INFRASTRUCTURE AS IMPORTANT DETERMINANT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE COUNTRIES OF SOUTHEAST EUROPE

Tourism infrastructure is the basis of tourism development and utilization of existing destination resources. Tourism infrastructure includes a large number of services, necessary to meet the needs of tourists and increase satisfaction during their stay at the destination. The subject of this paper is the consideration of relationship between the available infrastructure and the achieved level of tourism development. The paper suggests that future tourism development depends on intensive investment in infrastructure and its modernization, as an important factor of development of the tourism sector. The aim of the paper is to analyze the correlation between tourism competitiveness in the Southeast Europe (SEE) countries and the level of competitiveness of tourism infrastructure. It is noted that increase in the number of hotel rooms is a factor that largely contributes to increase in the level of tourism competitiveness of the observed group of countries

THE MOST IMPORTANT GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

More efficient use of resources and economy based on the principles of sustainable development presents a development opportunity that will enable long-term socio-economic development. Therefore, the European Union is extremely active in the creation and implementation of environmental policies, with a view to its conservation, prevention from degradation, and quality improvement, because it gives natural resources necessary for the overall development. Numerous directives, regulations, and rules of the European Union in the field of environmental protection have changed over the years, in the direction of introducing complex measures for the protection of the environment and indicators for monitoring sustainable development achievements. The latest in a series of documents governing the issue of sustainable development is Agenda 2030, where the majority of sustainable development goals is directly linked to the environment and focus on the sustainability of natural resources. At the same time, a preliminary Sustainable Development Index Goal (SDG Index) has been developed, summarizing trends of a set of indicators monitoring the achievement of sustainable development goals of Agenda 2030. The subject of the paper is an analysis of strategic documents dedicated to sustainable development and environmental protection in the European Union, with the aim of showing their development path over time

The influence of professional stress in permanent working capability of workers with arterial hypertension and its complications

Arterial hypertension is widespread in the population of workers. Stress at work has a significant impact on the emergence of many psychosomatic diseases including arterial hypertension. The aim of this research is to show the influence of professional stress on the occurrence of arterial hypertension, its complications and the permanent working ability of exposed workers in construction. The survey covered 1900 construction workers. The standardized questionnaire has assessed the level of stress and professional stressors in their workplaces. The survey group consisted of 1350 workers whose level of total professional stress index (OSI) was over 60, and a control group of 550 workers with an OSI level below 60. The prevalence of arterial hypertension and its complications is statistically significantly more frequent in the examined than in the control group. In the investigated group, a statistically significant number of workers were registered, who, due to their complete loss of working ability, were sent to the disability commission. With an increase in OSI values above 71, the number of workers with complete loss of working capacity is significantly increased in relation to the number of workers who are capable of working. Professional stress is a significant factor that affects the occurrence of arterial hypertension, its complications on vital organs, which lead to a complete permanent loss of working ability of exposed workers in construction

Uticaj opterećenja različitim nivoima profesionalnog stresa na koncentraciju serumskih lipida službenika obezbeđenja

The aim of this work is to analyze the relationship between the level of professional stress and the concentration of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides in the serum of security employees. . The study included 415 security officers (exposed group) divided into four sub-groups and 150 administrative workers (control group). By applying a standardized questionnaire, the level of professional stress in their workplaces was calculated. To determine the serum lipid concentration in the all subjects, venous blood samples were taken in the morning after a twelve-hour food abstinence Security officers are exposed to a high level of professional stress, where the level of stress index depends on the type of the job they are engaged in. The highest values of the total index of professional stress, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were registered with the employees who transport money and those carrying firearms. The lowest total index of professional stress, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were registered with property security officers and persons who do not carry firearms. The correlation between the level of stress index at work, an increase in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels is statistically significant. We believe that there is a significant correlation between the level of the overall stress index at work and the risk of atherosclerosis in security officers.Cilj rada je analiza povezanosti nivoa profesionalnog stresa i koncentracija ukupnog holesterola, HDL holesterola, LDL holesterola i triglicerida u serumu službenika angažovanih na različitim vrstama obezbeđenja. Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 415 službenika obezbeđenja (ispitivana grupa) podeljenih u četiri podgrupe i 150 administrativnih radnika (kontrolna grupa). Primenom standardizovanog upitnika, je izračunavan nivo profesionalnog stresa na njihovim radnim mestima. Radi određivanja koncentracije lipida u serumu od svih ispitanika je uziman uzorak venske krvi ujutru posle dvanaestočasovne apstinencije od hrane. Službenici obezbeđenja su izloženi visokom nivou profesionalnog stresa, pri čemu nivo indeksa stresa zavisi od vrste poslova na kojima su angažovani. Najviše vrednosti ukupnog indeksa profesionalnog stresa, ukupnog holesterola, LDL holesterola i triglicerida su registrovane kod službenika na obezbedjenju transporta novca sa nošenjem vatrenog oružja. Najniže vrednosti ukupnog indeksa profesionalnog stresa, ukupnog holesterola, LDL holesterola i triglicerida su registrovane kod službenika na obezbedjenju imovine i lica bez nošenja vatrenog oružja. Utvrđena je statistički značajna korelacija između nivoa indeksa stresa na poslu, povećanja vrednosti ukupnog holesterola, LDL holesterola, triglicerida i smanjenja nivoa HDL holesterola. Smatramo da postoji značajna povezanost između nivoa ukupnog indeksa stresa na poslu i rizika od ateroskleroze kod službenika obezbeđenja

