Influence of e-Content Based Coaching on Selected Fundamental Skills in Field Hockey

The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of e-content based coaching on selected fundamental skills in Field Hockey. To achieve the purpose of this study 30 male under graduate students from Meenatchi Ramasamy group of institutions, Thathanur, Tamilnadu, India were selected as subjects and their age ranged between 17 and 20 years. The study was formulated as a true random group design, consisting of a pre-test and post-test. The subjects were randomly assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each and named as Group ‘A’ and Group ‘B’. Group ‘A’ underwent teaching & coaching with e-content package and Group ‘B’ undergone teaching & coaching without e-content package. The teaching & coaching with e-content group were shown the content developed electronically by the investigators and the other group was given teaching & coaching only in the field. Both the groups undergone respective schedule for six weeks on alternate days. Teaching & coaching session in the field lasted for 60 minutes and e-content schedule was meted out for 20 minutes. The fundamental skills namely straight hit, wrong foot hit, straight push, wrong foot push, straight flick, wrong foot flick and scoop in Hockey were selected as variables. The subjective rating was done by three qualified coaches on each skill selected in this study. The rating was done on 10 points scale by each coach and average on each skill was taken as individual score. Analysis of covariance was used, where the final means were adjusted for differences in the initial means, and the adjusted means were tested for significance. From the analysis of data it was found that the teaching & coaching combined with e-content package group showed significant improvement on all selected fundamental skills in Field Hockey

Factors associated with spontaneous stone passage in a contemporary cohort of patients presenting with acute ureteric colic. Results from the MIMIC Study (A Multi-centre cohort study evaluating the role of Inflammatory Markers in patients presenting with acute ureteric Colic)

Objectives There is conflicting data on the role of white blood cell count (WBC) and other inflammatory markers in spontaneous stone passage in patients with acute ureteric colic. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship of WBC and other routinely collected inflammatory and clinical markers including stone size, stone position and Medically Expulsive Therapy use (MET) with spontaneous stone passage (SSP) in a large contemporary cohort of patients with acute ureteric colic. Subjects and Methods Multi‐centre retrospective cohort study coordinated by the British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST) Research Collaborative at 71 secondary care hospitals across 4 countries (United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Australia and New Zealand). 4170 patients presented with acute ureteric colic and a computer tomography confirmed single ureteric stone. Our primary outcome measure was SSP as defined by the absence of need for intervention to assist stone passage. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between key patient factors and SSP. Results 2518 patients were discharged with conservative management and had further follow up with a SSP rate of 74% (n = 1874/2518). Sepsis after discharge with conservative management was reported in 0.6% (n = 16/2518). On multivariable analysis neither WBC, Neutrophils or CRP were seen to predict SSP, with an adjusted OR of 0.97 [95% CI 0.91 to 1.04, p = 0.38], 1.06 [95% CI 0.99 to 1.13, p = 0.1] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.99 to 1.00, p = 0.17], respectively. Medical expulsive therapy (MET) also did not predict SSP [adjusted OR 1.11 [95% CI 0.76 to 1.61]). However, stone size and stone position were significant predictors. SSP for stones 7mm. For stones in the upper ureter the SSP rate was 52% [95% CI 48 to 56], middle ureter was 70% [95% CI 64 to 76], and lower ureter was 83% [95% CI 81 to 85]. Conclusion In contrast to the previously published literature, we found that in patients with acute ureteric colic who are discharged with initial conservative management, neither WBC, Neutrophil count or CRP help determine the likelihood of spontaneous stone passage. We also found no overall benefit from the use of MET. Stone size and position are important predictors and our findings represent the most comprehensive stone passage rates for each mm increase in stone size from a large contemporary cohort adjusting for key potential confounders. We anticipate that these data will aid clinicians managing patients with acute ureteric colic and help guide management decisions and the need for intervention

