Modern aspects of clinico-pathological characteristics and treatment of malignant colonic obstruction

The colorectal cancer is diagnosedatits complicated stage in 40 to 60%, including 35% with symtptoms of colonic obstruction. The postoperative mortality remains high, as well ast helethality. Our aim is to study the up-to-date aspects in the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of malignant colonic obstruction (colon ileus cancer). From 1009 patients operated for24 years (1982-2005) with colorectal cancer with median age 67 years 378 patients (37.4%) were over 70years. The most important aim is too vercome the obstruction and restore the intestinal passage and if possible performare section of the tumor. The surgical tactics in case of malignat obstruction of the right colon is well described in the literature, but the question of tactics in case of left colon remains-single or double-tage operation. Other methods have also been discussed, suchascecostomy, NdYAG laser vaporization of the obstructing tumor. The stenting is related with significant advantages and is used for palliative procedures or as a bridge to surgery.Scripta Scientifica Medica 2011;43(2):63-7

Design of a pulse power supply unit for micro-ECM

Electrochemical micro-machining (μECM) requires a particular pulse power supply unit (PSU) to be developed in order to achieve desired machining performance. This paper summarises the development of a pulse PSU meeting the requirements of μECM. The pulse power supply provides tens of nanosecond pulse duration, positive and negative bias voltages and a polarity switching functionality. It fulfils the needs for tool preparation with reversed pulsed ECM on the machine. Moreover, the PSU is equipped with an ultrafast overcurrent protection which prevents the tool electrode from being damaged in case of short circuits. The developed pulse PSU was used to fabricate micro-tools out of 170 μm WC-Co alloy shafts via micro-electrochemical turning and drill deep holes via μECM in a disk made of 18NiCr6. The electrolyte used for both processes was a mixture of sulphuric acid and NaNO3 aqueous solutions.The research reported in this paper is supported by the European Commission within the project “Minimizing Defects in Micro-Manufacturing Applications (MIDEMMA)” (FP7-2011-NMP-ICT-FoF-285614

SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE VAGINA (LITERATURE REVIEW AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS)

Small cell carcinoma of the vagina is a very rare manifestation of neuroendocrine tumors. In the article, a review of literature on this problem and description of the clinical course and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the vagina from 3 our observations are presented. Personalized approach and combination treatment are, in our opinion, the main principles of treatment of these patients

Primordial Black Holes: sirens of the early Universe

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are, typically light, black holes which can form in the early Universe. There are a number of formation mechanisms, including the collapse of large density perturbations, cosmic string loops and bubble collisions. The number of PBHs formed is tightly constrained by the consequences of their evaporation and their lensing and dynamical effects. Therefore PBHs are a powerful probe of the physics of the early Universe, in particular models of inflation. They are also a potential cold dark matter candidate.Comment: 21 pages. To be published in "Quantum Aspects of Black Holes", ed. X. Calmet (Springer, 2014

Smc5/6: a link between DNA repair and unidirectional replication?

Of the three structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complexes, two directly regulate chromosome dynamics. The third, Smc5/6, functions mainly in homologous recombination and in completing DNA replication. The literature suggests that Smc5/6 coordinates DNA repair, in part through post-translational modification of uncharacterized target proteins that can dictate their subcellular localization, and that Smc5/6 also functions to establish DNA-damage-dependent cohesion. A nucleolar-specific Smc5/6 function has been proposed because Smc5/6 yeast mutants display penetrant phenotypes of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) instability. rDNA repeats are replicated unidirectionally. Here, we propose that unidirectional replication, combined with global Smc5/6 functions, can explain the apparent rDNA specificity

ESD characterization of planar InGaAs devices

We present a comprehensive study of ESD reliability (TLP) on planar nMOSFETs with In0.53Ga0.47As as the channel material. Two types of traps are found during ESD stress. They are formed through independent mechanisms: transient Ef-lowering induced pre-existing e-traps discharging in the gate stack and hot hole induced e-traps generation through impact ionization in the InP buffer. These two types of traps explain the observed walk-out of off-state channel leakage current as well as the two-stage current conduction phenomena in the TLP measurement. The generated e-traps are permanent and can introduce detrimental conduction current harmful to the device performance. By properly selecting the buffer material, these defects can be removed

MODERN TREATMENT MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNOLOGIES RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION

The purpose of the research was the study of the effectiveness of balloon angioplasty and stenting of renal arteries to improve the microcirculation of the kidneys in patients with renovascular hypertension. During the period from 2010 to 2012 inclusive in the vascular compartment BSMU clinic were examined and treated 32 patients with renal artery stenosis. Inclusion criteria were: presence of verified violations of regional circulation in the kidney, the presence of symptomatic renovascular hypertension. Measures the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure mast. Patients received antihypertensive treatment to endovascular treatment. Treatment with antihypertensive medication was effective only in 9.8 % of cases. Diagnostic angiography of the renal arteries was performed using angiographic complex INNOVA 3131 IQ. After analyzing the data, the question of stenting or balloon angioplasty. After a detailed survey of 32 patients underwent endovascular intervention for renal artery 6 balloon angioplasty and stenting 26. Following the procedure, the hypotensive effect was observed in all cases. Evaluation of the results showed a significant reduction in the maximum rise in systolic blood pressure by 28 %, diastolic - 21 %. After endovascular intervention, the mean systolic blood pressure decreased by 10%, the average diastolic blood pressure - 15 %. Mean arterial pressure decreased by 8 %. In a review of the effectiveness of endovascular procedures with the original length and the degree of hypertension. Thus, roentgenendovascular treatment improves microcirculation in the renal tissue, which leads to the hypotensive effect of a predominantly marked reduction of maximum systolic blood pressure

Interplay of Mre11 Nuclease with Dna2 plus Sgs1 in Rad51-Dependent Recombinational Repair

The Mre11/Rad50/Xrs2 complex initiates IR repair by binding to the end of a double-strand break, resulting in 5′ to 3′ exonuclease degradation creating a single-stranded 3′ overhang competent for strand invasion into the unbroken chromosome. The nuclease(s) involved are not well understood. Mre11 encodes a nuclease, but it has 3′ to 5′, rather than 5′ to 3′ activity. Furthermore, mutations that inactivate only the nuclease activity of Mre11 but not its other repair functions, mre11-D56N and mre11-H125N, are resistant to IR. This suggests that another nuclease can catalyze 5′ to 3′ degradation. One candidate nuclease that has not been tested to date because it is encoded by an essential gene is the Dna2 helicase/nuclease. We recently reported the ability to suppress the lethality of a dna2Δ with a pif1Δ. The dna2Δ pif1Δ mutant is IR-resistant. We have determined that dna2Δ pif1Δ mre11-D56N and dna2Δ pif1Δ mre11-H125N strains are equally as sensitive to IR as mre11Δ strains, suggesting that in the absence of Dna2, Mre11 nuclease carries out repair. The dna2Δ pif1Δ mre11-D56N triple mutant is complemented by plasmids expressing Mre11, Dna2 or dna2K1080E, a mutant with defective helicase and functional nuclease, demonstrating that the nuclease of Dna2 compensates for the absence of Mre11 nuclease in IR repair, presumably in 5′ to 3′ degradation at DSB ends. We further show that sgs1Δ mre11-H125N, but not sgs1Δ, is very sensitive to IR, implicating the Sgs1 helicase in the Dna2-mediated pathway