Vertikalna rasprostranjenost cezijuma-137 u obradivim i neobradivim zemljištima

This paper introduces the distribution BACKGROUND: and unique characteristics of 137Cs in cultivated and undisturbed areas. The samples were taken from three measuring points of the depth of 1 m. We examined all visible horizons and determined their classifications. There were four horizons in one profile. All four horizons had a different zone thickness. 137Cs is an artificial radionuclide that has been produced primarily as a result of atmospheric thermonuclear weapon tests since the 1950. Also, the great amount of 137Cs (~85 PBq) was released in the atmosphere during the Chernobyl accident. So, 137Cs has been globally distributed, with fallout rates generally related to latitude and precipitation depth. The movement of 137Cs in soil is primarily controlled by soil erosion processes, such as processes caused by water, wind, and tillage. Thus, 137Cs is a valuable tracer to study soil erosion. The specific activity of 137Cs in soil and sediment samples was determined by using the gamma-spectrometric method.U ovom radu prikazana je rasprostranjenost i jedinstvene karakteristike cezijuma-137 kako u obradivim tako i u neobradivim zemljištima. Uzorkovanje je vršeno na tri merna mesta do 1 m dubine. Ispitani su svi vidljivi horizonti i utvrđeno je postojanje 4 horizonta u jednom profilu, koji su različitih debljina. Cezijum-137 je veštački radioizotop koji je nastao kao posledica termonuklearnih reakcija ispitivanog oružja u atmosferi zemlje kao i neželjeni proizvod nuklearnih akcidenata (Černobil, 1986). Ovaj radioizotop je široko rasprostranjen u celom svetu, gde se njegova migracija u zemljištu prati pomoću intenziteta erozije potpomognutim vodom i vetrom. Stoga je cezijum-137 važan faktor pri određivanju intenziteta erozije kako u zemljištu tako i u sedimentima, te je određena njegova specifična aktivnost korišćenjem gama spektrometrije

Drought Impact Is Alleviated in Sugar Beets (Beta vulgaris L.) by Foliar Application of Fullerenol Nanoparticles

Over the past few years, significant efforts have been made to decrease the effects of drought stress on plant productivity and quality. We propose that fullerenol nanoparticles (FNPs, molecular formula C-60(OH)(24)) may help alleviate drought stress by serving as an additional intercellular water supply. Specifically, FNPs are able to penetrate plant leaf and root tissues, where they bind water in various cell compartments. This hydroscopic activity suggests that FNPs could be beneficial in plants. The aim of the present study was to analyse the influence of FNPs on sugar beet plants exposed to drought stress. Our results indicate that intracellular water metabolism can be modified by foliar application of FNPs in drought exposed plants. Drought stress induced a significant increase in the compatible osmolyte proline in both the leaves and roots of control plants, but not in FNP treated plants. These results indicate that FNPs could act as intracellular binders of water, creating an additional water reserve, and enabling adaptation to drought stress. Moreover, analysis of plant antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, APx and GPx), MDA and GSH content indicate that fullerenol foliar application could have some beneficial effect on alleviating oxidative effects of drought stress, depending on the concentration of nanoparticles applied. Although further studies are necessary to elucidate the biochemical impact of FNPs on plants; the present results could directly impact agricultural practice, where available water supplies are often a limiting factor in plant bioproductivity

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 15

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: saprotrophic fungus Geastrum morganii, Guignardia istriaca and Hypoxylon howeanum, mycorrhizal fungus Amanita friabilis and Suillus americanus, xanthophyte Vaucheria frigida, stonewort Chara hispida, liverwort Calypogeia integristipula and Ricciocarpus natans, moss Campylopus introflexus, Dicranum transsylvanicum, Tortella pseudofragilis and Trematodon ambiguus, fern Ophioglossum vulgatum subsp. vulgatum, monocots Epipactis exilis, Epipactis purpurata and Epipogium aphyllum and dicots Callitriche cophocarpa, Cornus sanguinea subsp. hungarica and Viscum album subsp. austriacum are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions

Mikotoksini u silaži - uzroci stvaranja, posledice i zaštita od delovanja

The causes of appearance of mold in the silage, genus and species of fungi which biosynthesize mycotoxins, acting consequences of micotoxins, prevention of fungi growth and possibilities to prevent their negative effects are shown in this paper. Also, the results of mycotoxins presence in the silage (corn and lucerne) in Vojvodina in the period 2000-2004 are presented. The most commonly found mycotoxins were zearale-none in 60.6% of analyzed samples and DAS in 30.3% of samples. Silage contamination with ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin was between 15.2 and 21.2%. The content of mycotoxins DAS and T2 toxin was above the values allowed by regulative. The solutions which contribute to the prevention of development of the molds and elimination of negative effects of mycotoxins in silage were analyzed and suggested.U radu se ukazuje na uzroke pojave plesni u silaži, rodove/vrste plesni koje biosintetišu mikotoksine, posledice njihovog delovanja, mere sprečavanja razvoja i mogućnosti otklanjanja štetnog uticaja. Istaknuto je da usled propusta u tehnologiji siliranja (nedovoljno gaženje, prisustvo vazduha) pri vlažnosti mase za siliranje, postoje povoljni uslovi za razvoj plesni koje biosintetišu toksine štetne po zdravlje životinja i ljudi. Oni mogu da izazovu zdravstvene poremećaje uključujući i patohistološke promene na organima i tkivima deponuju se u proizvodima (mleku, mesu i jajima) i na taj način ugroze zdravlje ljudi. U radu su izloženi rezultati prisustva mikotoksina u silaži (kukuruz i lucerka) u Vojvodini u periodu 2000-2004. Najčešće prisutan mikotoksin bio je zearalenon u 60,6% analiziranih uzoraka, a potom DAS u 30,3% uzoraka. Kontaminiranost silaže ohratoksinom A, aflatoksinom B1 i T-2 toksinom bila je između 15,2 i 21,2%. Sadržaj mikotoksina DAS i T-2 toksina bio je na granici ili iznad vrednosti koje dozvoljava Pravilnik (Službeni list SRJ, br. 2/90). Vrednosti za ostale mikotoksine bile su ispod maksimalno dozvoljenih količina. Analizirana su i predložena rešenja koja doprinose suzbijanju razvoja plesni i mikotoksina