Analysis of fieldwork methodology in anthropogeographic works of Jovan Cvijić

Interpreting the extensive and varied bibliography of Jovan Cvijić, largely in foreign languages, which apart from the text includes geographic and ethnographic map of the Balkan Peninsula, atlases, notes and drawings, it is concluded that his scientific work was versatile and complex. Cvijić's perception of space, the use of didactic principles, methods and forms of work can be categorized as actual and modern even in the present time. He was the first among the Balkan geographers who simultaneously interpreted natural, historical, sociological, ethnographic and ethno-psychological phenomena and processes. Cvijić pointed to the relationship between the geographic environment and human communities, civilizations and historical events, constantly examining their mutual conditionality. Numerous research trips in almost all regions of the Balkan Peninsula led to his interest in the culture and customs of the people. He noted that in the Balkans, there are different people by origin, religion and mentality. The result of the field research is certainly one of Cvijić's most important work - 'Anthropogeographical problems of the Balkan Peninsula'. His scientific approach has given an outstanding contribution to methodological development of geography

Representation ethnological content in geography textbooks for 2nd grade gymnasium

The interdisciplinary teaching-scientific disciplines and all participants in the educational process, the school becomes an environment in which, in addition to teaching and learning, fosters the harmonious development of personality of students with various aspects. Geography and ethnology ratio is determined by their position in the system of scientific disciplines and tasks that have in education. From ethnology as a science is the selection of content, according to educational and functional tasks of teaching geography in specific socio-historical context. In geography textbooks represented ethnological themes through the study of the origin, beliefs and customs of a nation or community. As such, characteristics of the different analyzed ethnology people, by studying the relations between them, and thus enrich the geography textbooks. Ethnological facilities are very suitable for the teaching process because they enable wide application forms and methods, as well as a wide selection of new information and communication educational technologies. The aim of this paper is based on defining similarities and differences between geography and ethnology, as well as related and in many ways related to science and unbreakable. The aim of the paper points to the scale of the ethnological contents in geography textbooks for Secondary school. The results show that in terms of geography and ethnology, there are some similarities, but also differences when it comes to the interpretation of certain phenomena, processes and principles. Based on the results, proposals are defined which are contributing to a more efficient study of ethnological content with the aim of more obvious, more permanent and more practical adoption of students' knowledge

The Ten Minute-Principal: free up your time to focus on leadership

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Dimenzioniranje grede krana za manipuliranje betonskim poklopcem neutronskog akceleratora Dones

Zadatak ovoga rada je dimenzionirati poprečni presjek glavne grede krana. Kran se koristi za manipuliranje betonskim poklopcem koji služi kao zaštita ostalih prostorija od zračenja koje proizvodi neutronski akcelerator. Analizu provodimo analitički, te metodom konačnih elemenata u programskom paketu Abaqus. U uvodnom poglavlju opisana je fuzija i planovi izgradnje fuzijskih elektrana, te projekt DONES i TIR (soba u kojoj se bombardiraju ispitni uzorci neutronskim snopom). U drugom poglavlju je kratko opisan kran, tj PFCT sustav. U trećem poglavlju je prikazan analitički i numerički proračun, uz opis metode konačnih elemenata, programskog paketa Abaqus, te korištenih elemenata

Good Governance and Institution Building as a Condition of EU Integration and Economic Growth

Institutions represent rules of behavior in a particular society, the limitations that a person has designed to shape interactions between people. Inclusive institutions promote the rule of law, maximize efficiency and social well-being and contribute to the achievement of higher rates of economic growth and represent key economic freedoms. Inclusive institutions provide security of private property, an impartial legal system and public services that provide equality in exchange and contracting, as well as citizens' participation in economic activities. Residents of countries with such type of institutions have access to political institutions, which gives them the opportunity to participate in the democratic process, to elect representatives of the authorities, change them, etc. Extractive institutions, as opposite to inclusive institutions, allow access to political power only to a privileged circle of people. The aim of this institutions is to subtract income and wealth from one social subgroup in favor of the other. The emergence, development and establishment of inclusive institutions is not a short process and it also implies the fulfillment of certain political prerequisites such as: the representation of parliamentary tradition and therefore political culture, compliance with laws and regulations, respecting private property rights, respecting state property rights, strong public opinion etc. Greater representation of inclusive institutions will certainly contribute to EU integration

