860 research outputs found
Building Criminal Capital Behind Bars: Peer Effects in Juvenile Corrections
This paper analyzes the influence that juvenile offenders serving time in the same correctional facility have on each other\u27s subsequent criminal behavior. The analysis is based on data on over 8,000 individuals serving time in 169 juvenile correctional facilities during a two-year period in Florida. These data provide a complete record of past crimes, facility assignments, and arrests and adjudications in the year following release for each individual. To control for the non-random assignment to facilities, we include facility and facility-by-prior offense fixed effects, thereby estimating peer effects using only within-facility variation over time. We find strong evidence of peer effects for burglary, petty larceny, felony and misdemeanor drug offenses, aggravated assault, and felony sex offenses; the influence of peers primarily affects individuals who already have some experience in a particular crime category. We also find evidence that the predominant types of peer effects differ in residential versus non-residential facilities; effects in the latter are consistent with network formation among youth serving time close to home
University of Southampton Insurance Law Research Group â Written evidence (AUV0031).
Submitted to House of Lords enquiry on autonomous vehicles
Characterization of a Be(p,xn) neutron source for fission yields measurements
We report on measurements performed at The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) to
characterize a proton-neutron converter for independent fission yield studies
at the IGISOL-JYFLTRAP facility (Jyv\"askyl\"a, Finland). A 30 MeV proton beam
impinged on a 5 mm water-cooled Beryllium target. Two independent experimental
techniques have been used to measure the neutron spectrum: a Time of Flight
(TOF) system used to estimate the high-energy contribution, and a Bonner Sphere
Spectrometer able to provide precise results from thermal energies up to 20
MeV. An overlap between the energy regions covered by the two systems will
permit a cross-check of the results from the different techniques. In this
paper, the measurement and analysis techniques will be presented together with
some preliminary results.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, also submitted as proceedings of the
International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology 201
Dark mammoth trunks in the merging galaxy NGC 1316 and a mechanism of cosmic double helices
NGC 1316 is a giant, elliptical galaxy containing a complex network of dark,
dust features. The morphology of these features has been examined in some
detail using a Hubble Space Telescope, Advanced Camera for Surveys image. It is
found that most of the features are constituted of long filaments. There also
exist a great number of dark structures protruding inwards from the filaments.
Many of these structures are strikingly similar to elephant trunks in H II
regions in the Milky Way Galaxy, although much larger. The structures, termed
mammoth trunks, generally are filamentary and often have shapes resembling the
letters V or Y. In some of the mammoth trunks the stem of the Y can be resolved
into two or more filaments, many of which showing signs of being intertwined. A
model of the mammoth trunks, related to a recent theory of elephant trunks, is
proposed. Based on magnetized filaments, the model is capable of giving an
account of the various shapes of the mammoth trunks observed, including the
twined structures.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc
Velocity-space sensitivities of neutron emission spectrometers at the tokamaks JET and ASDEX upgrade in deuterium plasmas
Light-ion production in the interaction of 175 MeV quasi-mono-energetic neutrons with iron and with bismuth
Nuclear data for neutron-induced reactions in the intermediate energy range
of 20 to 200 MeV are of great importance for the development of nuclear
reaction codes since little data exist in that range. Also several different
applications benefit from such data, notably accelerator-driven incineration of
nuclear waste. The Medley setup was used for a series of measurements of p, d,
t, He and -particle production by 175 MeV quasi-mono-energetic
neutrons on various target nuclei. The measurements were performed at the The
Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden. Eight detector telescopes placed at
angles between 20 and 160 were used. Medley uses the -- technique to discriminate among the particle types and is
able to measure double-differential cross sections over a wide range of
particle energies. This paper briefly describes the experimental setup,
summarizes the data analysis and reports on recent changes in the previously
reported preliminary data set on bismuth. Experimental data are compared with
INCL4.5-Abla07, MCNP6 using CEM03.03, TALYS and PHITS model calculations as
well as with nuclear data evaluations. The models agree fairly well overall but
in some cases systematic differences are found.Comment: 16 pages, 19 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev.
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