Enterococcus cecorum septicemia in a malnourished adult patient

Enterococcus cecorum, a species typically isolated from chicken, pigs, calves, horses, ducks, cats, dogs, and canaries, was isolated from the blood of a patient with severe septicemia. The isolate was identified by conventional biochemical tests. Identity asEnterococcus cecorum was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis of whole cell protein. This is the first report of the isolation ofEnterococcus cecorum in a clinical settin

Korte historiek van het aandeel van de diergeneeskunde in het experimenteel onderzoek in de humane geneeskunde = A short description of veterinary contributions to experimental research in human medicine

A short description is given of the life and work of scientists active in veterinary research, who contributed substantially to the knowledge of human disease and health. Microbiology and immunology were their main fields of interest. Important microbiologists include Edmond Nocard, Karl F. Meyer, Daniel Salmon, Victor Babes and Arnold Theiler. Still others were mainly active as immunologists. Gaston Ramon's works on bacterial toxins resulted in effective vaccines against tetanos as well as diphteritis, until then an important cause of child mortality. Early findings of Auguste Chauveau established a basis for understanding immunity to microbial diseases. Nobel prize-winning Peter C. Doherty helped to elucidate the complex mechanisms of cellular immunity

Predictive Value of EGFR-PI3K-AKT-mTOR-Pathway Inhibitor Biomarkers for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma:A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: Understanding molecular pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) has considerably improved in the last decades. As a result, novel therapeutic strategies have evolved, amongst which are epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies. With the exception of cetuximab, targeted therapies for HNSCC have not yet been introduced into clinical practice. One important aspect of new treatment regimes in clinical practice is presence of robust biomarkers predictive for therapy response.METHODS: We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library. Articles were included if they investigated a biomarker for targeted therapy in the EGFR-PI3K-AKT-mTOR-pathway.RESULTS: Of 83 included articles, 52 were preclinical and 33 were clinical studies (two studies contained both a preclinical and a clinical part). We classified EGFR pathway inhibitor types and investigated the type of biomarker (biomarker on epigenetic, DNA, mRNA or protein level).CONCLUSION: Several EGFR-PI3K-AKT-mTOR-pathway inhibitor biomarkers have been researched for HNSCC but few of the investigated biomarkers have been adequately confirmed in clinical trials. A more systematic approach is needed to discover proper biomarkers as stratifying patients is essential to prevent unnecessary costs and side effects.</p