Halophytes of Tersko-kumsk Lowland Area, Their Protection and Rational Use

Article provides a brief analytical review of studies of halophilic flora species of Tersko- Kumsk lowland area. The most important representatives are indicated, the adaptive properties of different halophyte groups are considered. Their resource value is noted (fodder, medicinal, melliferous, tannic, etc.). In the systematic aspect, the halophilic flora exhibits Mediterranean features, dicotyledons dominate in it, club-moss and horsetails are completely absent, ferns are minimally present. In the edaphic relation, most species of halophytes are obligate, confined to one type of substrate, and the vast majority of halophytes are confined to the steppe belt, the subalpine belt, the belt of upland xerophytes and the alpine belt are in descending order, least of all halophytes in the forest belt, individual species live in subnival belt.The question of the protection of solonchak vegetation and solonchak steppes as a peculiar ecosystems, with a distinctive landscape and original flora containing a highly specialized ecological group of plants, which testifies to the relationship of the nature of plants with the environment. Halophilic cenoses can serve as indicators of the soil, chemical composition and depth of groundwater

Floristic Research of the Biological Reserve “Bragunsky”

Flora of the biological reserve “Bragunsky” of republican significance, located on the territory of three districts of the Chechen Republic (area of 17,000 hectares, forest land – 10.2 thousand hectares) is studied. Its boundaries are indicated. Preliminary studies in the summer-autumn flora of the reserve have revealed 237 species from 175 genera and 53 families, among which more than 15 endemics are of different statuses, 25 relict species are of different geological eras. Dominant by the number of family species are indicated (Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Cyperaceae, Scrophyliaceae, Orchidaceae), Geographic elements are considered. The general-holarctic and boreal nature of the flora is noted with a significant participation of ancient Mediterranean and binding elements. The prevalence of hemicryptophytes in the reserve flora has been noted – 115 (49.78 %) species, 48 therophytes (20.25 %) and 40 phanerophytes (10 %) and a slight presence of cryptophytes – 4.21 %. The economically and scientifically valuable, as well as rare, red book and protected species are listed

The Most Important Mass Non-Epidemic Diseases and their Socio-Medical Significance

One of the most important results of the implementation of the national project called "Health" which includes three priority areas - the development of primary health care, the provision of high-tech medical care to the population, project management and information support is to strengthen the healthcare system. In this article the most important mass non-epidemic diseases and their socio-medical significance is discussed

The Most Important Mass Non-Epidemic Diseases and their Socio-Medical Significance

One of the most important results of the implementation of the national project called "Health" which includes three priority areas - the development of primary health care, the provision of high-tech medical care to the population, project management and information support is to strengthen the healthcare system. In this article the most important mass non-epidemic diseases and their socio-medical significance is discussed

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF PETROLEUM BITUMEN PRODUCTION

Abstract. The world production petroleum bitumen for road construction is considered. The problems and prospects of the bitumen production in the world and Russia are shown.At present leading positions on Russian bitumen market occupy the companies Gazprom Oil, Rosneft and Lukoyl. They cover nearly 80% of total volume of bitumen production in the RF.In world road construction practice the residual road oil bitumen is basically used, from which more than 80% of motor roads are built in the west.The significant quality growth of oil bitumen was the result of the appearance of modified and polymeric-bitumen bindings(PBB). Amongst block polymer of the styrene (SBC - styrene block copolymer), used in road construction, the main modifier for production of polymer-modified bitumen in the world is butadiene styrene thermoelastolayer SBS (SBS - styrene butadiene styrene).In 2014 at Moscow NPZ the installation on production PMB of new generation G-Way Styrelf is launched. The installation was built by the joint-venture Gazprom Oil" and French concern Total and is considered to produce 60 thousand tons of PMB and 7 thousand tons of bitumen emulsion per annum. The production is realized in accordance with technology Styrelf, designed by concern Total and adapted to Russian climatic conditions. The Russian bitumen is in demand on foreign market as well

ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISMS OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM AND RELATION TO VASOPRESSORS IN ESSENTIAL SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION WITH THE LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY IN DAGESTAN REPUBLIC

Aim. To assess the prevalences of genotypes and alleles polymorphisms of reninangiotensin-aldosterone  system,  and  β2-adrenoreceptors,  and  to  evaluate  the results  in regard   to  vasopressor  levels  in blood  serum  in essential   systemic hypertension  (ESH) with the  left ventricle hypertrophy  (LVH)  and  with none,  in Dagestan  Republic population.Material and methods. To the assessment, 98 patients included with the diagnosis “essential systemic hypertension  with or none LVH”. Genotypes  were assessed, of polymorphism A1166C gene AGTR1 and polymorphism Arg16Gly gene ADRB2. The testing of the polymorphisms was performed  with allele-specific polymerase  chain reaction.  Level of angiotensin  (At) II, endothelin (et) 1-21 and aldosterone (AS) in blood serum was measured by the hard-phase IeA. Level of ACe was measured by enzymatic method. Statistics was done with the software statistica (version 6.0) and “Biostat 4.03”.Results.  In EAH  patients   with LVH  the  prevalence   of  Arg/Arg polymorphism Arg16Gly gene  ADRB2  was  lower than  in control.  In EAH  with no LVH  there  is significant decline  of AC genotype  prevalences of polymorphism  A1166C gene AGTR1 and genotype  Arg/Arg polymorphism Arg16Gly gene ADRB2. Level of EТ1-21  and АТ II in the group of EAH with no LVH patients was significantly higher than in controls. Level of AT II in EAH with LVH was significantly higher than none LVH group. Increase of the levels of these mediators of AH was followed by a decline of AS level in the groups  of patients  comparing  to controls. In EAH group with LVH significant increase of et 1-21 was associated with the carriage of As polymorphism A1166C gene AGTR1, and genotypes АА and СС of the same polymorphism were associated with the decrease of levels of EТ1-21. In EAH with no LVH a significant decrease of At  II  level was found in the  carriers  of AA  and  AC genotypes of polymorphism A1166C  gene   AGTR1.  Also, the  association   was  found  of  all  genotypes  of polymorphism Arg16Gly gene ADRB2  with the decrease of АТ II.Conclusion. In Dagestan  population, in EAH with and with no LVH, most significant are  genotypes  AA,  AC and  CC  of  polymorphism  A1166C gene   AGTR1,  and genotypes Arg/Arg, Arg/Gly, Gly/Gly and alleles Arg and Gly polymorphism Arg16Gly gene ADRB2. Pathogenic  significance of the mentioned  polymorphisms is emphasized by the presence of polymorphism ET1-12, АТ II, Аs in blood serum

