Phase transformation B1 to B2 in TiC, TiN, ZrC and ZrN under pressure

Phase stability of various phases of MX (M = Ti, Zr; X = C, N) at equilibrium and under pressure is examined based on first-principles calculations of the electronic and phonon structures. The results reveal that all B1 (NaCl-type) MX structures undergo a phase transition to the B2-structures under high pressure in agreement with the previous total-energy calculations. The B1-MX structures are dynamically stable under very high pressure (210-570 GPa). The pressure-induced B2 (CsCl-type) MC phases are dynamically unstable even at high pressures, and TiN and ZrN are found to crystallize with the B2-structure only at pressures above 55 GPa. The first-order B1-to-B2 phase transition in these nitrides is not related to the softening of phonon modes, and the dynamical instability of B2-MX is associated with a high density of states at the Fermi level.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Phase Diagram of the AgGaS2–AgIn5S8 System

На основі результатів рентгенофазового (РФА) та диференційно-термічного (ДТА) аналізів побудовано діаграму стану системи AgGaS2–AgIn5S8. According to the results of X-ray and differential-thermal analysis, phase diagram of the system AgGaS 2–AgIn5S8 was constructed

The Isothermal Section of Ag 2 Se–CdSe–In 2 Se 3 System at 820 K.

Методами рентгенофазового, мікроструктурного аналізів та вимірюванням мікротвердості досліджено квазіпотрійну систему Ag2Se–CdSe–In2Se3. За результатами досліджень та літературними даними побудовано ізотермічний переріз при 820 К. Встановлено існування тетрарної сполуки Ag0,4Cd0,4In6,3Se10. The quasi-ternary system Ag2Se–CdSe–In2Se3 was investigated by XRD and microstructure analysis and microhardness measurements. The isothermal section at 820 K was constructed from the investigation results and literature data. The existence of a quaternary compound Ag0,4Cd0,4In6,3Se10 was istablished

AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 and AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 systems

Враховуючи дані, отримані за результатами РФА, МСА, ДТА та поміру мікротвердості, було побудовано діаграми стану систем AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 та AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6. У системі AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 існує евтектична точка LE ↔ α + β при 1030 К та 24 мол. % AgGaSe2, де α – тверді розчини на основі високотемпературної модифікації (ВТМ) AgInSe2, β – тверді розчини на основі сполуки AgGaSe2 та низькотемпературної модифікації (НТМ) AgInSe2. Нескінченний ряд β-твердих розчинів кристалізується в структурі халькопіриту. В системі AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 існує евтектична точка LE ↔α + γ при 960 К та 60 мол. % AgGaSe2. According to the data obtained from the results of X-ray, X-ray structural, microstructural, differential-thermal analysis and measurement of microhardness, phase diagrams of the systems AgInSe 2 – AgGaSe2 and AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 were constructed. There is eutectic point LE ↔ α + β at 1030 К and 24 mol. % AgGaSe2 in the AgInSe2 – AgGaSe2 system, where α – solid solutions based on the high-temperature modification (HTM) of AgInSe 2, β – solid solutions based on the compound AgGaSe2 and low-temperature modification (LTM) of AgInSe 2. A continuous series of β-solid solutions crystallize in the chalcopyrite structure. There is eutectic point L E ↔ α + γ at 960 К and 60 mol. % AgGaSe2 in the AgInSe2 – Ag9GaSe6 system

A STUDY USING ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (EPR) TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF HYDROPHILIC POLYMER COATINGS BASED ON CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOS

This study is devoted to developing a new method of qualitative analysis of hydrophilic polymer coatings on fiber glass utilized for separation oil in water emulsions.Source of funding: research supported by a Russian grant. Scientific Fund No. 23-23-00125

Cosmological scalar fields that mimic the ΛCDM\Lambda CDM cosmological model

We look for cosmologies with a scalar field (dark energy without cosmological constant), which mimic the standard $\Lambda CDM$ cosmological model yielding exactly the same large-scale geometry described by the evolution of the Hubble parameter (i.e. photometric distance and angular diameter distance as functions on $z$). Asymptotic behavior of the field solutions is studied in the case of spatially flat Universe with pressureless matter and separable scalar field Lagrangians (power-law kinetic term + power-law potential). Exact analytic solutions are found in some special cases. A number of models have the field solutions with infinite behavior in the past or even singular behavior at finite redshifts. We point out that introduction of the cosmological scalar field involves some degeneracy leading to lower precision in determination of $\Omega_m$. To remove this degeneracy additional information is needed beyond the data on large-scale geometry.Comment: VIII International Conference "Relativistic Astrophysics, Gravitation and Cosmology": May 21-23, 2008, Kyiv, Ukrain

