Гражданское общество как форма реализации социальной ответственности индивида

Представлена характеристика сущности и особенностей социальной ответственности индивида сквозь призму формирования и развития гражданского общества. На основе методологии современной институциональной экономики с учетом эволюционного и поведенческого подходов социальная ответственность индивида в статье определяется как неформальная норма, предназначенная для согласования противоречивых экономических интересов и формирующая субъектный каркас гражданского общества

Простий зсув: власні вектори тензорів Коші-Гріна обертаються один проти іншого

Simple shear represents a somewhat complex case of deformation although it is very good studied. In this paper, we discuss a new aspect of simple shear which has not been observed before. Rotations of the eigenvectors of the right and left Cauchy-Green tensors with increasing amount of shear under the kinematically defined simple shear are theoretically studied. An analysis has been done within a framework of the nonlineartheory of elasticity. Mathematical processor Maple is used for the calculations and animation of the results. Phenomena of mutually opposite rotations of the eigenvectors of the right and left Cauchy-Green tensors is fond that can be important for anisotropic and in particular fibre-reinforced materials. We studied rotations of principal strain directions under the kinematically defined simple shear. Accordingly, eigenvectors of the right and left Cauchy-Green tensors rotate against each other with the increasing amount of shear. Interestingly, the eigenvectors of brotate in the same direction as line elements of the material while the eigenvectors of Cin the opposite direction. For example, this can be important for anisotropic and in particular fiber rein-forced materials. In this case, the direction of the maximal stretch will rotate with respect to reinforcement directions.Простий зсув являє собою дещо складний випадок деформації, хоча він дуже добре вивчений. У цій роботі ми обговорюємоновий аспект простого зсуву, який раніше не спостерігався. Теоретично вивчаються обертання власних векторів правого та лівого тензорів Коші-Гріна зі збільшенням кількості зсуву під кінематично визначеним простим зсувом. Аналіз зроблено в рамках нелінійної теорії пружності. Математичний процесор Maple використовується для обчислень та анімації результатів. З’являються взаємно протилежні обертання власних векторів правого та лівого тензорів Коші-Гріна, які можуть мати важливе значення для анізотропних і зокрема армованих волокнами матеріалів

Physics-Informed Quantum Machine Learning for Solving Partial Differential Equations

In this work, we solve differential equations using quantum Chebyshev feature maps. We propose a tensor product over a summation of Pauli-Z operators as a change in the measurement observables resulting in improved accuracy and reduced computation time for initial value problems processed by floating boundary handling. This idea has been tested on solving the complex dynamics of a Riccati equation as well as on a system of differential equations. Furthermore, a second-order differential equation is investigated in which we propose adding entangling layers to improve accuracy without increasing the variational parameters. Additionally, a modified self-adaptivity approach of physics-informed neural networks is incorporated to balance the multi-objective loss function. Finally, a new quantum circuit structure is proposed to approximate multivariable functions, tested on solving a 2D Poisson's equation

On the Thermodynamic Consistency of a Two Micro-Structured Thixotropic Constitutive Model

The time-dependent rheological behavior of the thixotropic fluids is presented in various industrial fields (cosmetics, food, oil, etc.). Usually, a couple of equations define constitutive model for thixotropic substances: a constitutive equation based on linear viscoelastic models and a rate equation (an equation related to the micro-structural evolution of the substance). Many constitutive models do not take into account the micro-structural dependence of the shear modulus and viscosity in the dynamic principles from which are developed. The modified Jeffreys model (considering only one single micro-structure type) does not show this incoherence in its formulation. In this chapter, a constitutive model for thixotropic fluids, based on modified Jeffreys model, is presented with the addition of one more micro-structure type, besides of comments on some possible generalizations. The rheological coherence of this constitutive model and thermodynamic consistency are analyzed too. This model takes into account a simple isothermal laminar shear flows, and the micro-structures dynamics are relate to Brownian motion and de Gennes Reptation model via the Smoluchowski™s coagulation theory

A novel experimental procedure based on pure shear testing of dermatome-cut samples applied to porcine skin

This paper communicates a novel and robust method for the mechanical testing of thin layers of soft biological tissues with particular application to porcine skin. The key features include the use of a surgical dermatome and the highly defined deformation kinematics achieved by pure shear testing. Thin specimens of accurate thickness were prepared using a dermatome and were subjected to different quasi-static and dynamic loading protocols. Although simple in its experimental realisation, pure shear testing provides a number of advantages over other classic uni- and biaxial testing procedures. The preparation of thin specimens of porcine dermis, the mechanical tests as well as first representative results are described and discussed in detail. The results indicate a pronounced anisotropy between the directions along and across the cleavage lines and a strain rate-dependent respons

A general isogeometric finite element formulation for rotation-free shells with embedded fibers and in-plane bending

This paper presents a general, nonlinear finite element formulation for rotation-free shells with embedded fibers that captures anisotropy in stretching, shearing, twisting and bending -- both in-plane and out-of-plane. These capabilities allow for the simulation of large sheets of heterogeneous and fibrous materials either with or without matrix, such as textiles, composites, and pantographic structures. The work is a computational extension of our earlier theoretical work (Duong et al., 2021) that extends existing Kirchhoff-Love shell theory to incorporate the in-plane bending resistance of initially straight or curved fibers. The formulation requires only displacement degrees-of-freedom to capture all mentioned modes of deformation. To this end, isogeometric shape functions are used in order to satisfy the required $C^1$-continuity for bending across element boundaries. The proposed formulation can admit a wide range of material models, such as surface hyperelasticity that does not require any explicit thickness integration. To deal with possible material instability due to fiber compression, a stabilization scheme is added. Several benchmark examples are used to demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of the proposed computational formulation.Comment: This version updates the paper format and adjust the units in figure axes, results unchange