Olefin metathesis and metathesis polymerization /

This book is a follow-up to Ivins Olefin Metathesis, (Academic Press, 1983). Bringing the standard text in the field up to date, this Second Edition is a result of rapid growth in the field, sparked by the discovery of numerous well-defined metal carbene complexes that can act as very efficient initiators of all types of olefin metathesis reaction, including ring-closing metathesis of acyclic dienes, enynes, and dienynes; ring-opening metathesis polymerizationof cycloalkenes, acyclic diene metathesis polymerization; and polymerization of alkynes, as well as simple olefin metathesis. Olefin Metathesis and Metathesis Polymerization provides a broad, up-to-date account of the subject from its beginnings in 1957 to the latest applications in organic synthesis. The book follows the same format as the original, making it useful toteachers and to researchers, and will be of particular interest to those working in the fields of organic chemistry, polymer chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, materials science and chemical engineering. Key Features * Discusses different classes of olefin metathesis and the choice of reaction conditions and catalyst * Considers commercial processes with examples from existing and new technologies * Provides a complete overview of the subject from its beginning to the present day.This book is a follow-up to Ivins Olefin Metathesis, (Academic Press, 1983). Bringing the standard text in the field up to date, this Second Edition is a result of rapid growth in the field, sparked by the discovery of numerous well-defined metal carbene complexes that can act as very efficient initiators of all types of olefin metathesis reaction, including ring-closing metathesis of acyclic dienes, enynes, and dienynes; ring-opening metathesis polymerizationof cycloalkenes, acyclic diene metathesis polymerization; and polymerization of alkynes, as well as simple olefin metathesis. Olefin Metathesis and Metathesis Polymerization provides a broad, up-to-date account of the subject from its beginnings in 1957 to the latest applications in organic synthesis. The book follows the same format as the original, making it useful toteachers and to researchers, and will be of particular interest to those working in the fields of organic chemistry, polymer chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, materials science and chemical engineering. Key Features * Discusses different classes of olefin metathesis and the choice of reaction conditions and catalyst * Considers commercial processes with examples from existing and new technologies * Provides a complete overview of the subject from its beginning to the present day.Preface. Abbreviations. Introduction: The Olefin Metathesis Reaction. Brief History. The Metal Carbene Mechanism. Equilibria and Stereoselectivity. Survey of Catalyst Systems: Group IV. Group V. GroupVI. Group VII. Group VIII. Photochemically Activated Catalysts. The Metal Carbene/Metallacyclobutane Mechanism: Evidence from Cross-Metathesis Reactions. Evidence from the Stereochemistry of Metathesis of Internal Olefins. Evidence from Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP). Evidence from the reactions of Well-Defined Metal Carbene Complexes. Evidence from the Reactions of Metallacyclobutane Complexes. Evidence of Initiating Species in Systems with Non-Carbene Catalysts. Theoretical Treatments. Related Reactions: [2+2] Reactions Between Compounds Containing Multiple Bonds. Relationship to Ziegler-Natta Polymerization. Involvement of Three-Membered Ring Compounds in Metathesis Reactions. Ethene and Terminal Alkenes: Ethene. Propene. But-1-ene and its Derivatives. Pent-1-ene and its Derivatives. Hex-1-ene and its Derivatives. Higher Acyclic Terminal Alkenes. Acyclic Disubstituted and Trisubstituted Ethenes. Cis/trans Isomerization. Pent-2-ene and 4-Substituted Derivatives. Hex-2-ene and 4-Methylhex-2-ene. Hept-2-ene and Hept-3-ene. Higher Acyclic Internal Olefins. Stereoselectivity in the Metathesis of Acyclic Olefins. 1,1-Disubstituted Olefins. Trisubstituted Ethenes. Acyclic Functionalized Alkenes: Esters. Other Carbonyl-Containing Compounds. Ethers. Amines. Nitriles. Chlorides and Bromides. Sulfides and Sulfonates. Silancs and Germanes. Phospanes. Acyclic Dienes: Double Bonds Linked only by C Atoms. Double Bonds Linked by C and Si, Ge orSn Atoms. Double Bonds Linked by C and N Atoms. Double Bonds Linked by C, Si, and O Atoms. Divinylferrocene. Some Further Applications in Organic Synthesis. Copolymers by Metathesis Condensation. Cross-Metathesis Between Acyclic Compounds: Ethene. Propene. Butenes. Pentenes. Hexenes. Higher Olefins. Functionalized Olefins. Acetylenes: Metathesis Reactions Involving Total Cleavage of the C=C bond. Metathesis Reactions Involving Cleavage of Two of the thress C=C Bonds. Metathesis Reactions of Enynes and Dienynes. Other Metathesis Routes to Polyacetylenes. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: General Aspects: Thermodynamic Aspects. Efficiency of Initiation. The Use of Chain-Transfer Agents. Molecular Weight Distributions. Polymer Micostructure. Monocyclic Alkenes and Polyenes: Four-Membered Rings. Five-Membered Rings. Six-Membered Rings. Seven-Membered Rings. Eight-Membered Rings. Nine-Membered Rings. Ten-Membered Rings. Twelve-Membered and Other Rings. Polycyclic Alkenes: Monomers Containing a Fused Cyclobutene Ring. Monomers Containing a Fused Cyclopentene Ring and One Double Bond. Monomers Containing a Fused Cyclopentene Ring and More than One Double Bond. Bicyclo[2.2.1] Compounds Containing Heteroatoms in the Ring System. Other Bicyclic Compounds. Copolymers of Cycloalkenes: Direct Metathesis Copolymerization. Cyclic Co-Oligomers. Block Copolymers by Sequential Addition of Monomers to Living Systems. Block Copolymers by Modification of Homopolymers. Comb and GraftCopolymers. Copolymers by ROMP in Conjunction with Radical Reactions. Cross-Metathesis Between Cyclic and Acyclic Olefins: End-Groups and Telomers. Dependence of Molecular Weight on [M2]/[M1]. Kinetic Data. Degradation of UnsaturatedPolymers by Metathesis: Degradation by Intramolecular Metathesis. Applications of the Olefin Metathesis Reaction: The Phillips Triolefin Process. The Neohexene Process. The Shell Higher Olefins Process. Other Multistage Processes Involving Metathesis. The Isoamylene Process. (Circle around alpha and omega) (( -Diolefins. trans-Poly(1-Pentenylene). trans-Poly(1-octenylene). Polymers of Norhornene. Polymers of Norbornene Derivatives. Miscellaneous. Bibliography. Subject Index.Revised and expanded ed. (with some original material compressed) of: Olefin metathesis / K.J. Ivin. London ; New York : Academic Press, 1983.Includes bibliographical references (pages 411-460) and index.Print version record.Elsevie