Bibliothèques universitaires, le grand défi

Les bibliothèques universitaires japonaises, dont le véritable essor date de l’après-guerre, font aujourd’hui, après plusieurs réformes, face au défi du numérique dans un contexte difficile. Au Japon, où la recherche de l’excellence est une tradition, le monde étudiant lui-même est en proie au doute

13 利用者の情報行動

研修：令和元年度大学図書館職員長期研修主催：筑波大学期間：令和元年7月1日～7月12日会場：筑波大学春日エリア情報メディアユニオン2階メディアホール

10 利用者の情報行動

研修: 平成30年度大学図書館職員長期研修主催: 筑波大学期間: 平成30年7月2日～7月13日会場: 筑波大学春日エリア情報メディアユニオン2階情報メディアホール

Philosophical background of Budapest Open Access Initiative and its acceptance

本稿ではオープンアクセス運動の契機となったBudapest Open Access Initiative（BOAI）について分析し，これがどのような意図のもとで公開されたか調査した．まず，BOAIを提唱し，オープンアクセス運動を支援している財団であるOpen Society Institute（OSI）と，その設立者であるGeorge Sorosについて紹介し，彼らの思想的根拠であるKarl R. Popperの提唱した「開かれた社会」概念について概観した．また，BOAI中にその思想が影響していることを明らかにした．次に，オープンアクセス運動に関連する文献群中でのPopperおよび「開かれた社会」への言及状況とBOAIの受容状況の定量的計測から，オープンアクセス関係者の間での「開かれた社会」関連思想の認知状況を検討した．その結果，OSIは「開かれた社会」という政治思想の実現を目的にオープンアクセス運動に関与しているにもかかわらず，他のオープンアクセス運動関係者はこの思想の存在には言及していないことがあきらかになった．Open access movement is a hot issue in a recent Library and Information Science. This article analyzed \u27the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI),\u27 which triggered the open access movement. First, this article introduced the foundation, \u27the Open Society Institute (OSI),\u27 which has proposed and supported BOAI, and its founder, George Soros. We also surveyed their philosophical basis, the concept of \u27Open Society\u27 -Karl R. Popper advocated. In addition, we revealed that BOAI was affected by the concept of \u27Open Society\u27. Second, we revealed how people accepted the concept of \u27Open Society\u27 by quantitative analysis of literatures about open access. As a result, it was revealed that while OSI participated to the open access movements to achieve the concept of \u27Open Society\u27 people in open access movement have not referred to OSI\u27s intention

Compound Heterozygous Mutations in SLC30A2/ZnT2 Results in Low Milk Zinc Concentrations: A Novel Mechanism for Zinc Deficiency in a Breast-Fed Infant.

Zinc concentrations in breast milk are considerably higher than those of the maternal serum, to meet the infant's requirements for normal growth and development. Thus, effective mechanisms ensuring secretion of large amounts of zinc into the milk operate in mammary epithelial cells during lactation. ZnT2 was recently found to play an essential role in the secretion of zinc into milk. Heterozygous mutations of human ZnT2 (hZnT2), including H54R and G87R, in mothers result in low (>75% reduction) secretion of zinc into the breast milk, and infants fed on the milk develop transient neonatal zinc deficiency. We identified two novel missense mutations in the SLC30A2/ZnT2 gene in a Japanese mother with low milk zinc concentrations (>90% reduction) whose infant developed severe zinc deficiency; a T to C transition (c.454T>C) at exon 4, which substitutes a tryptophan residue with an arginine residue (W152R), and a C to T transition (c.887C>T) at exon 7, which substitutes a serine residue with a leucine residue (S296L). Biochemical characterization using zinc-sensitive DT40 cells indicated that the W152R mutation abolished the abilities to transport zinc and to form a dimer complex, indicating a loss-of-function mutation. The S296L mutation retained both abilities but was extremely destabilized. The two mutations were found on different alleles, indicating that the genotype of the mother with low milk zinc was compound heterozygous. These results show novel compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC30A2/ZnT2 gene causing zinc deficiency in a breast-fed infant

Book Recommendation Based on Library Loan Records and Bibliographic Information

AbstractIn order to show the effectiveness of using (a) library loan records and (b) information about book contents as a basis for book recommendations, we entered various data into a support vector machine (SVM), used it to recommend books to subjects, and asked them for evaluations of the recommendations that were given. The data that we used were (1) confidence and support with an association rule that was based on the loan records, (2) similarities between book titles, (3) matches/mismatches between the Nippon Decimal Classification (NDC) categories of the books, and (4) similarities between the outlines of the books in the BOOK Database. The subjects were 32 students who belonged to T University. The books that we recommended and the loan records that we used were obtained from the T University Library. The results showed that the combinations of (1), (2), (3) and (1), (2) were rated more favorably by the subjects than the other combinations. However, the books that were recommended by Amazon were rated even more favorably by the subjects. This is a topic for further research

Novel SLC30A2 mutations in the pathogenesis of transient neonatal zinc deficiency

[Importance] Transient neonatal zinc deficiency (TNZD) occurs in breastfed infants due to abnormally low breast milk zinc levels. Mutations in the solute carrier family 30 member 2 (SLC30A2) gene, which encodes the zinc transporter ZNT2, cause low zinc concentration in breast milk. [Objective] This study aimed to provide further insights into TNZD pathophysiology. [Methods] SLC30A2 sequencing was performed in three unrelated Japanese mothers, whose infants developed TNZD due to low-zinc milk consumption. The effects of the identified mutations were examined using cell-based assays and luciferase reporter analysis. [Results] Novel SLC30A2 mutations were identified in each mother. One harbored a heterozygous missense mutation in the ZNT2 zinc-binding site, which resulted in defective zinc transport. The other two mothers exhibited multiple heterozygous mutations in the SLC30A2 promoter, the first mutations in the SLC30A2 regulatory region reported to date. [Interpretation] This report provides new genetic insights into TNZD pathogenesis in breastfed infants

Curriculum of College of Knowledge and Library Sciences, School of Informatics, University ofTsukuba, Kasuga learning commons（KLC）

2007年度より改組され新たなスタートを切った筑波大学情報学群知識情報・図書館学類について記した。知識科学，情報経営・図書館，知識情報システムの三主専攻からなる学類の使命，教育理念，輩出すべき人材，そして1年次からのカリキュラム構成とその特色，就職先/進路について述べた。また学類と附属図書館とが協同で設置したラーニングコモンズとそこから派生した「図書館情報学若手の会（ALIS：Around Library and Information Science）の活動について記述した。学類は発足して 年目であり，今後，評価活動を通じてカリキュラムの見直し，改定すべき所を検証していくところである