Cow, farm, and herd management factors in the dry period associated with raised somatic cell counts in early lactation

This study investigated cow characteristics, farm facilities, and herd management strategies during the dry period to examine their joint influence on somatic cell counts (SCC) in early lactation. Data from 52 commercial dairy farms throughout England and Wales were collected over a 2-yr period. For the purpose of analysis, cows were separated into those housed for the dry period (6,419 cow-dry periods) and those at pasture (7,425 cow-dry periods). Bayesian multilevel models were specified with 2 response variables: ln SCC (continuous) and SCC >199,000 cells/mL (binary), both within 30 d of calving. Cow factors associated with an increased SCC after calving were parity, an SCC >199,000 cells/mL in the 60 d before drying off, increasing milk yield 0 to 30 d before drying off, and reduced DIM after calving at the time of SCC estimation. Herd management factors associated with an increased SCC after calving included procedures at drying off, aspects of bedding management, stocking density, and method of pasture grazing. Posterior predictions were used for model assessment, and these indicated that model fit was generally good. The research demonstrated that specific dry-period management strategies have an important influence on SCC in early lactation

Yukari dicle arkeolojik arastirma projesi (UTARP): kenan tepenin kulturel tarihinin on sentezi

Journal ArticleBu raporun amaci Guneydogu Tiirkiye'de, Ilisu Baraji bolgesinde onemli bir arkeolqjik yerle§me olan Kenan Tepe'nin kiiltiir tarihi hakkindaki bugiinkii bilgimizi ozetlemektir (§ekil 1). Bu sentezin biiyiik boliimii Yukan Dicle Arkeolojik Ara§tirma Projesi (UTARP) iiyelerinin 2001 yazinda yiiriittiikleri ara§tirmaya dayanir, ancak 2000 kazi sezonunda kazilmis, olan veriler de kullanilmi§tir. Raporda, verilerin detayli tarifleri yer almaz. Bu bilgiler icin okuyuculanmizi diger UTARP raporlanna yonlendirmekteyiz (Parker et al. 2002a, 2002b, 2003a, 2003b). 2001 yazindaki ara§tirma 21 Haziran - 24 Agustos tarihleri arasinda yapildi. UTARP iiyeleri yerle§menin yedi ayn bolgesinde operasyonlar yonettiler (§ekil 2). A alaninda, gecen yil ba§lattigimiz 2 x 25 m'lik basamak acmada (acma A 2) kazilara devam ettik; bu arada Utah Universitesi'nden bir grup antropolog 2 x 10 m'lik bir seri acma a§arak Kenan Tepe'nin gee donem mezarligini (A 3 - A 7) ara§tirdilar. Biz B alaninda (B 4) 10 x 10 m'lik yeni bir acma actik. C alaninda iki tane yeni 10 x 10 m'lik a§ma acjtik (C 3 ve C 4) ve gecen yil kazdigimiz 5 x 5 m'lik iki a§mada (C 1 ve C 2) kazilara devam ettik. D alaninda gegen yil ba§latilan iki acma 5 x 10 m'ye geni§letildi (D 4 ve D 5).

Yukari dicle arkeolojik arastirma ppojesi (UTARP) kenan tepe 2000 yiki calismalari raporu

Journal ArticleBu rapor, Giineydogu Anadolu'da Diyarbakir ili iginde yer alan Kenan Tepe'nin ilk kazi mevsimi olan 2000 yih gali§malan hakkinda kisaca bilgi verme amacini ta§imaktadir. ilk kazi mevsiminin amaci yerle§menin kronolojisini, Kenan Tepe'de bulunan degi§ik donemlere ait yerle§melerin niteligi ve dogasini belirlemekti. Amacimizi, sorunlan ortaya koyarak ve olu§turdugumuz varsayimlari sinayarak bu dogrultuda be§ ile yedi yil siirmesi planlanan kazinin stratejisini saptamak olarak agiklayabiliriz. Kenan Tepe, Bismil ilgesinin yakla§ik 15 km dogusunda, Diyarbakir-Batman karayolunun hemen yakimnda, Dicle Nehri'ne dogru, Yukan Dicle Havzasi'mn geni§ vadisine bakan kiregtasi kayaliklann uzerinde yer almaktadir (§ekil 1). Kenan Tepe'deki gah§malar Temmuz 2000 yilinin ortalannda ba§layip Agustos sonunda sona ermi§tir. Bu yilki gali§malarda 2 x 25 m boyutlannda basamakli bir agma ile ba§layarak 5 x 5 m'lik on tane agma agtik, iig tane derin sondaj kazdik ve yerle§mede alti alanda iki kesit temizledik (A-F alanlan, §ekil 2)

Yukarı Dicle Arkeolojik Araştırma Projesi (UTARP) boztepe vuzey arastirmasi ve kazilari, talavas, tepe yontemli yuzey arastirmasi, 1999 on rapor

Journal ArticleBoztepe sit alani, Giineydogu Anadolu'da, Diyarbakir ili, Bismil ilce merkezinin 8 km dogusunda yeralir (§ekil 1 ve 2). Bugiinkii haliyle Boztepe kiicuk ve goreceli olarak aleak bir hoyiiktiir. Bazi yerlerde kiiltiir tabakalan 4 m derinlige ula§masina kar§in, hoyiigiin on goriinumiinii cevredeki tepelerden ve kivnmli araziden ayirmak 90k gucttir. Boztepe'de arkeolojik ara§tirmalar 1999 yih Temmuz ayi ba§inda, hoyiigiin iki farkh boliimiinde, dort adet 5x5 m'lik acma ile ba§lami§tir\ Sezon sonu itiban ile bu sayi onbir acmaya ve iki sondaja yiikselmi§tir (§ekil 3). Aym zamanda, Boztepe'de ve hemen yakininda bulunan Talava§ Tepe'de geni§ caph yiizey ara§tirmasi yapilmi§tir (Bkz. §ekil 2 ve a§agisi). Burada, bu calis,malann sonuclannin bir on raporu sunulmaktadir

The upper Tigris archaeological research project: a final report from the 1999 field season

pre-printDuring the summer of 1999 members of the Upper Tigris Archaeological Research Project (UTARP) conducted archaeological excavations and surveys at two sites in the upper Tigris river region of southeastern Turkey. This article presents the results of that research. At the site of Boztepe excavations yielded four Halaf period burials, all of which contained grave goods, and an Iron Age house dated by C14 to the Assyrian Imperial period. Intensive surveys at Talava^ Tepe and Boztepe have refined the chronology and size of both sites. Although the exposures of the Halaf period are very small, these data add important insights into Halaf mortuary practices, while evidence from both Boztepe and Talava? Tepe supplements our understanding of the upper Tigris river region during the Iron Age