Percolation in Models of Thin Film Depositions

We have studied the percolation behaviour of deposits for different (2+1)-dimensional models of surface layer formation. The mixed model of deposition was used, where particles were deposited selectively according to the random (RD) and ballistic (BD) deposition rules. In the mixed one-component models with deposition of only conducting particles, the mean height of the percolation layer (measured in monolayers) grows continuously from 0.89832 for the pure RD model to 2.605 for the pure RD model, but the percolation transition belong to the same universality class, as in the 2- dimensional random percolation problem. In two- component models with deposition of conducting and isolating particles, the percolation layer height approaches infinity as concentration of the isolating particles becomes higher than some critical value. The crossover from 2d to 3d percolation was observed with increase of the percolation layer height.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Correlation function of quasars in real and redshift space from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7

We analyze the quasar two-point correlation function (2pCF) within the redshift interval $0.8<z<2.2$ using a sample of 52303 quasars selected from the recent 7th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our approach to 2pCF uses a concept of locally Lorentz (Fermi) frame for determination of the distance between objects and permutation method of the random catalogue generation. Assuming the spatially flat cosmological model with given $\Omega_{\Lambda}=0.726$, we found that the real-space 2pCF is fitted well with the power-low model within the distance range $1<\sigma<35$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc with the correlation length $r_{0}=5.85\pm0.33$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc and the slope $\gamma=1.87\pm0.07$. The redshift-space 2pCF is approximated with $s_{0}=6.43\pm0.63$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc and $\gamma=1.21\pm0.24$ for $1<s<10$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc, and $s_{0}=7.37\pm0.81$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc and $\gamma=1.90\pm0.24$ for $1010\,h^{-1}$ Mpc the parameter describing the large-scale infall to density inhomogeneities is $\beta=0.63\pm0.10$ with the linear bias $b=1.44\pm0.22$ that marginally (within 2$\sigma$) agrees with the linear theory of cosmological perturbations. We discuss possibilities to obtain a statistical estimate of the random component of quasars velocities (different from the large-scale infall). We note rather slight dependence of quasars velocity dispersion upon the 2pCF parameters in the region $r<2$ Mpc.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figures, online published in MNRAS; final version to match the published versio

Breeding value of potato hybrid clones from the VIR collection revealed in the environments of Kamchatka Territory

Background. Potato breeding involves planned artificial hybridization between previously selected parental lines. A way to make potato breeding more efficient is to use the diversity of the germplasm and broaden the gene pool of parental lines. Interspecific potato hybrids originated on the elite potato germplasm display a set of valuable traits. The current challenge is to assess the performance of potato hybrids under specific soil and climate conditions to clarify their breeding value.The objective of the study was to evaluate potato hybrids in the environments of Kamchatka Territory according to a set of traits, identify the best parental lines, develop new hybrid combinations, and select promising breeding material.Materials and methods. Eleven potato hybrids from VIR were studied over three years (2020–2022) in the fields of Kamchatka Research Institute of Agriculture. The hybrids were benchmarked against two reference potato cultivars, ‘Fresco’ and ‘Vulkan’, belonging to the early and mid-early maturity groups, respectively. Crosses between the hybrids and 28 potato cultivars were carried out in the greenhouse. The new hybrid material was tested in a preliminary trial nursery for yield and earliness.Results. Hybrid 117-2 was better in yield (899 g/plant) than cvs. ‘Vulkan’ and ‘Fresco’ (700–739 g/plant). Hybrids 94-5, 99-10- 1, 8-1-2004, 8-3-2004, 8-5-2004, 135-3-2005, 135-5-2005, 99-6-6, and 134-2-2006 in most traits matched the potato cultivars, manifesting good berry formation and seed setting when crossed. Out of 140 crosses between 11 hybrids and 28 cultivars, 35 crosses between 10 hybrids and 13 cultivars were successful. Most hybrids were effectively used in crossings as maternal forms.Conclusion. VIR’s hybrids 94-5, 8-1-2004, and 8-5-2004 proved the most promising as source material for the development of new early potatoes under the conditions of Kamchatka Territory