Navigating Boundaries: The Development of Lewis, Clark and Pike in the Historic Consciousness

This papers seeks to evaluate modern conceptions that have emerged regarding the Expeditions of Lewis and Clark, and Zebulon Pike. Instead of being thought as separate enterprises, the article argues that these two expeditions should be jointly considered as outgrowths of an American expansionist ideology and that the expeditions are examples of this growing national interest in the West

Performance prediction evaluation of ceramic materials in point-focusing solar receivers

A performance prediction was adapted to evaluate the use of ceramic materials in solar receivers for point focusing distributed applications. System requirements were determined including the receiver operating environment and system operating parameters for various engine types. Preliminary receiver designs were evolved from these system requirements. Specific receiver designs were then evaluated to determine material functional requirements

Effects of Movement, Growth Mindset and Math Talks on Math Anxiety

Mathematical anxiety is prevalent in our schools. This research provides insight into how mathematical anxiety develops and how it affects students throughout their lives. This study focuses on the mathematical anxiety and mathematical self-concept of five second grade classes at an economically disadvantaged school in rural North Texas. The study looked to see if adding the interventions of movement, mathematical growth mindset and math talks to a classroom would improve the mathematical self-concept of the children in the classrooms which participated. The study contained three classrooms of students who participated in the interventions and two classrooms which were used as a control group. All five second grade classrooms completed a pre and post-intervention survey of mathematical self-concepts. The three main categories measured by the survey were math self-concept, comfort using different mathematical strategies and comfort level with discussing and using math concepts in front of peers. The children received mathematical movement lessons on Mondays, growth mindset journaling and discussions on Tuesdays and mental math number talks on Wednesdays. After the four-week study, the results showed an overall gain in positive responses for the three categories, which were measured for this study in the intervention group. The control group did not show as much of a positive gain as the intervention group did, and in some cases actually went down in positive responses

High temperature properties of sodium, potassium, and cesium thirteenth progress report

Thermophysical properties of sodium, potassium, and cesium at high temperatures - density of liquid potassium and vapor pressure of cesiu

Ab initio calculation of neutral-current ν\nu-12^{12}C inclusive quasielastic scattering

Quasielastic neutrino scattering is an important aspect of the experimental program to study fundamental neutrino properties including neutrino masses, mixing angles, the mass hierarchy and CP-violating phase. Proper interpretation of the experiments requires reliable theoretical calculations of neutrino-nucleus scattering. In this paper we present calculations of response functions and cross sections by neutral-current scattering of neutrinos off $^{12}$C. These calculations are based on realistic treatments of nuclear interactions and currents, the latter including the axial-, vector-, and vector-axial interference terms crucial for determining the difference between neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering and the CP-violating phase. We find that the strength and energy-dependence of two-nucleon processes induced by correlation effects and interaction currents are crucial in providing the most accurate description of neutrino-nucleus scattering in the quasielastic regime.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Velocity map imaging of the dynamics of the CH3 + HCl -> CH4 + Cl reaction using a dual molecular beam method

International audienceThe reactions CH3 + HCl → CH4 + Cl(²P_3/2) and CD₃ + HCl → CD₃H + Cl(²P_3/2) have been studied by photo-initiation (by CH₃I or CD₃I photolysis at 266 nm) in a dual molecular beam apparatus. Product Cl(²P</sub>3/2</sub>) atoms were detected using resonance enhanced multi-photon ionisation and velocity map imaging, revealing product translational energy and angular scattering distributions in the centre-of-mass frame. Image analysis is complicated by the bimodal speed distribution of CH₃ (and CD₃) radicals formed in coincidence with I(²P_3/2) and I(²P_1/2) atoms from CH₃I (CD₃I) photodissociation, giving overlapping Newton diagrams with displaced centre of mass velocities. The relative reactivities to form Cl atoms are greater for the slower CH₃ speed group than the faster group by factors of ~1.5 for the reaction of CH₃ and ~2.5 for the reaction of CD₃, consistent with the greater propensity of the faster methyl radicals to undergo electronically adiabatic reactions to form Cl(²P_1/2). The average fraction of the available energy becoming product translational energy is = 0.48 ± 0.05 and 0.50 ± 0.03 for reaction of the faster and slower sets of CH₃ radicals, respectively. The Cl atoms are deduced to be preferentially forward scattered with respect to the HCl reagents, but the angular distributions from the dual beam imaging experiments require correction for under-detection of forward scattered Cl products