33,448 research outputs found
Dutch Focus Groups results. TR 3.54 Interactions with citizens and consumers at local scale
As part of the Endure project, funded by the EU Sixth Framework Programme, two focus group sessions were carried out in January 2010 in the Netherlands. Aim of these focus group sessions was to understand the believes, associations and attitudes people have concerning the use of pesticides and integrated pest management (IPM) in regard to apples and pears. In total 15 people participated in the focus group session and participants were heterogeneous in gender, age and background. They all bought apples and most of them visited farms are farmers markets
Frustrated magnetism and resonating valence bond physics in two-dimensional kagome-like magnets
We explore the phase diagram and the low-energy physics of three Heisenberg
antiferromagnets which, like the kagome lattice, are networks of corner-sharing
triangles but contain two sets of inequivalent short-distance resonance loops.
We use a combination of exact diagonalization, analytical strong-coupling
theories, and resonating valence bond approaches, and scan through the ratio of
the two inequivalent exchange couplings. In one limit, the lattices effectively
become bipartite, while at the opposite limit heavily frustrated nets emerge.
In between, competing tunneling processes result in short-ranged spin
correlations, a manifold of low-lying singlets (which can be understood as
localized bound states of magnetic excitations), and the stabilization of
valence bond crystals with resonating building blocks.Comment: Published versio
Orbital effects in manganites
In this paper I give a short review of some properties of the colossal
magnetoresistance manganites, connected with the orbital degrees of freedom.
Ions Mn{3+}, present in most of these compounds, have double orbital degeneracy
and are strong Jahn-Teller ions, causing structural distortions and orbital
ordering. Mechanisms leading to such ordering are shortly discussed, and the
role of orbital degrees of freedom in different parts of the phase diagram of
manganites is described. Special attention is paid to the properties of
low-doped systems (doping 0.1 - 0.25), to overdoped systems (x > 0.5), and to
the possibility of a novel type of orbital ordering in optimally doped
ferromagnetic metallic manganites.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures, to be published in J. Mod. Phys.
The Luminosity Distribution of Local Group Galaxies
From a rediscussion of Local Group membership, and of distances to individual
galaxies, we obtain values for 35 probable and possible Local Group
members. The luminosity function of these objects is well fitted by a Schechter
function with faint end slope . The probability that the
luminosity distribution of the Local Group is a single Schechter function with
steeper than -1.3 is less than 1 per cent. However, more complicated
luminosity functions, such as multi-component Schechter functions with steep
faint-end slopes, cannot be ruled out. There is some evidence that the
luminosity distribution of dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Local Group is
steeper than that of dwarf irregular galaxies.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical
Journal. Figure 2 replaced, conclusion based on this figure change
Reconstructed Rough Growing Interfaces; Ridgeline Trapping of Domain Walls
We investigate whether surface reconstruction order exists in stationary
growing states, at all length scales or only below a crossover length, . The later would be similar to surface roughness in growing crystal
surfaces; below the equilibrium roughening temperature they evolve in a
layer-by-layer mode within a crossover length scale , but are always
rough at large length scales. We investigate this issue in the context of KPZ
type dynamics and a checker board type reconstruction, using the restricted
solid-on-solid model with negative mono-atomic step energies. This is a
topology where surface reconstruction order is compatible with surface
roughness and where a so-called reconstructed rough phase exists in
equilibrium. We find that during growth, reconstruction order is absent in the
thermodynamic limit, but exists below a crossover length , and that this local order fluctuates critically. Domain walls become
trapped at the ridge lines of the rough surface, and thus the reconstruction
order fluctuations are slaved to the KPZ dynamics
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