Continued fractions and transcendental numbers

It is widely believed that the continued fraction expansion of every irrational algebraic number $\alpha$ either is eventually periodic (and we know that this is the case if and only if $\alpha$ is a quadratic irrational), or it contains arbitrarily large partial quotients. Apparently, this question was first considered by Khintchine. A preliminary step towards its resolution consists in providing explicit examples of transcendental continued fractions. The main purpose of the present work is to present new families of transcendental continued fractions with bounded partial quotients. Our results are derived thanks to new combinatorial transcendence criteria recently obtained by Adamczewski and Bugeaud

A facility for pion-induced nuclear reaction studies with HADES

The combination of a production target for secondary beams, an optimized ion optical beam line setting, in-beam detectors for minimum ionizing particles with high rate capability, and an efficient large acceptance spectrometer around the reaction target constitutes an experimental opportunity to study in detail hadronic interactions utilizing pion beams impinging on nucleons and nuclei. For the 0.4-2.0GeV/c pion momentum regime such a facility is located at the heavy ion synchrotron accelerator SIS18 in Darmstadt (Germany). The layout of the apparatus, performance of its components and encouraging results from a first commissioning run are presented

Radiative transfer and inversion codes for characterizing planetary atmospheres: an overview

The study of planetary atmospheres is crucial for understanding the origin, evolution, and processes that shape celestial bodies like planets, moons and comets. The interpretation of planetary spectra requires a detailed understanding of radiative transfer (RT) and its application through computational codes. With the advancement of observations, atmospheric modelling, and inference techniques, diverse RT and retrieval codes in planetary science have been proliferated. However, the selection of the most suitable code for a given problem can be challenging. To address this issue, we present a comprehensive mini-overview of the different RT and retrieval codes currently developed or available in the field of planetary atmospheres. This study serves as a valuable resource for the planetary science community by providing a clear and accessible list of codes, and offers a useful reference for researchers and practitioners in their selection and application of RT and retrieval codes for planetary atmospheric studies

The Effect of Defoliation Interval on Regrowth of Tall Fescue

Herbage yield, persistence and quality optimise when defoliation interval is based on physiological indicators, such as leaf regrowth stage. Examples include ryegrass (Fulkerson & Donaghy, 2001), cocksfoot (Rawnsley et al., 2002), prairie grass (Fulkerson et al., 2000) and kikuyu (Reeves et al., 1996). Yield, persistence and quality optimise because leaf regrowth stage relates closely to plant energy reserves, which generally peak as the number of live leaves/tiller maximise. More frequent defoliation than the optimum reduces energy reserves and leads to a smaller root system, fewer tillers and retarded growth rate (Fulkerson & Donaghy, 2001). Based on plant physiological development, the optimum defoliation interval for tall fescue has not been defined

Population Dynamics, Winter Ecology and Social Organization of Coats Island Caribou

The indigenous caribou population of Coats Island, N.W.T., suffered major declines from winter mortality in the winters of 1974-75 (a 71% loss) and 1979-80. There was a minor die-off in the winter of 1983-84. Apparently in the major declines the entire calf cohorts (1974 and 1979) died. In the less drastic decline in 1983-84 males, calves and adults, died at greater rates than females. The over-winter losses occurred at different densities and hence were density independent, resulting from snow accumulation and a sparse food supply. Reproductive success was low following severe winters, with 3.7% calves in June 1975 and 8.5% in June 1980. In other years, despite poor winter nutrition, the herd was productive: fall calf: cow ratios of 76:100 in 1981, 57:100 in 1982 and 102:100 in 1983. Apparently cows that survived winter starvation were able to recover despite a short growing season, in the absence of insect and predation influences, and to conceive the following autumn. High summer calf survival in the absence of predation, plus the high proportion of cows in the herd (83%), provided the means for rapid recovery in numbers (r=0.21) when winter conditions ameliorated sufficiently that starvation did not occur.Key words: island caribou, winter mortality, population regulation, social organizationMots clés: caribou des îles, mortalité hivernale, contrôle de la population, organisation social