Study of the antimicrobial effect of Amikacin encapsulated in Mesoporous Silica nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Background and Aim: Amikacin, as an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is prescribed against a broad spectrum of bacteria. Limiting the use of this medicine includes the risk of microbial resistance, toxicity and short half-life in the body. One strategy to overcome the problem is the use of nanotechnology which can help to development of medicine delivery systems. This study was done in 2015 to assess the ability of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in improving the traditional formulation of amikacin. Materials and Methods: SBA-15 was synthesized using hydrothermal method. The kinetics of medicine release from carriers, was investigated at 37 °C. The antimicrobial activity of formulations was conducted by disk diffusion method and broth dilution test on samples of bacteria. Results: Nanoparticles SBA-15 with a hexagonal arrangement and pore diameter of 5 -100 nm, were able to encapsulation 47% of Amikacin. The kinetics of medicine release from the carrier at pH (5, 7.4and 8.9) showed that in the first 24 hours, respectively, 10, 34.54 and 69% amikacin was released from the carriers. The rate of MIC of native amikacin and amikacin@SBA-15 of S. aureus were respectively, 1.66, 13.29 μg/mL and for P. aeruginosa were respectively 3.32, 26.59 μg/mL. Conclusions: The results confirmed the stability of the encapsulated amikacin and high capacity SBA-15 to control the medicine release in the acidic environment of the stomach to the intestinal alkaline that made hopes to provide oral formulation of the medicine

A review on biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles, characterization, and its applications

The nano-sized particles make an imprint on us in our daily lives and it has great importance in the numerous fields of biotechnology like the food industry, medical and industrial field. Gold nanoparticles are one of the widely used particles as it has many therapeutic applications, such as drug delivery system for many diseases like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus etc. biosensors, and environmental applications of dye degradation, bioremediation of toxic chemicals present in the environment (soil and atmosphere). Gold nanoparticles synthesis by the green route has become the latest development, because of the bioavailability of sources like plants or microorganisms, and it also reduces the utilization of toxic chemicals. This review explains the various microorganisms like bacteria, algae, fungi, actinomycetes and yeast involved in the synthesis of these nanoparticles also elucidate the size, shape and functional groups involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles and its applications