1,244 research outputs found
"I feel proper self-conscious all the time": A qualitative study of adolescent girlsâ views of menstruation and physical activity.
Associations between socio-economic position and changes in childrenâs screen-viewing between ages 6 and 9:a longitudinal study
Legal determinants of external finance revisited : the inverse relationship between investor protection and societal well-being
This paper investigates relationships between corporate governance traditions and quality of life as measured by a number of widely reported indicators. It provides an empirical analysis of indicators of societal health in developed economies using a classification based on legal traditions. Arguably the most widely cited work in the corporate governance literature has been the collection of papers by La Porta et al. which has shown, inter alia, statistically significant relationships between legal traditions and various proxies for investor protection. We show statistically significant relationships between legal traditions and various proxies for societal health. Our comparative evidence suggests that the interests of investors may not be congruent with the interests of wider society, and that the criteria for judging the effectiveness of approaches to corporate governance should not be restricted to financial metrics
Association of BMI category with change in childrenâs physical activity between ages 6 and 11 years:a longitudinal study
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Energy embodied in household cookery: the missing part of a sustainable food system? Part 1: A method to survey and calculate representative recipes
This paper firstly reviews the current state of knowledge on sustainable cookery and the environmental impacts of the food consumption phase. It then uses the example of a dish of roast beef and Yorkshire pudding to explore energy use in food production and consumption. Part 1 of this paper conducts a meta-analysis of 33 roast beef and Yorkshire pudding recipes in order to create a representative recipe for analysis. Part 2 of this paper then uses life cycle assessment and energy use data is coupled with the representative recipe of roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, to calculate the embodied energy of the meal. Seven interventions are modelled to illustrate how sustainable cookery can play a role as part of a sustainable food system. Interventions show that sustainable cookery has the potential to reduce cookery related energy use by 18%, and integrating sustainable cookery within a sustainable food system has the potential to reduce the total energy use by 55%. Finally, the paper discusses the issue of how the adoption of the sustainable cookery agenda may help or hinder attempts to shift consumers towards sustainable diets
An experimental and computational study of donorâlinkerâacceptor block copolymers for organic photovoltaics
Block copolymers with donor and acceptor conjugated polymer blocks provide an approach to dictating the donorâaccepter interfacial structure and understanding its relationship to charge separation and photovoltaic performance. We report the preparation of a series of donorâlinkerâacceptor block copolymers with poly(3âhexylthiophene) (P3HT) donor blocks, poly((9,9âdioctylfluorene)â2,7âdiylâaltâ[4,7âbis(thiophenâ5âyl)â2,1,3âbenzothiadiazole]â2âČ,2âłâdiyl) (PFTBT) acceptor blocks, and varying lengths of oligoâethylene glycol (OEG) chains as the linkers. Morphological analysis shows that the linkers increase polymer crystallinity while a combination of optical and photovoltaic measurements shows that the insertion of a flexible spacer reduces fluorescence quenching and photovoltaic efficiencies of solution processed photovoltaic devices. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations indicate that the linking groups reduce both charge separation and recombination rates, and block copolymers with flexible linkers will likely rotate to assume a nonplanar orientation, resulting in a significant loss of overlap at the donorâlinkerâacceptor interface. This work provides a systematic study of the role of linker length on the photovoltaic performance of donorâlinkerâacceptor block copolymers and indicates that linkers should be designed to control both the electronic properties and relative orientations of conjugated polymers at the interface.
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