Patterns in Knot Floer Homology

Based on the data of 12-17-crossing knots, we establish three new conjectures about the hyperbolic volume and knot cohomology: (1) There exists a constant $a \in R_{>0}$ such that $\log r(K) < a \cdot Vol(K)$ for all knots $K$ where $r(K)$ is the total rank of knot Floer homology (KFH) of $K$ and $Vol(K)$ is the hyperbolic volume of $K$. (2) Fix a small cut-off value $d$ of the total rank of KFH and let $f(x)$ be defined as the fraction of knots whose total rank of knot Floer homology is less than $d$ among the knots whose hyperbolic volume is less than $x$. Then for sufficiently large crossing numbers, the following inequality holds: $f(x)<\frac{L}{1+\exp{(-k \cdot (x-x_0))}} + b$ where $L, x_0, k, b$ are constants. (3) There exist constants $a, b \in R$ such that $\log \det(K) < a \cdot Vol(K) + b$ for all knots $K$ where $det(K)$ is the knot determinant of $K$.Comment: The dataset is available on Zenodo (doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7879466). The code is available on GitHub (github.com/eivshina/ patterns-in-knot-floer-homology

Open resources and controlled from distance educational technologies are in engineering education

Работа посвящена изучению опыта применения открытых образовательных ресурсов и дистанционных образовательных технологий в инженерном образовании за рубежом и в России. Описаны основные проблемы создания и внедрения системы электронного обучения в инженерное образование.The work is devoted to studying the experience of the application of open educational resources in engineering education abroad and in Russia. The basic a problem of the creation and implementation of e-learning in engineering education

Features of the Bioconversion of Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Oleanolic Acid Using Rhodococcus Actinobacteria

The ability of actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus to transform oleanolic acid (OA), a plant pentacyclic triterpenoid, was shown for the first time using bioresources of the Regional Specialized Collection of AlkanotrophicMicroorganisms (IEGM; WDCM #768;www.iegmcol.ru). The most promising strains (R.opacus IEGM 488 and R.rhodochrousIEGM 285) were selected, and these catalyzed80% bioconversion of OA (0.5 g/L) in the presence of n-hexadecane (0.1% v/v) for seven days. The process of OA bioconversion was accompanied by a gradual decrease in the culture medium pH. Adaptive responses of bacterial cells to the OA effects included the formation of compact cellular aggregates, a marked change in the surface-to-volume ratio of cells, and a significant increase in the Zeta potential values. The results demonstrated that the process of OA bioconversion was catalyzed by membrane-bound enzyme complexes. Participation of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases in the oxidation of the OA moleculewas confirmedusing specific inhibitors. The obtained data expand our knowledge on the catalytic activity of actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus and their possible use as biocatalysts for the bioconversion of complex hydrophobic compounds. The results can also be used inthe searchfor promising OA derivatives to be used in the synthesis of biologically active agents. Keywords: bioconversion, oleanolic acid, Rhodococcus, biologically active compound

Essential role for non-canonical poly(A) polymerase GLD4 in cytoplasmic polyadenylation and carbohydrate metabolism

Regulation of gene expression at the level of cytoplasmic polyadenylation is important for many biological phenomena including cell cycle progression, mitochondrial respiration, and learning and memory. GLD4 is one of the non-canonical poly(A) polymerases that regulates cytoplasmic polyadenylation-induced translation, but its target mRNAs and role in cellular physiology is not well known. To assess the full panoply of mRNAs whose polyadenylation is controlled by GLD4, we performed an unbiased whole genome-wide screen using poy(U) chromatography and thermal elution. We identified hundreds of mRNAs regulated by GLD4, several of which are involved in carbohydrate metabolism including GLUT1, a major glucose transporter. Depletion of GLD4 not only reduced GLUT1 poly(A) tail length, but also GLUT1 protein. GLD4-mediated translational control of GLUT1 mRNA is dependent of an RNA binding protein, CPEB1, and its binding elements in the 3 UTR. Through regulating GLUT1 level, GLD4 affects glucose uptake into cells and lactate levels. Moreover, GLD4 depletion impairs glucose deprivation-induced GLUT1 up-regulation. In addition, we found that GLD4 affects glucose-dependent cellular phenotypes such as migration and invasion in glioblastoma cells. Our observations delineate a novel post-transcriptional regulatory network involving carbohydrate metabolism and glucose homeostasis mediated by GLD4

Finding Exogenous Variables in Data with Many More Variables than Observations

Many statistical methods have been proposed to estimate causal models in classical situations with fewer variables than observations (p<n, p: the number of variables and n: the number of observations). However, modern datasets including gene expression data need high-dimensional causal modeling in challenging situations with orders of magnitude more variables than observations (p>>n). In this paper, we propose a method to find exogenous variables in a linear non-Gaussian causal model, which requires much smaller sample sizes than conventional methods and works even when p>>n. The key idea is to identify which variables are exogenous based on non-Gaussianity instead of estimating the entire structure of the model. Exogenous variables work as triggers that activate a causal chain in the model, and their identification leads to more efficient experimental designs and better understanding of the causal mechanism. We present experiments with artificial data and real-world gene expression data to evaluate the method.Comment: A revised version of this was published in Proc. ICANN201

