The State and the Church in the Post-War Struggle for the Ideological Aspect of the Polish Academic Society (Wroclaw 1945–1956)

The position of religion in Czech schools has been the subject of discussion among educationalists since the second half of the nineteenth century. Supporters of the radical current excluded religion from school completely, while conservatives defended the existing situation just as determinedly. Advocates of the reform tendency took the view that religion, as an essential component of modern culture, cannot and must not be ignored in school and that schools must not cut themselves off from centuries-old traditions

The Impact of the Education Reforms of the Years 1773 and 1803 on the Preservation of Polish National Identity in the Eastern Borderlands of the Former Republic of Poland

The first Polish education reform, based on the “Acts of the Commission of National Education” formed in 1773, and the following one, pertaining to the Polish lands in the Russian partition of Poland, which were founded in the “Temporary regulations of public enlightenment”, confirmed by Tsar Alexander I in the form of the Act of May, 1803, were of particular significance for the formation and the functioning of Polish schooling and, as a result, for the formation of national and civic awareness of the Polish society. The reforms made it possible to survive the time of enslavement, particularly in the lands of the former Republic of Poland which were subject to Russian indoctrination, by educating Poles who, after the restoration of their independence, would build the Polish state together with its school system

The Catholic Church in Siberia and its Educational Activities for the 19th Century Polish Exiles

Polish 19th century exiles to Siberia are inseparably connected with the activity of the Catholic Church in the area, which was organized by the Mohyliv archdiocese with an archbishop in Sankt Petersburg. The two central Siberian Roman Catholic parishes (east in Irkutsk and west in Tomsk) were the first official organization for Poles living in the area. They played an important role in the life of a community of people sent away from home against their will, far away from home and their families. The parishes gave these people the ability to fulfil their religious needs and, at the same time, meant a part of their home country and freedom for these people. Thanks to the tremendous effort from Polish priests, who were often exiles themselves, there were libraries, orphanages, refuges, small schools and charitable societies organized in the parish

The Phenomenon of a Polish Kresy Town on the Lithuanian-Belarusian Territory in the 1st Half of the 19th Century

Kresy towns at the turn of the 19th century represented an important element of the Polish history. The Lithuanian-Belarusian territory was covered mainly with small towns and most of them belonged to Polish owners. After 1795, this land was annexed by Russia, which gradually made the area dependent on its political and cultural influences and started a slow russification process. The town of Świsłocz in the Grodzeńska county met the same fate. However, the urban- economical and cultural involvement of count Wincenty Tyszkiewicz, as well as his feeling of responsibility for the inhabitants, allowed him to create the phenomenon of a Kresy town in the first decades of the post-partition period despite difficulties. Perfect architectural foundations, magnificent marketplace and an amazing gymnasium were characteristic of the town. After the fall of the November Uprising, the uniqueness of the town started to wane and, with the loss of its Polishness, it lost its unique character

A Siberian Biełystok – the Polish small homeland in the Tomsk gubernya (turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries)

The free Polish colonisation of Siberia at the turn of the 19th and the 20th century is a small page in the history of the region. The colonisation was caused by, among others, the land reforms that did not fully address all the problems, the edict of 1889 allowing a free settlement beyond the Ural, the start of the construction of the Siberian railway, and the great hunger in Russia. The village of Biełystok is a typical example of the resettlement action and the resulting establishment of Polish villages in Western Siberia. In 1916 its population numbered over 500. The settlers came from western Russian gubernyas, among others those of Wilno, Grodno, Warszawa, and Siedlce. The people farmed the land, and the Catholic church that they constructed helped them preserve their Polish identity, their religion, and morality. After the tragic events of the late 1930s the national character of the population began to change, and the Polish population started to undergo the process of forced integration with the Russians. Currently all that is left in the Siberian village of Biełystok is the awareness of the Polish roots of its founders and a Catholic church repossessed after 1990

Cursed with patriotism. The educational potential of enslavement (Polish society in the Russian Partition of Poland in the first half of the 19th century)

The paper presents the educational space of Polish homes and schools during the Partitions of Poland, with emphasis on its crucial role in the process of integration of the young generation, the birth of solidarity among them, and shaping their national and civic identity. Especially the Enlightenment ideas of the Commission of National Education (Komisja Edukacji Narodowej – KEN) that were to be found in the course books of the Wilno Educational District from 1803 to 1832 made it possible to perpetuate the model of patriotic education originated in family homes

The Roads to Independence of the Female Students of Private Schools in Warsaw

The end of the 19th century in the Kingdom of Poland was a crucial period for the construction of Polish schooling and the fight for its survival. Russian authorities would attempt to limit the number of schools and their Polish character. A uniquely important role was played by schools for girls which, in their reply to the Russian indoctrination process, set as their aim the preparation of the young generation of women for independence and life in liberated Poland. The path to the realisation of this aim was through a double-track education process: simultaneously with official education the system of secret education and upbringing was organised. Thanks to this schools, in the conditions of enslavement, were able to disseminate national education and culture, form patriotic attitudes in their student, teach them to be responsible, and outline their future roles in the free fatherland

Reception of Czechoslovakian Cartoons in the Polish Contemporary Educational Sphere

Czechoslovakian animated movie after many years of having been broadcasted solely on TV, became interactive. Despite passage of time since its broadcasting, it is still easily found and watched in Poland not only online (where the old-time cartoons are easily available), but also published on CD’s or cassettes. It is also a subject of analysis in academic and popular publications. Moreover, they are the theme of art and literary competitions organized by kindergartens, schools, libraries and cultural institutions. They even have their own permanent exhibitions, where requisites related to them are presented. The images of their main characters become a fashionable gadgets presented on the key chains, cutlery, children bedclothes, school accessories, toys etc. They also function in the social and media sphere as advertisements or occasional memes. It was particularly visible during the Euro 2012 tournament, when the internet sphere made the Czechoslovakian cartoons one of the leading theme of the Poland-Czech match. The main feature of this occasional memes was to present the other side by the way of symbols, i.e. recognized and liked characters from Polish and Czechoslovakian cartoons

Wileńskie źródła do badań biograficznych (I połowa XIX wieku)

The following paper aims to present the archival and bibliographical sources from Vilnius. These sources are important for the study of pedagogical biographies of the Polish society in the area of Vilnius Scientific District (1803−1832). Additionally, the paper points out to the problems of contemporary pedagogy historians related to their scientific work in this area.The following paper aims to present the archival and bibliographical sources from Vilnius. These sources are important for the study of pedagogical biographies of the Polish society in the area of Vilnius Scientific District (1803−1832). Additionally, the paper points out to the problems of contemporary pedagogy historians related to their scientific work in this area

Patriotyczne postawy Polaków w prasie Rosji centralnej i jej zachodnich prowincji (II poł. XIX w.)

Autorka sięga do tekstów prasowych Rosji centralnej i jej zachodnich prowincji z II poł. XIX w., które opisywały patriotyczne postawy Polaków i kształtowały ówczesną opinię publiczną w tym zakresie.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00