Dobijanje čistih i kompozitnih prahova od poli-L-laktida i poli-D,L-laktida modifikovanom precipitacionom metodom i njihova karakterizacija

U svetu trenutno postoji značajna potreba za otkrićem biodegradabilnih mikro i nanosfera koje se koriste kao sistemi za kontrolisanu dostavu medikamenata. Glavni, ali ne i jedini nedostatak tradicionalnog načina doziranja medikamenata se ogleda u potrebi za čestim ponavljanjem doza. Inkapsulacija je potvrđena kao efektivan način za kontrolisanu dostavu različitih aktivnih supstanci. Zbog svojih atraktivnih svojstava mikrosfere biodegradabilnih polimera poli-L-laktida (PLLA) i poli-D,L-laktida (PDLLA) su našle veliku primenu u mikroinkapsulaciji lekova i antigena sa nerazdvojnim potencijalom za kontrolisanu i ciljanu dostavu lekova i antigena. \ud U ovoj magistarskoj tezi je opisano procesiranje čistih i kompozitnih mikrosfera PLLA i PDLLA modifikovanom precipitacionom metodom. Biodegradabilne sfere poli-D,L-laktida su sistemi koji su dosta istraživani u cilju kontrolisane dostave proteina. U ovim istraživanjima rađeno je ispitivanje pojedinih promenljivih parametara procesa kako bi se ispitao njihov uticaj na morfološke karakteristike i distribuciju veličina mikrosfera PLLA i PDLLA dobijenih precipitacionom metodom. Uslovi pod kojima su procesirane PLLA i PDLLA mikrosfere su dalje optimizovani kako bi se dobile najmanje sfere u kojima je inkorporiran protein. Mikrosfere od PDLLA mogu zaštititi proteine od gubitka biološke aktivnosti i obezbediti otpuštanje proteina u odgovarajućim trenucima tokom produženog vremenskog perioda. U ovom radu, kao model proteini korišćeni su bovin serum albumin (BSA) i peroksidaza iz rena (HRP), koji su inkorporirani u sferama PDLLA. Cilj ovog rada je bio i da se optimizuju eksperimentalni uslovi kako bi se dobile kompozitne mikrosfere sa najboljim karakteristikama koje su neophodne za kontrolisanu dostavu proteina (HRP i BSA) sa produženim dejstvom i izračunala efikasnost inkapsulacije. Sposobnost kontrole veličine sfera bi mogla da olakša istraživanja na polju kontrolisane dostave lekova. U ove svrhe, varirani su sledeći parametri: korastvarač (metanol ili etanol), koncentracija surfaktanta PVA, zapreminski odnos hloroforma prema vodi, kao i brzina i vreme homogenizacije. Morfologija i veličina čestica PLLA, PDLLA i kompozita (PDLLA+BSA i PDLLA +HRP), se značajno menjaju promenom ovih uslova procesiranja. Za karakterizaciju dobijenih prahova korišćene su skenirajuća elektronska mikroskopija (SEM), rendgenska difrakcija (XRD), diferencijalna skanirajuća kalorimetrija (DSC), infracrvena spektroskopija (IR), elektroforeza i stereološka analiza.A considerable care is currently paid worldwide to the development of biodegradable microspheres as systems for controlled release of medicaments. The major disadvantage of traditional medicaments administration method is the need for frequent dosage repetition. Encapsulation has been proven to be an effective vehicle for the controlled delivery of various medicaments. The encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of the medicaments have been found to depend upon the size of the microspheres synthesized. Biodegradable micro- and nanospheres made of poly-l-lactide (PLLA) and poly-dl-lactide (PDLLA) are very potent drug or antigen delivery systems with inherent potential for controlled drug delivery and drug and antigen targeting. \ud The objective of this thesis was to formulate empty and composite microspheres from PLLA and PDLLA by modified precipitation method. Biodegradable microspheres such as those made of poly-dl-lactide (PDLLA) are widely investigated delivery systems for proteins. This study investigated the effects of some process variables on the morphology and size distribution of PLLA and PDLLA microspheres prepared by precipitation method. Preparation conditions were then optimized to obtain the smallest protein-loaded spheres. PDLLA microspheres can protect proteins against biological inactivation and can release them at specific moments during the prolonged period of time. For the purpose of this paper, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used as the model proteins, as they were incorporated into PDLLA spheres. The aim of this study was to optimize experimental conditions in order to produce composite microspheres with the best properties for controlled and sustained delivery of proteins (HRP and BSA). The ability to control size of spheres should facilitate investigations of their scope for drug delivery. For this purpose, the following parameters were varied: co-solvent (methanol or ethanol), the concentration of stabilizer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chloroform-to-water ratio as well as the speed and time of homogenization. The average size and morphology of PLLA, PDLLA and composite microspheres (PDLLA+BSA and PDLLA+HRP) vary substantially if these preparation conditions are changed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetery (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), electrophoresis and stereological analysis were used to characterize the particles