ANALYSIS OF ENDEMISM OF THE XEROPHILOUS FLORA IN THE RUSSIAN CAUCASUS

The aim of our research is to study the endemics of the xerophilous flora of the Russian Caucasus in connection with the matter of knowing the genesis.Methods. The study is based on the field research expeditions.Findings. The presence of endemic species in flora is an indicator of its originality, and the degree of originality is determined by the extent of the endemic species. In general, according to our geographic analysis, the number of endemic species in xerophilous flora of the Russian Caucasus accounts for 32% (326 species), of which 25% of all endemic species have natural habitats within entire Caucasus, 66% are widespread in the Greater Caucasus, and 9% in the Pre-Caucasian region.Conclusion. Endemic species of xerophytes of the flora, in their overwhelming majority, are euxerophytes, and most steno-endemics also belong to this group of xerophytes. In a systematic aspect, the leading family, containing the largest number of endemic species, is Asteraceae (in percentage terms - Lamiaceae) and Jurinea is a leading genus (in percentage terms - Psephellus). In relation to the substrate, calcixerophytes are the dominants and most saturated endemics in quantitative terms are the belt of mountain xerophytes. The predominant biomes are hemicryptophytes; as compared with the number of biomorphes, among chamaephytes there is the biggest quantity of endemics

ANALYSIS OF THE PLANT SPECIES USED FOR TECHNICAL PURPOSES IN CHECHNYA

Aim. The aim of the research is to define the species composition of technical plants, to conduct its comprehensive analysis and identify useful properties of wild species of Chechnya for enriching the range of plants used for technical purposes. Methods. The object of the study was the flora and spatial localization of certain types of technical plants on the territory of Chechnya and adjacent territories. The material for the study was obtained as a result of observations in nature and collection of herbarium material during expeditionary researches from 2010 to 2017. Discussion. The article lists dyeing, essential oil-bearing, tannic, tar-bearing plants of the flora of Chechnya and adjacent territories. The main woodraw plants that provide valuable wood are also given special attention in the research; the qualitative properties of various woods and their intended use are briefly described. Are also descried many arboreal and herbaceous species which are widely used or are promising for tanning leather, fabrics, as well as species for obtaining essential oils and aromatic substances suitable for the use in liquor and vodka production, confectionery and other industries. Conclusion. The availability of large reserves of raw technical crops in the republics of the North Caucasus makes them very promising for industrial use. The study of the properties of biologically active substances, establishment of their structure, and creation of valuable herbal preparations on their basis is of great practical importance. On the territory of the Chechen Republic we have identified 157 types of technical plants belonging to 74 genera and 35 families. The problem of preserving the species diversity of valuable, economically useful, including technical plants in culture, becomes especially urgent in connection with the expansion of the use of new species as sources of biological substances

ORNAMENTAL PLANTS OF CHECHNYA AND ITS ADJACENT AREAS

Abstract. The aim of the research is to summarize the scattered information about the types of decorative flora of the Chechen Republic and adjacent territories; to identify highly resistant ornamental plants for cities and settlements of the North Caucasus and other territories of Russia. Discussion. Currently, in a variety of botanical gardens of the North Caucasus grows a large number of decorative plant species, widely used in green construction. However, not all species posses the quality to sufficient resist unfavorable conditions of the changed abiotic and biotic environment. Among the studied, the most valuable and promising for widespread introduction are the species of more than 122 taxa, the decorative effect of which is preserved throughout the year with no signs of aging. Many examples of the targeted use of herbs, tree species, lianas, bulbous plants were cited in the research. We give a large list of Caucasian species for growing on lawns, flowerbeds, flower gardens, alpine and stony mountains, roadsides and parks, urban parks, squares and alleys as a type of gardening. Their decorative properties, vitality, durability, life form and other bio-ecological features, attitude to abiotic factors (soil conditions, illumination, temperature, soil and atmospheric humidification conditions, etc.) were taken into account. Conclusion. We give a large list of ornamental species and various planting techniques of specific species are introduced in conditions of Chechnya and its adjacent territories as well as the methods of implementing in the landscaping practice in other (middle and northern) regions of Russia

EPIDEMIOLOGY ANALYSIS OF TREATED PATIENTS WITH SKIN LEISHAMIZAM IN DJIZAK REGION (UZBEKISTAN)

According to official data, the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis is the last 5 years; in endemic areas, Uzbekistan is growing markedly. Given the increase in the incidence rate among the population of the republic, it is necessary to conduct an annual epidemiological analysis of the detection and spread of this disease, with the aim of timely monitoring and prevention. [1,4,5