74 research outputs found
Heterogeneity in the Relationship between Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water and Cancer: A Systematic Review.
The epidemiological evidence demonstrating the effect of disinfection by-products (DBPs) from drinking water on colon and rectal cancers is well documented. However, no systematic assessment has been conducted to assess the potential effect measure modification (EMM) in the relationship between DBPs and cancer. The objective of this paper is to conduct a systematic literature review to determine the extent to which EMM has been assessed in the relationship between DBPs in drinking water in past epidemiological studies. Selected articles (n = 19) were reviewed, and effect estimates and covariates that could have been used in an EMM assessment were gathered. Approximately half of the studies assess EMM (n = 10), but the majority of studies only estimate it relative to sex subgroups (n = 6 for bladder cancer and n = 2 both for rectal and colon cancers). Although EMM is rarely assessed, several variables that could have a potential modification effect are routinely collected in these studies, such as socioeconomic status or age. The role of environmental exposures through drinking water can play an important role and contribute to cancer disparities. We encourage a systematic use of subgroup analysis to understand which populations or territories are more vulnerable to the health impacts of DBPs
Water safety plans and climate change mitigation
[Excerpt] Definition
Quality water at affordable prices for all is a key
condition for the promotion of public health, environmental sustainability, and quality and safety of
life. In a context of growing external uncertainties
arising from changes in the climate and the environment, ensuring these conditions is an upward
concern and is of utmost relevance to increase
scientific research on the impacts of climate
change on water quality modification and in minimization/mitigation strategies
Russia's transition : muddling-through
SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : DO 3121 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc
Investigating social inequalities in exposure to drinking water contaminants in rural areas
Few studies have assessed social inequalities in exposure to drinking water contaminants. This study explores this issue in 593 rural municipalities of Québec, Canada. Quartiles of an ecological composite deprivation index were used as a proxy of socioeconomic status. Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and lead were chosen as proxies of chemical drinking water quality. The results show that the majority of deprived rural municipalities apply no treatment to their water (26%) or use a basic treatment (51%), whereas a relative majority of the wealthiest municipalities (40%) use advanced treatment. The proportion of municipalities having important lead (>5 µg/L) levels is highest in most deprived municipalities. Moreover, most deprived municipalities have a higher risk of high tap lead levels (RR = 1.33; 95%CI: 1.30, 1.36). Conversely, most deprived municipalities have a lower risk of high TTHMs levels (RR = 0.78; 95%CI: 0.69, 0.86). These findings suggest an environmental inequality in drinking water contaminants distribution in rural municipalities
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