Elderly abuse: risk factors and nursing role

Elderly abuse is still a hidden problem, often underestimated. It is much more common than the data available suggest. Unfortunately, the incidence is expected to grow with the progressive increase in the elderly population in the future. The aim was to examine the available literature in the last 5 years to define the state of art on this phenomenon, with particular regard to the nursing role in elderly abuse, focusing on the possible types of mistreatment, the motivations and preventive interventions. Articles published in the last 5 years regarding the mistreatment of the elderly were selected, by using scientifically recognized databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge. Several keywords were used for the query among which were: "elderly abuse" and "elderly abuse in nursing home". Moreover, to better understand the entity of the phenomenon, we also searched the corresponding keywords for child abuse. Considering the Scopus database, only 78 out of 1,342 published articles in the last 5 years deal with abuse of the elderly in relation to nursing, representing a very small part (5.81%) of the considered sample. Comparing the number of articles, the ratio child/elderly is equal to 1/0.04, underlying the poor interest of research on this phenomenon. Moreover, it was observed that elderly abuse in nursing homes is still underreported in both original articles and reviews. Despite the aging of the population, elderly abuse and neglect still remain hidden problems, overlooked and also underestimated in the literature

ОЦЕНКА ГОТОВНОСТИ К СПОРТИВНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В ЧИР СПОРТЕ СПОРТСМЕНОВ-СТУДЕНТОВ, ИМЕЮЩИХ ОПЫТ В РАЗНЫХ ВИДАХ СПОРТА

Cheer sport is rapidly gaining popularity including in student sports which determines the relevance of research on the problems of its development in student sports. The article is devoted to the study of the readiness of student-athletes engaged in various difficult-coordination sports to continue a sports career in cheer sports. The purpose of the study was to identify the initial level of development of leading physical qualities and special technical skills for cheerleaders in athletes of different specializations to determine readiness for sports improvement in the university student cheer sports team. The study was conducted using the method of control tests using tests to assess the leading physical qualities and special technical skills of cheerleaders. The results of the study showed that the level of readiness for sports improvement in student cheerleading teams of athletes who had sports experience in various sports is due to the specifics of their previous sports activities. At the same time, athletes who have previously engaged in sports with an acrobatic orientation have the skills to perform acrobatic tracks required in competitive activities in cheerleading. A good level of flexibility development in girls contributes to the implementation of complex static elements of competitive activity in cheerleading. A good level of development of strength abilities possessed by young men who have previously engaged in strength sports can serve as the basis for their successful performance of such elements of cheerleading as support and emissions. The significance of the conducted research lies in the establishment of the need to assess the initial level of readiness for sports improvement in the cheer sport of athletes who previously engaged in various sports. The information obtained will allow the coach to individualize the training process, focusing on the development of missing or underdeveloped qualities and skills of each athlete, which will allow him to determine the optimal competitive program of the team for the successful preparation of the team for the competition.Чир спорт стремительно набирает популярность, в том числе в студенческом спорте, что обусловливает актуальность исследования, посвященного проблемам его развития в студенческом спорте. Статья посвящена исследованию готовности студентов-спортсменов, занимавшихся разными сложно-координационными видами спорта к продолжению спортивной карьеры в чир спорте. Цель исследования заключалась в выявлении исходного уровня развития ведущих физических качеств и специальных технических навыков для чирлидеров у спортсменов разных специализаций для определения готовности к спортивному совершенствованию в студенческой команде вуза по чир спорту. Исследование проводилось с помощью метода контрольных испытаний с использованием тестов для оценки ведущих физических качеств и специальных технических навыков чирлидеров. Результаты исследования показали, что уровень готовности к спортивному совершенствованию в студенческих командах по чирлидингу спортсменов, имевших спортивный опыт в разных видах спорта, обусловлен спецификой их предыдущей спортивной деятельности. При этом спортсмены, ранее занимавшиеся видами спорта с акробатической направленностью, имеют навыки выполнения акробатических дорожек, требующихся в соревновательной деятельности в чирлидинге. Хороший уровень развития гибкости у девушек способствует выполнению сложных статических элементов соревновательной деятельности в чирлидинге. Хороший уровень развития силовых способностей, которым обладают юноши, ранее занимавшиеся силовыми видами спорта, может послужить основой для успешного выполнения ими таких элементов чирлидинга, как поддержки и выбросы. Значимость проведенного исследования заключается в установлении необходимости оценки исходного уровня готовности к спортивному совершенствованию в чир спорте спортсменов, ранее занимавшихся разными видами спорта. Полученная информация позволит тренеру индивидуализировать тренировочный процесс, делая акцент на развитие недостающих или слаборазвитых качеств и навыков каждого атлета, что позволит ему определить оптимальную соревновательную программу команды для успешной подготовки команды к соревнованиям