Antiproliferative and antibacterial activity of some glutarimide derivatives

<p>Antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of nine glutarimide derivatives (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b>) were reported. Cytotoxicity of compounds was tested toward three human cancer cell lines, HeLa, K562 and MDA-MB-453 by MTT assay. Compound <b>7</b> (2-benzyl-2-azaspiro[5.11]heptadecane-1,3,7-trione), containing 12-membered ketone ring, was found to be the most potent toward all tested cell lines (IC₅₀ = 9–27 μM). Preliminary screening of antibacterial activity by a disk diffusion method showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the tested compounds than Gram-negative bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined by a broth microdilution method confirmed that compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, <b>4</b>, <b>6</b>–<b>8</b> and <b>9</b> inhibited the growth of all tested Gram-positive and some of the Gram-negative bacteria. The best antibacterial potential was achieved with compound <b>9</b> (ethyl 4-(1-benzyl-2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)butanoate) against <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (MIC 0.625 mg/mL; 1.97 × 10⁻³mol/L). Distinction between more and less active/inactive compounds was assessed from the pharmacophoric patterns obtained by molecular interaction fields.</p

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 7

his paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: stonewort Chara intermedia, liverworts Fossombronia wondraczekii and Pseudomoerckia blyttii, mosses Hamatocaulis vernicosus and Hookeria lucens, monocots Gladiolus palustris, Neotinea tridentata, and Orchis militaris and dicots Cardamine serbica, Cardamine waldsteinii, Hieracium kotschyanum and Pilosella petraea are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions

Antiproliferative and antibacterial activity of some glutarimide derivatives

Antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of nine glutarimide derivatives (1–9) were reported. Cytotoxicity of compounds was tested toward three human cancer cell lines, HeLa, K562 and MDA-MB-453 by MTT assay. Compound 7 (2-benzyl-2-azaspiro[5.11]heptadecane-1,3,7-trione), containing 12-membered ketone ring, was found to be the most potent toward all tested cell lines (IC50 = 9–27 μM). Preliminary screening of antibacterial activity by a disk diffusion method showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the tested compounds than Gram-negative bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined by a broth microdilution method confirmed that compounds 1, 2, 4, 6–8 and 9 inhibited the growth of all tested Gram-positive and some of the Gram-negative bacteria. The best antibacterial potential was achieved with compound 9 (ethyl 4-(1-benzyl-2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)butanoate) against Bacillus cereus (MIC 0.625 mg/mL; 1.97 × 10−3 mol/L). Distinction between more and less active/inactive compounds was assessed from the pharmacophoric patterns obtained by molecular interaction fields

Prognostic value of transthoracic doppler echocardiography coronary flow velocity reserve in patients with asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND: Microvascular dysfunction might be a major determinant of clinical deterioration and outcome in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, long-term prognostic value of transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TDE) coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) on clinical outcome is uncertain in HCM patients. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess long-term prognostic value of CFVR on clinical outcome in HCM population. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively included 150 HCM patients (82 women; mean age 48±15 years). Patients’ clinical characteristics, echocardiographic and CFVR findings (both for left anterior descending [LAD] and posterior descending artery [PD]), were assessed in all patients. The primary outcome was a composite of: HCM related death, heart failure requir-ing hospitalization, sustained ventricular tachycardia and ischemic stroke. Patients were stratified into 2 subgroups depend-ing on CFVR LAD value: Group 1 (CFVR LAD>2, [n=87]) and Group 2 (CFVR LAD≤2, [n=63]). During a median follow-up of 88 months, 41/150 (27.3%) patients had adverse cardiac events. In Group 1, there were 8/87 (9.2%), whereas in Group 2 there were 33/63 (52.4%, P<0.001 vs. Group 1) adverse cardiac events. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with preserved CFVR LAD had significantly higher cumulative event-free survival rate compared to patients with impaired CFVR LAD (96.4% and 90.9% versus 66.9% and 40.0%, at 5 and 8 years, respectively: log-rank 37.2, P<0.001). Multivariable analysis identified only CFVR LAD≤2 as an independent predictor for adverse cardiac outcome (HR 6.54; 95% CI 2.83–16.30, P<0.001), while CFVR PD was not significantly associated with outcome. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with HCM, impaired CFVR LAD (≤2) is a strong, independent predictor of adverse cardiac outcome. When the aim of testing is HCM risk stratification and CFVR LAD data are available, the evaluation of CFVR PD is redundant