-particle dynamics, we
also discuss how our approaches can be used to treat the collective diffusion
and hydrodynamic coupling within spherical bilayers.Comment: 32 pages, double-column format, 15 figure
An Analysis of Cooperating Teacher Feedback: A Qualitative Inquiry
Cooperating teachers are a key component to the success of student teaching internships, serving an integral part in “raising” a teacher. To effectively facilitate the student teaching internship, teacher preparation programs must identify cooperating teachers who align philosophically with the pedagogical training delivered by university programs (Korthagen & Kessels, 1999; Tom, 1997), specifically, cooperating teachers who can reinforce the theoretical framework underpinning the professional coursework pre-service teachers experience in university teacher preparation programs. This qualitative study sought to better understand the feedback provided to future school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teachers during their student teaching experience. Through initial and secondary coding, the research team identified themes among the feedback provided to student teachers by their cooperating teachers. The study revealed cooperating teacher feedback reflects the pedagogical training provided via the teacher preparation program, specifically, around effective teaching behaviors. Understanding the cooperating teacher feedback provides insight for teacher preparation programs
Resolving transition metal chemical space: feature selection for machine learning and structure-property relationships
Machine learning (ML) of quantum mechanical properties shows promise for
accelerating chemical discovery. For transition metal chemistry where accurate
calculations are computationally costly and available training data sets are
small, the molecular representation becomes a critical ingredient in ML model
predictive accuracy. We introduce a series of revised autocorrelation functions
(RACs) that encode relationships between the heuristic atomic properties (e.g.,
size, connectivity, and electronegativity) on a molecular graph. We alter the
starting point, scope, and nature of the quantities evaluated in standard ACs
to make these RACs amenable to inorganic chemistry. On an organic molecule set,
we first demonstrate superior standard AC performance to other
presently-available topological descriptors for ML model training, with mean
unsigned errors (MUEs) for atomization energies on set-aside test molecules as
low as 6 kcal/mol. For inorganic chemistry, our RACs yield 1 kcal/mol ML MUEs
on set-aside test molecules in spin-state splitting in comparison to 15-20x
higher errors from feature sets that encode whole-molecule structural
information. Systematic feature selection methods including univariate
filtering, recursive feature elimination, and direct optimization (e.g., random
forest and LASSO) are compared. Random-forest- or LASSO-selected subsets 4-5x
smaller than RAC-155 produce sub- to 1-kcal/mol spin-splitting MUEs, with good
transferability to metal-ligand bond length prediction (0.004-5 {\AA} MUE) and
redox potential on a smaller data set (0.2-0.3 eV MUE). Evaluation of feature
selection results across property sets reveals the relative importance of
local, electronic descriptors (e.g., electronegativity, atomic number) in
spin-splitting and distal, steric effects in redox potential and bond lengths.Comment: 43 double spaced pages, 11 figures, 4 table
One Last Chance: The Economic Case for a New Approach to Fisheries Management in New England
Documents the decline of the New England fishing industry as a result of mismanagement, presents examples of successful and sustainable fisheries, and examines the viability of proposed community-based, fishermen-run cooperatives as a solution
Luminosity and surface brightness distribution of K-band galaxies from the UKIDSS Large Area Survey
We present luminosity and surface brightness distributions of 40,111 galaxies
with K-band photometry from the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT)
Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Large Area Survey (LAS), Data Release 3 and
optical photometry from Data Release 5 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS).
Various features and limitations of the new UKIDSS data are examined, such as a
problem affecting Petrosian magnitudes of extended sources. Selection limits in
K- and r-band magnitude, K-band surface brightness and K-band radius are
included explicitly in the 1/Vmax estimate of the space density and luminosity
function. The bivariate brightness distribution in K-band absolute magnitude
and surface brightness is presented and found to display a clear
luminosity--surface brightness correlation that flattens at high luminosity and
broadens at low luminosity, consistent with similar analyses at optical
wavelengths. Best fitting Schechter function parameters for the K-band
luminosity function are found to be M*-5 log h=-23.19 +/- 0.04, alpha=-0.81 +/-
0.04 and phi*=(0.0166 +/- 0.0008)h^3 Mpc^{-3}, although the Schechter function
provides a poor fit to the data at high and low luminosity, while the
luminosity density in the K band is found to be j = (6.305 +/- 0.067) x 10^8
L_sun h Mpc^{-3}. However, we caution that there are various known sources of
incompleteness and uncertainty in our results. Using mass-to-light ratios
determined from the optical colours we estimate the stellar mass function,
finding good agreement with previous results. Possible improvements are
discussed that could be implemented when extending this analysis to the full
LAS.Comment: 17 pages, 24 figures, matches MNRAS accepted versio
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Suspended Education in California
Analyzes data on risk of school suspension by race/ethnicity, gender, and disability status in nearly five hundred districts; highlights research showing suspensions to be ineffective and harmful; and calls for implementing evidence-based alternatives
Momentum and Contrarian Stock-Market Indices
We propose a new class of investable momentum and contrarian stock-market indices that partition a benchmark index, such as the Russell 1000. Our momentum indices overweight stocks that have recently outperformed, while our contrarian indices underweight these same stocks. Our index construction methodology is extremely flexible, and allows the index provider to trade-off the distinctiveness of the momentum/contrarian strategies with portfolio turnover. Momentum investment styles in particular typically entail a high level of turnover, and hence high associated transaction costs. The creation of momentum and contrarian indices and exchange traded funds (ETFs) based on our methodology would allow investors to access these styles at lower cost than is currently possible. Our indices also provide performance benchmarks for momentum/contrarian investment managers, and good proxies for a momentum factor. Over the period 1995- 2007 we find that short term momentum and long term contrarian indices outperform the reference Russell 1000 index. We also document the changing interaction between the momentum/contrarian and value/growth styles.Momentum index; Contrarian index; Performance measurement; Turnover; Momentum factor; Behavioral finance
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