Carbon dioxide emissions of Antarctic tourism

The increase of tourism to the Antarctic continent may entail not only local but also global environmental impacts. These latter impacts, which are mainly caused by transport, have been generally ignored. As a result, there is a lack of data on the global impacts of Antarctic tourism in terms of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. This paper presents and applies a methodology for quantifying CO2 emissions, both for the Antarctic vessel fleet as a whole and per passenger (both per trip and per day). The results indicate that the average tourist trip to Antarctica results in 5.44 t of CO2 emissions per passenger, or 0.49 t per passenger and day. Approximately 70% of these emissions are attributable to cruising and 30% to flying, which highlights the global environmental relevance of local transport for this type of touris

Quantum simulation of an extra dimension

We present a general strategy to simulate a D+1-dimensional quantum system using a D-dimensional one. We analyze in detail a feasible implementation of our scheme using optical lattice technology. The simplest non-trivial realization of a fourth dimension corresponds to the creation of a bivolume geometry. We also propose single- and many-particle experimental signatures to detect the effects of the extra dimension.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, revtex style;v2 minor changes, references adde

El género Antoinella Jeannel, 1937 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae) tres especies nuevas de Marruecos: A. espanyoli sp. n., A. iblanensis sp. n. y A. fadriquei sp. n.

Three new species of the genus Antoinella Jeannel (Carabidae, Trechinae) are described from the region of Taza in Morocco: A. espanyoli n. sp. (the smallest of all Antoinella), A. iblanensis n. sp. (with the end of aedeagus truncate) and A. fadriquei n. sp. (with the aedeagus rather similar to that of A. iblanensis n. sp. but end not truncate). A brief summary on the geographical dispersion of the genus is given. The most distinctive taxonomic characteristics concern the male genitalia; the accompanying drawings contribute further to the identification of the new taxa.Se describen tres especies nuevas del género Antoinella Jeannel: A. espanyoli sp. n. (más pequeña que todas las demás Antoinella), A. iblanensis sp. n. (con la extremidad apical del edeago truncada por delante) y A. fadriquei sp. n. (edeago con un cierto parecido a A. iblanensis sp. n. pero con la extremidad apical no truncada por delante), recolectadas en cavidades del macizo del Atlas marroquí. Se presenta la dispersión geográfica del género. La característica taxonómica más importante concierne a la genitalia masculina; las figuras contribuyen además a la identificación de los nuevos taxones

Las especies ibéricas del grupo de Speonomus speluncarum (Delarouzée, 1857). Descripción de Speonomus ere sp. n. del Pirineo de Huesca, España (Coleoptera, Cholevidae, Leptodirinae)

Speonomus ere n. sp. (Coleoptera, Cholevidae, Leptodirinae) is described from specimens found in 1998 in a cave in the Alanos-Peña Forca massif in the Pyrenees of Huesca, Spain. It belongs to the Speonomus speluncarum (Delarouzée, 1857) group of which only Speonomus lopezsellesi Español, 1950 and Speonomus gaudini arivensis Dupré, 1995 are known on the lberian versant of the Pyrenees. S. ere n. sp. is similar to S. lopezsellesi but has a clearly distinct oedeagus. Key words: S. ere n. sp., Pyrenees, Hecho, Huesca, Spain.Speonomus ere n. sp. (Coleoptera, Cholevidae, Leptodirinae) is described from specimens found in 1998 in a cave in the Alanos-Peña Forca massif in the Pyrenees of Huesca, Spain. It belongs to the Speonomus speluncarum (Delarouzée, 1857) group of which only Speonomus lopezsellesi Español, 1950 and Speonomus gaudini arivensis Dupré, 1995 are known on the lberian versant of the Pyrenees. S. ere n. sp. is similar to S. lopezsellesi but has a clearly distinct oedeagus. Key words: S. ere n. sp., Pyrenees, Hecho, Huesca, Spain.Speonomus ere n. sp. (Coleoptera, Cholevidae, Leptodirinae) is described from specimens found in 1998 in a cave in the Alanos-Peña Forca massif in the Pyrenees of Huesca, Spain. It belongs to the Speonomus speluncarum (Delarouzée, 1857) group of which only Speonomus lopezsellesi Español, 1950 and Speonomus gaudini arivensis Dupré, 1995 are known on the lberian versant of the Pyrenees. S. ere n. sp. is similar to S. lopezsellesi but has a clearly distinct oedeagus. Key words: S. ere n. sp., Pyrenees, Hecho, Huesca, Spain

Distribución del género Stygiophyes Fresneda, 1998 y descripción de Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus ssp. n. (Coleoptera, Cholevidae, Leptodirinae)

New data on the distribution of several species of the genus Stygiophyes Fresneda 1998 (S. aldomai, S. latebricola, S. latebricola elongatus, S. puncticollis, S. saforensis and S. sanctigervasd are presented. The new localities reported include both caves and superficial underground compartments (MSS). Some taxonomic notes regarding the species Stygiophyes aldomai, Stygiophyes ribagorzanus, and Stygiophyes zariquieyi ("bona species") are also included. A new subspecies is described, Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus n. ssp., with material from two localities in Pont de Suert, and one in Vall de Boí (Lleida). Stygiophyes latrunculus is transferred to the genus Speonomites. The colonisation processes that could have resulted in the present distribution of the species of the genus are discussed. Key words: Stygiophyes, Geonemy, Taxonomy, Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus n. ssp., Pyrenees, Spain.New data on the distribution of several species of the genus Stygiophyes Fresneda 1998 (S. aldomai, S. latebricola, S. latebricola elongatus, S. puncticollis, S. saforensis and S. sanctigervasd are presented. The new localities reported include both caves and superficial underground compartments (MSS). Some taxonomic notes regarding the species Stygiophyes aldomai, Stygiophyes ribagorzanus, and Stygiophyes zariquieyi ("bona species") are also included. A new subspecies is described, Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus n. ssp., with material from two localities in Pont de Suert, and one in Vall de Boí (Lleida). Stygiophyes latrunculus is transferred to the genus Speonomites. The colonisation processes that could have resulted in the present distribution of the species of the genus are discussed. Key words: Stygiophyes, Geonemy, Taxonomy, Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus n. ssp., Pyrenees, Spain.New data on the distribution of several species of the genus Stygiophyes Fresneda 1998 (S. aldomai, S. latebricola, S. latebricola elongatus, S. puncticollis, S. saforensis and S. sanctigervasd are presented. The new localities reported include both caves and superficial underground compartments (MSS). Some taxonomic notes regarding the species Stygiophyes aldomai, Stygiophyes ribagorzanus, and Stygiophyes zariquieyi ("bona species") are also included. A new subspecies is described, Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus n. ssp., with material from two localities in Pont de Suert, and one in Vall de Boí (Lleida). Stygiophyes latrunculus is transferred to the genus Speonomites. The colonisation processes that could have resulted in the present distribution of the species of the genus are discussed. Key words: Stygiophyes, Geonemy, Taxonomy, Stygiophyes aldomai allomorphus n. ssp., Pyrenees, Spain

A new approach to automatically evaluate problems that are solved using diagrams

Automatic correction of problems that are solved using diagrams through educational platforms is of great importance, especially in the field of engineering studies. In this paper, we present a new strategy to automatically assess diagrams. The proposed approach is described in detail as well as its application to assess entity/relationship diagrams used in the conceptual design of databases. The results indicate that the differences between manual and automatic assessment is less than 075 points over a total of ten which confirms the validity of the proposed approach. As a conclusion, the validity of the proposed method to assess entity/relationship diagrams reducing teacher correction time and unifying applied correction criteria is corroborated